Abstract:
AIMS:To investigate whether tobacco smoke directly injures retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and to evaluate the mechanisms of cell death. METHODS:Primary rat RGCs were harvested from 3- or 4-day-old newborn rats and exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Cell viability was determined by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for Bcl-2 family. Autophagy was also assessed by Western immunoblots for light chain (LC) 3B. RESULTS:When the primary RGCs were exposed to CSE for 2 h, cell viability decreased in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by ATP assay. In the presence of 0.05% CSE, the RGC viability was 77.68% ± 7.60% compared to the control cells; in the presence of 1.0% CSE, viability was 47.48% ± 2.56% of the control cells. As determined by TUNEL, CSE increased the apoptotic RGCs in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of 0.05% CSE, the apoptosis was 26.55% ± 1.97% of the control cells; in the presence of 2.5% CSE, it was 41.07% ± 3.75% of the control cells. When apoptosis was evaluated using real-time RT-PCR, exposure to 0.05% CSE resulted in significantly increased expression of Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, and Bcl-XL mRNA. When autophagy was assessed by Western immunoblots, exposure to 0.05% CSE significantly increased the expression of LC3B II. CONCLUSIONS:Our data suggest that CSE directly injures primary RGCs, and both cell death mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy seem to be related to this CSE-induced RGC damage.
journal_name
Curr Eye Resjournal_title
Current eye researchauthors
Lee K,Hong S,Seong GJ,Kim CYdoi
10.3109/02713683.2015.1119856subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-01 00:00:00pages
1367-1372issue
10eissn
0271-3683issn
1460-2202journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To study the effect of Na-K pump and K(ATP) channel inhibition on the diameter and the adenosine-induced vasodilation of small retinal arterioles. METHODS:Thirty isolated porcine arterioles with a diameter of approximately 70 microm were mounted in a double-barrelled pipette system placed in an organ bath, and...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/ceyr.25.1.23.9966
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Acyclovir has been shown to be effective in preventing recurrent herpes simplex virus lesions of the genitalia and oral labia. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of acyclovir on the appearance of infectious virus in the peripheral nervous system and in an end organ, the eye. MATERIALS...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713680490504560
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of repeated exposures to UV-A (335 nm) and UV-B (305 nm) radiation on the crystalline lens were studied by treating cultured bovine lenses daily or weekly. The effects of irradiation on lens optical quality were monitored using an automated scanning laser system that records both relative transmittance and...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713689409167301
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: Notch signaling plays a vital role in the differentiation and proliferation of corneal epithelial cells from limbal stem cells. The temporal regulation of Notch signaling during this differentiation remains unknown. Hence, we investigated the importance of temporal activation/blockage of Notch signaling durin...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713683.2019.1673436
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the retinal sensitivity, using Microperimeter and the morphological changes in retinal layers, using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), between myopes and age-matched emmetropes. METHODS:Twenty-nine myopic eyes and 29 emmetropic eyes were enrolled in this prospective case control...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2011.599105
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSES:To investigate whether valproic acid (VPA) has a neuroprotective effect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat retina, and to elucidate the potential antioxidant mechanisms involved. METHODS:Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham (group A), sham plus VPA (group B), I...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2011.653616
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intraocular inflammatory reaction in a murine model of herpes simplex keratouveitis was studied using immunohistochemical techniques. 5 x 10(5) PFU of HSV-1 (Stewart strain) was applied to the abraded cornea of BALB/c mice. The subsequent development of keratouveitis was documented by sequential examination, conve...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713688909013892
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the agreement of angular locations of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect margins in glaucomatous eyes by using red-free fundus photographs and Cirrus high-definition optical coherence tomography (OCT) RNFL deviation and thickness maps. METHODS:We examined 380 RNFL defects that showed clear ...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2014.900805
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To measure the cell size and cell density in five layers of the central cornea in the widely used inbred C57BL/6 mouse strain using in vivo three-dimensional (3D) two-photon (2PH) imaging. METHODS:Corneas were scanned using a 2PH laser scanning fluorescence microscope after staining with plasma membrane stain ...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2015.1031253
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult albino mice received tritiated thymidine either injected subcutaneously (333 microCi) every 6 hours for up to 36 hours, or administered in their drinking water for up to 74 days (about 45 microCi/day). Tissue sections were examined with autoradiography to determine the distribution of the label. Animals receivin...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713688809047029
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess changes in retinal vascular caliber in response to short-term use of nepafenac eye drops in patients with mild diabetic macular edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty-four patients with previously untreated bilateral mild diabetic macular edema were included in this prospective study. For each participa...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02713683.2017.1399425
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::About 55% of the acyl groups of dog and human vitreous are unsaturated fatty acids. The major components are oleate (18:1, n-9) and arachidonate (20:4, n-6) with moderate amounts of linoleate (18:2, n-6) and docosahexaenoate (22:6, n-3). Palmitate (16:0) and stearate (18:0) are the major saturated fatty acids. There a...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713688609015113
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to the retinal S antigen were obtained by fusion of spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse immunized with purified bovine S antigen and NS-1 myeloma cells. Six cloned hybridomas were selected and expanded as large scale cultures and as ascites in mice. The specificity of the antibo...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713688409000800
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the immediate effect of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution on tear MUC5AC concentration, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive goblet cells, and tear film stability in normal and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) rat models. METHODS:Rats were divided into normal and KCS groups. 3% of diquafosol solutio...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713683.2016.1233986
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Accumulation of lipoprotein-derived lipids including esterified and unesterified cholesterol in Bruch's membrane of human eyes is a major age-related change involved in initiating and sustaining soft drusen in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The apolipoprotein (apo) A-I mimetic peptide 4F is a small ant...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713683.2017.1370118
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The normal aqueous humor contains a variety of soluble immunosuppressive factors, including transforming growth factor-beta, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. These factors are largely the secretory products of parenchymal cells of the iris and ciliary body. TGF beta has recently...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/02713689208999510
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantify the impact of posterior cornea on toric IOL calculation accuracy using Placido-topography of anterior corneal surface and Scheimpflug measurements of corneal thickness. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Three-hundred seventy-nine non-selected eyes undergoing cataract surgery with non-toric intraocular lens (IO...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2014.959708
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two alternative methods for the study of the lens cytoskeleton are described which serve to overcome some of the difficulties imparted by the unique biology of the lens. The first technique involves rapid freezing, thick sectioning, and selective extraction and/or fixation of the lens section. This approach offers sev...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713689008997582
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Maintaining mature and viable retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) in vitro has proven challenging. Investigating compounds that can promote RPE-viability and maturation is motivated by RPE transplantation research, the quest to understand RPE physiology, and a desire to modulate RPE in pathological states. W...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713683.2020.1809001
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE/AIM:Cultured autologous oral mucosal epithelial cells (OMECs) have proven useful in the treatment of ocular surface disorders. This study is the first to investigate the potential of expanding OMEC in a xenobiotic- and serum-free medium using therapeutic contact lenses (CLs) as a substrate and carrier. MATERIA...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2015.1004720
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To characterize the pupil light reflex (PLR), electroretinographic (ERG) and tonometric parameters in healthy rat eyes. METHODS:Brown Norway rats were used for experiments. The PLR was evaluated with a computerized pupillometer (n = 27), ERGs were recorded simultaneously from both eyes (n = 27) and IOP was mea...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/ceyr.25.2.69.10156
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine retinal vessel diameter variations in response to neuronal activity induced by diffuse luminance flicker. METHODS:The diameter of retinal arteries and veins was measured in 9 normal subjects by computer analysis of fundus pictures taken in monochromatic light under normal conditions of illuminatio...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/ceyr.16.12.1252.5021
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) is a microfibrillopathy involving disordered elastogenesis. Abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) production underlies the pathophysiology of PXF. The enzyme Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and its isoforms are known to cross-link the elastin and collagen. Though the etiopathogensis of PXF is not well...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2015.1125505
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies have suggested that corneal fibrosis controlled by a TGFbeta-mediated cytocrine pathway underlies the development of clinical corneal haze and associated regression of photoablative effect following excimer laser PRK. Using a unique blocking antibody, we evaluated the role of TGFbeta in post-PR...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare patient satisfaction and experience after external dacryocystorhinostomy (EX-DCR) versus transcanalicular DCR (TC-DCR) with a diode laser and to evaluate the change in quality of life following simultaneous bilateral DCR. METHODS:Prospective evaluation of 38 eyes of 19 patients with bilateral nasolacrim...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2012.658488
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An image analyser installed in a 16 bit personal computer was used to measure grey levels in red free photographs of normal and glaucomatous eyes. Regional photographic image intensity and density were correlated with Humphrey Field Analyser results for corresponding areas of visual field. Two methods for standardisin...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713688809033210
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate changes in biometric parameters in myopic eyes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:412 eyes of 412 young myopic patients underwent ophthalmic examinations including assessments of refractive error, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and central corneal thickness (CCT). By using spectral domain opt...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713683.2015.1130229
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 4 (IL-4) may play a role in the development of allergic disease. We questioned whether IL-4 related phenomenon occurred on the surface of the conjunctiva during allergic conjunctivitis. Ten patients with cedar pollen-allergic conjunctivitis and 10 patients with postsurgical conjunctivitis were enrolled in ...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/02713689608997415
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To learn if peripheral nerve pathways are necessary for corneal expansion and anterior segment growth under a 12-hr light:dark cycle or for the inhibition of corneal expansion under constant light rearing. METHODS:Recently hatched White Leghorn chicks under anesthesia received unilateral ciliary ganglionectomy...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02713680600738127
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines on the human fetal retinal pigment epithelium's (HFRPE) expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and costimulatory molecules. METHODS:Pure cultures of HFRPE cells were isolated. HFRPE cells were incuba...
journal_title:Current eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/ceyr.23.4.285.5456
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00