Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Some authors of Cochrane overviews have also (co-)authored one or more of the underlying reviews. We examined the extent of dual (co-)authorship in Cochrane overviews, how it is dealt with, and whether the issue is raised in protocols. STUDY DESIGN:The Cochrane Library was searched for overviews and protocols for overviews in September 2015. Data on dual (co-)authorship were extracted for each review into standard spreadsheets by one author and checked for accuracy by a second. RESULTS:Twenty overviews and 25 protocols were identified. The overviews included a median of 10 reviews (interquartile range [IQR]: 6-18.5). In 18/20 overviews (90%), at least one of the included reviews was affected by dual (co-)authorship. A median of 5 (IQR, 2.5-7) reviews per overview was affected by dual (co-)authorship. In 8/18 (44%) overviews with dual (co-)authorship, quality assessment was conducted independently. In 7/25 (28%) protocols, dual (co-)authorship was mentioned. CONCLUSION:Potential biases arising from dual (co-)authorship are often neglected in Cochrane overviews. We argue that authors of Cochrane overviews and Review Groups should pay more attention to the issue, to avoid bias and preserve the good reputation that Cochrane overviews will typically deserve.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Büchter RB,Pieper Ddoi
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.04.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-01 00:00:00pages
91-94eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
S0895-4356(16)30095-6journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Measurement of physical activity in epidemiological studies is usually achieved by means of a questionnaire. Little work has been done to determine which questionnaire format has greater validity in an elderly population. In this study of elderly subjects, physical activity as reported in two self-administered questio...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(92)90071-t
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In perinatology "Outcome" is almost always defined in terms of mortality or serious morbidity. Evaluation of care for normal pregnancy and midwifery care in particular cannot rely only on outcome measures per se, but must also take the means and interventions by which these are achieved into account. Perinatal Backgro...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(95)00549-8
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although developed societies have undergone many profound changes during recent decades, including urbanization, increased traffic and aging of the populations, epidemiologic information on secular trends in profiles of injuries is limited. We investigated such trends in Finland by selecting from the National Hospital...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00346-2
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:There is a growing evidence base on methods to improve response rates in surveys among patients. This study aimed to determine the additional effect of two intensive follow-up procedures compared to a simple follow-up procedure. METHODS:Randomized controlled trial that compared repeated mailin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.03.002
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We develop a stochastic model of screening for ovarian cancer with serum levels of the CA 125 radioimmunoassay, a tumor-specific marker. The natural history of the disease is constructed using a four stage model characterized by a multivariate distribution for duration in each stage. Preserving its important features,...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(91)90075-k
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the behavior of predictive performance measures that are commonly used in external validation of prognostic models for outcome at intensive care units (ICUs). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Four prognostic models (Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluati...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.08.011
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:When contamination is present, randomization on a patient level leads to dilution of the treatment effect. The usual solution is to randomize on a cluster level, but at the cost of efficiency and more importantly, this may introduce selection bias. Furthermore, it may slow down recruitment in ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.10.003
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:In many observational studies, the association between drugs and disease is analyzed with information from a baseline interview. We investigated the magnitude and direction of exposure misclassification by comparing interview data at baseline with prospectively gathered pharmacy data. METHODS:...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.12.017
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To validate the prognostic accuracy of a previously proposed comorbidity index using information of a different and separate population-based cohort. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We assessed the predictive accuracy of a comorbidity index to predict mortality by looking at calibration and discrimination in the de...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.09.006
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The duration of protection offered by Pap screening for cervical cancer was examined using data on 101 cases of invasive cervical cancer and 396 controls from a Maryland case-control study. Receipt of a Pap test up to 4 years ago afforded significant protection, compared to women screened 11 or more years ago, or neve...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(89)90166-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A standardized examination protocol was developed for the assessment of low back disorders in primary care. The protocol was found feasible in the occupational health service setting. The interexaminer repeatability between an occupational physician and an occupational physiotherapist was good for most items. The pred...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00266-7
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationships between study quality, author prestige, journal impact factors, and citation rates of trials and to examine whether journal impact factors mediated the relationships between study quality and author prestige on citation rates. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We used bibliometric data fr...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.01.028
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review critically appraises 22 recent articles of trials of physical activity, as a means of reducing blood pressure. The quality of the literature remains poor and of the 13 controlled trials of habitual activity only one did not have a major design fault. Overall, blood pressure was reduced by physical activity...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(92)90093-3
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the relative responsiveness of generic and specific quality of life instruments in 43 randomized controlled trials that compared head-to-head 31 generic and 84 specific instruments. Using weighted effect size as the metric of responsiveness, we assessed the impact of instrument type, disease category, and ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00537-1
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the application of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the quality of evidence ratings in systematic reviews of complex interventions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This study examined all 40 systematic reviews published in three Cochrane Rev...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.03.014
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate a self-report version of the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST-SR). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The HOME FAST-SR was designed using expert review, pretesting and piloting. Agreement of self-reported home hazard ratings and ratings by health professionals was evaluated using the kapp...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.02.013
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigates aspects of the reliability of the Maastricht criteria list for quality assessment in systematic reviews, and whether blinded reviewing is necessary to prevent review bias. We used the data set of 12 articles from a systematic review concerning the efficacy of balneotherapy in patients with arth...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00297-7
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although CHF has been considered a risk factor for venous thromboembolism, this has not been directly studied. We hypothesized that congestive heart failure would increase the risk of venous thromboembolism in an outpatient population, and that this risk would increase as patients' ventricular function worsened. We co...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00373-5
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder of unknown cause, characterized by activation of T-lymphocytes and macrophages. A Case Control Etiologic Study of Sarcoidosis (ACCESS) is a multicenter study designed to determine the etiology of sarcoidosis. The study organization includes 10 Clinical Centers, a Clinica...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00142-0
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper focuses on the appropriateness of outcome measures to evaluate trauma care. The preventable death rate (PDR), based on the study of deceased patients only, has been the traditional measure of the impact of trauma care on improving the survival of patients with severe trauma. Another measure frequently used ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(90)90125-9
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, there has been a great deal of discussion regarding the use of administrative databases to study outcomes of medical care. A major issue in this discussion is how to classify patients in terms of characteristics such as disease-severity, comorbidities, resource needs, stability, etc. Different indices have b...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)00202-2
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to determine coronary events in a defined Sudanese population. All coronary events occurring in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, were registered during the calendar year 1989. The cold pursuit method of identifying coronary events by surveillance of routinely collected data was adopted. A total...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(96)00116-3
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess differences between three different decision-making approaches in the method of panel diagnosis as reference standard in diagnostic research. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Within a diagnostic study, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was compared using...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.09.020
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:A large number of trials remain difficult to locate or unpublished for systematic reviews. The objective of this article was to determine the usefulness of making e-mail contact with authors of clinical trials and literature reviews found in MEDLINE to identify unpublished or difficult to locat...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.11.022
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Elderly patients are inordinately affected by surgical site infections (SSIs). This study derived and internally validated a model that used routinely collected health administrative data to measure the probability of SSI in elderly patients within 30 days of surgery. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:All people exc...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.05.010
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Hypertension is a risk factor for aortic dissection. Besides hypertension, associated factors for incidence of aortic dissection are not clear. The aim of this study was to examine whether other factors exist by an epidemiologic case-control approach. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:240 consecutive cases suffering ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.09.010
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work has suggested that recall bias in case-control studies may be more serious when the overall study quality is lower. This paper summarizes a systematic literature search to examine the question. All relevant studies published between 1966 and 1990 were included if they met the following criteria: (1) they...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(94)00132-a
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The prospective investigation of repetitive nonfatal suicidal behavior is associated with two methodological problems. Due to the commonly used definitions of nonfatal suicidal behavior, clinical samples usually consist of patients with a considerable between-person variability. Second, repeate...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.10.010
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The traditional approach in epidemiology of relating exposure to an environmental agent such as a drug or infective agent has been to measure an overall risk (i.e., average and then "adjust risk for demographic variables and other confounders"). An attempt is sometimes made to define a "susceptible" subgroup. The anal...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00052-8
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify key principles of graph construction and to review guidance on graph construction provided by medical journals. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Review of a prevailing model of graph comprehension and survey of authors' instructions for all 120 core medical journals as indexed by PubMed. RESULTS:Graph ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.12.016
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
