The effects of acute dopamine reuptake inhibition on performance.

abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), 75 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), or combination of MPA and VPA. However, few epidemiological studies have examined whether the general population can derive equal health benefits from MPA ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kikuchi H,Inoue S,Lee IM,Odagiri Y,Sawada N,Inoue M,Tsugane S

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Body composition has become a major field of interest for many exercise and sport scientists as well as clinicians who specialize in the prevention of and rehabilitation from hypokinetic diseases. This paper discusses the state of the art within selected areas of body composition, identifying significant areas of cont...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wilmore JH

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause of the "yips" from those that appear to be nondystonic. METHODS:Twenty-seven golfers completed 10 two-handed and 10 right hand-only putts. Surface EMG assessed forearm muscle co-contraction and motion detectors moni...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Adler CH,Temkit M,Crews D,McDaniel T,Tucker J,Hentz JG,Marquardt C,Abraham D,Caviness JN

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The accurate determination of limitations in physical activity is important in evaluating patients with heart failure and in assessing the efficacy of treatment. However, the conventional measures used to evaluate hemodynamics, functional class, and exercise capacity all have limitations. Our objective was to...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Asakuma S,Fujiwara M,Ohyanagi M,Iwasaki T

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:An augmented pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) response may explain exercise intolerance in some humans. However, routine use of exercise hemodynamic testing is limited by a lack of data from normal older men and women. Our objective was to evaluate the exercise PAWP response and the potential for sexual d...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Esfandiari S,Wright SP,Goodman JM,Sasson Z,Mak S

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and evaluate the accuracy of a portable telemetric oxygen uptake analyzer (K2). Two experiments were carried out: a) using a mechanical lung, the accuracy of the K2 to measure oxygen fractions and minute ventilation following 10 and 60 min of warm-up was determin...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Crandall CG,Taylor SL,Raven PB

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Sedentary Sphere is a method for the analysis, identification, and visual presentation of sedentary behaviors from a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer. PURPOSE:This study aimed to introduce the concept of the Sedentary Sphere and to determine the accuracy of posture classification from wrist acceleromet...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rowlands AV,Olds TS,Hillsdon M,Pulsford R,Hurst TL,Eston RG,Gomersall SR,Johnston K,Langford J

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association of physical activity to the initiation of health risk behaviors was examined in a 3-yr prospective study of a population-based cohort of 1245 adolescents aged 12-16 yr. Four hundred thirty-seven students (35% of the cohort) were identified at baseline via self-report survey as never having smoked cigar...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Aaron DJ,Dearwater SR,Anderson R,Olsen T,Kriska AM,Laporte RE

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of shoes and foot orthotics on running economy and selected frontal plane knee kinematics during the support phase of running. Twenty-one male runners who had been fitted with orthotics served as subjects. Subjects participated in three submaximal runs on a tr...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Burkett LN,Kohrt WM,Buchbinder R

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (hereafter fitness) with incident glaucoma in a prospective observational study. METHODS:Physical activity was measured by self-reported leisure-time activities, and fitness was measured by maximal treadmill test. I...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Meier NF,Lee DC,Sui X,Blair SN

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forces that are repeatedly applied to the body could lead to positive remodeling of a structure if the forces fall below the tensile limit of the structure and if sufficient time is provided between force applications. On the other hand, an overuse injury could result if there is inadequate rest time between applied f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hreljac A

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Supplementation with inorganic nitrate has been suggested to be an ergogenic aid for athletes as nitric oxide donor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ingestion of inorganic sodium nitrate benefits well-trained athletes performing a 40-min exercise test in laboratory conditions. In addition, we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bescós R,Ferrer-Roca V,Galilea PA,Roig A,Drobnic F,Sureda A,Martorell M,Cordova A,Tur JA,Pons A

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:beta2 adrenergic agonists are widely used as doping agents. Their side effects on bone, especially microarchitecture, remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic clenbuterol and salbutamol treatment on bones of growing rats. METHODS:Twelve-week-old Wistar female rats were d...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bonnet N,Brunet-Imbault B,Arlettaz A,Horcajada MN,Collomp K,Benhamou CL,Courteix D

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in body composition, fat distribution and lipoprotein lipids in response to weight loss elicited by a 10-month program of hypocaloric diet (HD) therapy alone or combined with aerobic exercise training (AEX+HD) were examined in sedentary obese older males. Body composition was assessed by hydrodensitometry and ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Dengel DR,Hagberg JM,Coon PJ,Drinkwater DT,Goldberg AP

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inappropriate cushioning and/or tractional characteristics of sports surfaces are assumed to increase surface-related injuries in various sports activities. Various tests assessing cushioning and frictional properties are currently in use to evaluate sports surfaces with respect to their potential to reduce the number...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nigg BM

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of steady state exercise on the power spectrum of heart rate variability were studied in 19 healthy subjects. Continuous ECG signals were recorded during 1) 15 min of rest in the supine state, 2) 10 min of standing, 3) 10 min of steady state exercise at 50% of maximum predicted power output on a cycle ergo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kamath MV,Fallen EL,McKelvie R

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Closed rupture of the flexor tendon sheath has been known to occur in the elite rock climbing population. However, only one study has investigated the prevalence of this entity. PURPOSE:To examine an elite climbing group in this country for the prevalence of pulley rupture and report on other commonly occur...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rohrbough JT,Mudge MK,Schilling RC

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We examined bilateral bone mineral density (BMD) in the arms of female college gymnasts to assess the relative contribution of high-impact loading forces versus daily activities on bone plasticity. METHODS:Twenty-five female collegiate gymnasts and 25 controls were studied. BMD of the lumbar spine, proximal fe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Proctor KL,Adams WC,Shaffrath JD,Van Loan MD

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two goals of this study were: 1) to establish a stimulation pattern which would drive the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle of the dog, in situ, to maximal work rate, W, and 2) to determine whether the surgical isolation of the circulation of this muscle, necessary to measure the muscle flow, Q, reduced the muscle's ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stainsby WN,Andrew GM

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Existing studies have failed to provide evidence of a positive effect on exercise performance by wearing compression short tights covering only both thighs. This could be due to an inadequate pressure intensity that otherwise has a significant effect if applied on the crucial point in the thigh. This study aime...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Miyamoto N,Kawakami Y

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the maximum oxygen uptake V0(2max) of elite endurance athletes and to explain why the body mass exponent, necessary to render V0(2max) independent of body mass, appears to be greater than 0.67. METHODS:Study 1: V0(2max) of 174 international sportsmen and women was assessed. Athletes were recruited f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nevill A,Brown D,Godfrey R,Johnson P,Romer L,Stewart AD,Winter EM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine change in physical fitness and body composition after a military deployment to Afghanistan. METHODS:One hundred and ten infantry soldiers were measured before and after a 9-month deployment to Afghanistan for Operation Enduring Freedom. Measurements included treadmill peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sharp MA,Knapik JJ,Walker LA,Burrell L,Frykman PN,Darakjy SS,Lester ME,Marin RE

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Studies have shown that absolute intensity of physical activity is associated with reduced risk of preeclampsia. This analysis was performed to examine whether relative intensity may also be related to preeclampsia risk. METHODS:Using data from a case-control study conducted from 1998 to 2002, the authors asse...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rudra CB,Williams MA,Lee IM,Miller RS,Sorensen TK

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Increased serum testosterone (TST) occurs in response to resistance exercise and is associated with increased muscle mass. However, the effects of elevated TST and sequential resistance exercise bouts on androgen receptor (AR) expression in humans are not well known. This study examined three sequential bouts o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Willoughby DS,Taylor L

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data on immune status of exercising and sedentary exclusively lactating women. Dietary intake and body composition were also investigated to determine whether they related to immune function. METHODS:Healthy, exclusively breastfeeding women with a body mass ind...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lovelady CA,Fuller CJ,Geigerman CM,Hunter CP,Kinsella TC

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness, lipids, and apolipoproteins in a cross-sectional study using a two-stage probability sample of the population of Northern Ireland. The main outcome measures were physical fitness using VO2max estimated by extrapolation from subma...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： MacAuley D,McCrum EE,Stott G,Evans AE,Duly E,Trinick TR,Sweeney K,Boreham CA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study tested the hypothesis that exercise training improves myocardial blood flow and regional myocardial contractile function in a lateral border zone located adjacent to the ischemic zone during coronary artery occlusion. METHODS:Fourteen dogs were subjected to either 12 wk of dynamic exercise training ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Brandt MA,Gwirtz PA

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The prevalences of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol all decrease with increased levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether these reductions extend beyond contemporary guideline activity levels and whether fitness affects medication use independent of activity, remains unclear...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Williams PT,Franklin B

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:A cyclical operational model is proposed to examine the interrelationship of a number of factors that are involved in sports injury epidemiology. In sports injury research, investigations often attempt to identify a unique risk factor that distinguishes an injured player. However, a wide variety of factors can ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gissane C,White J,Kerr K,Jennings D

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Physical exercise or hypoxic exposure influences hemorheology and acid-base homeostasis. Band 3 protein in erythrocytes modulates cells' rheological properties and anion transport ability. This study investigated how cycling aerobic interval training (AIT) and moderate continuous training (MCT) affect the rheol...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chou SL,Huang YC,Fu TC,Hsu CC,Wang JS

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00