Alternative Medicine and the Ethics Of Commerce.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong share similar perceptions with their Western counterparts regarding their capacity for autonomous decision-making, and secondarily whether Chinese parents underestimate their adolescent children's desire and capacity for autonomous decision-making. MET...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hui E

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 'New Threats to Academic Freedom' Francesca Minerva argues that anonymity for the authors of controversial articles is a prerequisite for academic freedom in the Internet age. This argument draws its intellectual and emotional power from the author's account of the reaction to the on-line publication of ' After-bir...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Baker R

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inevitable need for rationing of healthcare has apparently presented the medical profession with the dilemma of choosing the lesser of two evils. Physicians appear to be obliged to adopt either an implausible version of traditional professional ethics or an equally problematic ethics of bedside rationing. The form...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Lauridsen S

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As bioethics emerged in the 1960s and 1970s and began to have enormous impacts on the practice of medicine and research--fuelled, by broad socio-political changes that gave rise to the struggles of women, African Americans, gay men and lesbians, and the antiauthoritarianism impulse that characterised the New Left in d...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Bayer R,Fairchild AL

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Observers who note the increasing popularity of bioethics discussions often complain that the social sciences are poorly represented in discussions about things like abortion and stem-cell research. Critics say that bioethicists should be incorporating the methods and findings of social scientists, and should move tow...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Herrera C

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respect for autonomy is problematic in relation to public health programmes such as vaccination, as the success of such programmes depends on widespread compliance. European countries have different policies for dealing with objectors to vaccination programmes. In some countries compliance is compulsory, while in othe...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Asveld L

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The progress of genetic knowledge magnifies existing ethical problems in medical genetics. Among the most troubling types of problems -- for medicine, patients, and the larger society -- are those of privacy and disclosure. Examples of the range of problems involving privacy and disclosure are: 1) disclosure of fals...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Wertz DC,Fletcher JC

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores the legal and ethical concept of human subject research in order to determine whether genetic research with already available biosamples and data falls within this concept. Although the ethical concept seems to have evolved to recognize research based on data as human research, from a supranational...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Pormeister K

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of philosophers in recent times have employed arguments to show that there is no morally relevant difference between killing a patient and allowing that patient to die in those circumstances where the outcome is virtually identical and where death is preventable, at least for a significant time. From his per...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Thornton J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper I discuss the view that the appropriate concept of competence is a decision-relative one: that a person may be competent to make one decision but not another. The argument that I present is that neither of the two competing theories supporting the decision-relative approach, internalism and externalism, ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Buller T

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distinction between stakeholders and shareholders frequently employed in business ethics can illuminate challenges faced by a bioethics advisory panel. I use the distinction to reflect back on the work of an advisory panel on which I served, a panel on US transplant policy. The panel hearings were akin to a shareh...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Mongoven AM

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2017 and 2019, two research teams claimed 'proof of principle' for artificial womb technology (AWT). AWT has long been a subject of speculation in bioethical literature, with broad consensus that it is a welcome development. Despite this, little attention is afforded to more immediate ethical problems in the develo...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Romanis EC

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This discussion paper continues the debate over risk-related standards of mental competence which appears in Bioethics 5. Dan Brock there defends an approach to mental competence in patients which defines it as being relative to differing standards, more or less rigorous depending on the degree of risk involved in pro...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Wilks I

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been argued that there can be no person-regarding reasons for practising genetic therapy, since it affects identity and causes to exist an individual who would not otherwise have existed. And there can be no such reasons for causing somebody to exist because existing cannot be better for an individual than neve...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Persson I

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Principle of Agency says that if it would be good for a state of affairs to occur "naturally," then it is permissable to take action to bring it about. This contradicts the views of some bioethicists, who object to euthanasia, in vitro fertilization, and cloning, even though they acknowledge that the states of aff...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Rachels J

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to describe the scientific background to the current ethical and legislative debates about the generation and use of human stem cells, and to give an overview of the ethical issues underlying these debates. The ethical issues discussed are 1) stem cells and the status of the embryo, 2) wom...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Holm S

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article will explore whether the law should allow people with anorexia nervosa to refuse nutrition and hydration with special reference to the English decision in Re E (Medical Treatment: Anorexia). It argues that the judge in that case made the correct decision in holding that the patient, who suffered from seve...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Ip EC

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In From Chance to Choice, Allen Buchanan, Dan Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel Wikler propose a new way of defending the moral significance of the distinction between genetic treatments and enhancements. They develop what they call a 'normal function model' of equality of opportunity and argue that it offers a 'limite...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Holtug N

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The systems approach is a widely accepted method for addressing healthcare adverse events. However, when adverse events are behavioral in nature, such as self-injury or aggression, a systems approach can restrict patient autonomy. We propose guidelines for balancing safety and autonomy considerations when developing s...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Zhong R,Wasser T

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Western studies of national differences in pain have indicated that pain tolerance is higher in white than in Asian patients. The authors' clinical experiences in China seem to contradict this conclusion, and they have investigated the incidence or prevalence of some pain syndromes and have made comparisons with West...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hu YH,Fang NY

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper considers Habermas' model of a post-secular political order in the light of the debate on male circumcision that arose in Germany after a court ruled that male circumcision was an unjustifiable act of bodily harm. Central to this model is the idea that religious reasons can only become effective in central ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Greve J

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incompetent patients need to have someone else make decisions on their behalf. According to the Substituted Judgment Standard the surrogate decision maker ought to make the decision that the patient would have made, had he or she been competent. Objections have been raised against this traditional construal of the sta...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Johansson M,Broström L

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germline genome editing is often disapproved of at the international policy level because of its possible threats to human dignity. However, from a critical perspective the relationship between this emerging technology and human dignity is relatively understudied. We explore the main principles that are referred to wh...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Segers S,Mertes H

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I reflect on the past, present, and future of the field of bioethics. In so doing, I offer a very situated overview of where bioethics has been, where it now is, where it seems to be going, where I think we could do better, and where I dearly hope the field will be heading. I also propose three ways of re-orienting ou...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Sherwin S

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Jansen and Wall suggest a new way of defending hard paternalism in clinical research. They argue that non-therapeutic research exposing people to more than minimal risk should be banned on egalitarian grounds: in preventing poor decision-makers from making bad decisions, we will promote equality of welfare. We argue t...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Edwards SJ,Wilson J

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ought we to improve our cognitive capacities beyond the normal human range? It might be a good idea to level out differences between peoples cognitive capacities; and some people's reaching beyond normal capacities may have some good side-effects on society at large (but also bad side-effects, of course). But is there...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Tännsjö T

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent ethical and legal challenges have arisen concerning the rights of individuals over their IVF embryos, leading to questions about how, when the wishes of parents regarding their embryos conflict, such situations ought to be resolved. A notion commonly invoked in relation to frozen embryo disputes is that of repr...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Chan S,Quigley M

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2001, Julian Savulescu wrote an article entitled 'Procreative Beneficence: Why We Should Select the Best Children', in which he argued for the genetic selection of intelligence in children. That article contributes to a debate on whether genetic research on intelligence should be undertaken at all and, if so, shoul...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Birch K

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, we argue that a critical examination of epistemological and anthropological presuppositions might lead to a more fruitful use of theory in clinical-ethical practice. We differentiate between two views of conceptualizing ethics, referring to Charles Taylors' two epistemological models: 'monological' ve...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Ohnsorge K,Widdershoven G

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An established ethical principle of biomedical research involving human subjects stipulates that risk to subjects should be proportionate to an experiment's potential benefits. Sometimes this principle is imprecisely stated as a requirement that 'risks and benefits' be balanced. First, it is noted why this language is...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Van Ness P

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00