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Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise for ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to test the feasibility and impact of a 10-wk after-school exercise program for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or disruptive behavior disorders living in an urban poor community. METHODS:Children were randomized to an exercise program (n = 19) or a comparable but sedentary attention control program (n = 16). Cognitive and behavioral outcomes were collected pre-/posttest. Intent-to-treat mixed models tested group-time and group-time-attendance interactions. Effect sizes were calculated within and between groups. RESULTS:Feasibility was evidenced by 86% retention, 60% attendance, and average 75% maximum HR. Group-time results were null on the primary outcome, parent-reported executive function. Among secondary outcomes, between-group effect sizes favored exercise on hyperactive symptoms (d = 0.47) and verbal working memory (d = 0.26), and controls on visuospatial working memory (d = -0.21) and oppositional defiant symptoms (d = -0.37). In each group, within-group effect sizes were moderate to large on most outcomes (d = 0.67 to 1.60). A group-time-attendance interaction emerged on visuospatial working memory (F[1,33] = 7.42, P < 0.05), such that attendance to the control program was related to greater improvements (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), whereas attendance to the exercise program was not (r = 0.25, P = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS:Although between-group findings on the primary outcome, parent-reported executive function, were null, between-group effect sizes on hyperactivity and visuospatial working memory may reflect adaptations to the specific challenges presented by distinct formats. Both groups demonstrated substantial within-group improvements on clinically relevant outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of programmatic features, such as routines, engaging activities, behavior management strategies, and adult attention, and highlight the potential for after-school programs to benefit children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behavior disorder living in urban poverty where health needs are high and services resources few.

journal_name

Med Sci Sports Exerc

journal_title

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors

Bustamante EE,Davis CL,Frazier SL,Rusch D,Fogg LF,Atkins MS,Marquez DX

doi

10.1249/MSS.0000000000000891

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-07-01 00:00:00

pages

1397-407

issue

eissn

0195-9131

issn

1530-0315

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章,随机对照试验

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Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise for ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders.