Abstract：
:To clarify the immunotoxicity of benzene, the effects of benzene inhalation on T and B lymphocytes and immune responses in mice were examined. BALB/c male mice were exposed to 50 or 200 ppm benzene vapor, 6 hr/day for 7 or 14 consecutive days. T and B lymphocytes, in blood and spleen, were detected by the cytotoxicity assay with anti-Thy-1.2 monoclonal antibody and the membrane immunofluorescence test with anti-immunoglobulin antibody, respectively. Humoral immune response to sheep red blood cells was determined by the hemolytic plaque-forming cell assay. Cell-mediated immune response was measured by contact sensitivity (CS) to picryl chloride. The activity of suppressor cells was evaluated in spleen by the suppressive effect on passive transfer of CS. The ratio and absolute number of T and B lymphocytes in blood and spleen were depressed after a 7-day exposure at 50 ppm benzene. The depression of B lymphocytes was dose dependent and more intense than that of T lymphocytes. The ability to form antibodies was suppressed by benzene at all exposure levels, but the CS response was resistant to benzene inhalation and rather enhanced at 200 ppm exposure for 14 days. The activity of suppressor cells could not be detected at this dose level. These data show that benzene inhalation effects on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses are a result of the selective toxicity of benzene to B lymphocytes and suppressor T cells.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Aoyama Kdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(86)90390-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-08-01 00:00:00pages
92-101issue
1eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the evaluation of chemical mixture toxicity, it is desirable to develop an evaluation paradigm which incorporates some critical attributes of real world exposures, particularly low dose levels, larger numbers of chemicals, and chemicals from synthetic and natural sources. This study evaluated the impact of low leve...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.029
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following exposure to 2 ppm ozone for 4 hr, two distinct effects on rat lung inflammatory cell oxidant generation were observed. TPA- and opsonized zymosan-stimulated superoxide production by the inflammatory cell population was found to be maximally inhibited 24 hr following ozone exposure. In contrast, luminol-ampli...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90005-7
更新日期：1989-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We expressed rat Na(v)1.6 sodium channels in combination with the rat beta(1) and beta(2) auxiliary subunits in Xenopus laevis oocytes and evaluated the effects of the pyrethroid insecticides S-bioallethrin, deltamethrin, and tefluthrin on expressed sodium currents using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique. S-Bi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2010.07.001
更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that targets skin where it induces large blisters. DNA alkylation is a critical step to explain SM-induced cutaneous symptoms. We determined the kinetics of formation of main SM-DNA adducts and compare it with the development of the SM-induced pathogenesis in skin. SKH-1...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.010
更新日期：2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium/Hg interactions have been studied in the TC7 clone of the enterocytic-like Caco-2 cells to test the hypothesis that these metals may compete for intestinal transport. Comparison of the kinetic parameter values for 203Hg(II) and 109Cd(II) uptake in a serum-free medium revealed that Hg is accumulated much more r...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(03)00085-1
更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Acrolein is a highly toxic, volatile, unsaturated aldehyde generated during incomplete combustion as in tobacco smoke and indoor fires. Because the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel mediates tobacco smoke-induced lung injury, we assessed its role in high-level acrolein-induced toxicity in mice. Ac...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.028
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to assess the effects of long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) on the renal metabolism of eicosanoids, the urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) was determined in 37 workers exposed to Cd and...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(92)90294-3
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biochemical mechanism involved in cadmium-induced cellular injury remains to be elucidated. Various theories have been proposed to account for this action, one of which is an interaction with reduced sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membranes. The ability of a known SH group reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), to inter...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90197-3
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 52 monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were dosed orally with vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg/day of lead on one of four dosing regimens (13 monkeys/group): Group 1, vehicle only; Group 2, dosed with lead from birth onward; Group 3, dosed with lead from birth to 400 days of age and vehicle thereafter; Group 4, dosed with ve...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90251-o
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An earlier study indicated that percutaneous absorption of a 40-nmol dose of TCDD decreased with aging in rats, suggesting that the potential for systemic exposure following dermal contact would be decreased in older age groups. In this study, maturational changes in potential for systemic exposure to TCDD following d...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1993.1062
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of chemicals cause a nephrotoxic syndrome in male rats, referred to as protein droplet or alpha 2u-globulin (alpha 2u) nephropathy. To evaluate the potential human risk for developing a similar chemically-induced protein-mediated nephrotoxic response, the low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LMWPF) was isol...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1993.1064
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxicological and biochemical effects of muconaldehyde, a six-carbon diene dialdehyde, were evaluated in 6- to 9-week-old CD-1 male mice. The LD50 of trans,trans-muconaldehyde was 6.7 and 7.1 mg/kg body wt when calculated by two different methods. Administration of trans,trans-muconaldehyde (2 mg/kg, ip) daily for 10 ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90396-5
更新日期：1985-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the capacity of cultured whole rat embryos to convert 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) to reactive metabolites capable of eliciting dysmorphogenic effects in the same embryos. Cultured embryos (Sprague-Dawley) were exposed to AAF for periods of 2 or 24 hr, after which metabolites were isolated from the...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90424-7
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with demonstrated potency as a chemopreventive agent in animal models of carcinogenesis and in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Because tumor promotion is generally associated with exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, it is likely that anti-inflammatory a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2003.09.030
更新日期：2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Steatosis is the characteristic type of VPA-induced hepatotoxicity and may result in life-threatening hepatic lesion. Approximately 61% of patients treated with VPA have been diagnosed with hepatic steatosis through ultrasound examination. However, the mechanisms underlying VPA-induced intracellular fat accumulation a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.022
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid rafts are microdomains of the plasma membrane enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and play an important role in the initiation of many pharmacological agent-induced signaling pathways and toxicological effects. The structure of lipid rafts is dynamic, resulting in an ever-changing content of both lipids a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.01.007
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The dermal sensitizing potencies of four diisocyanates were investigated using the mouse ear-swelling test (MEST) with BALB/cBy mice. Mice were administered topical doses of diisocyanates to the abdomen and were challenged on the ear 4 days later with a nonirritating dose of chemical. The increase in ear thickness at ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(87)90093-7
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing neuroendocrine brain represents a potential target for endocrine active chemicals. The UV filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) exhibits estrogenic activity, but also interferes with the thyroid axis. We investigated effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to 4-MBC in the same rat offspring at brain...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.026
更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The goodness of fit of three PBPK models to data for inhalation uptake of 1,3-butadiene by mice from closed chambers were compared. These models included a classical flow-limited model with blood consolidated into arterial and venous compartments, a flow-limited model with implicit blood and alveolar compartments, and...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1997.8289
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Along with hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxic side effects remain one of the major reasons for drug withdrawals and boxed warnings. Prediction methods for cardiotoxicity are insufficient. High content screening comprising of not only electrophysiological characterization but also cellular molecular alterations are expected t...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.02.008
更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Diurnal patterns of eating, drinking, locomotor activity, and rearing in male Fischer-344 rats were examined for 11 days after a single oral dose of triethyltin bromide (TET) at 0, 1.5, 3, or 5 mg/kg. The 5 mg/kg group exhibited a time-related drop in food consumption and body weight until 3 of 10 rats were sacrificed...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90342-x
更新日期：1986-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have a crucial role in protection against the toxic effects of lipophilic chemicals in the environment. UGTs such as UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A10 are exclusively expressed in gastrointestinal tissues, each with a unique tissue distribution patter...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.01.008
更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitoguazone is a known inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis through competitive inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. A recent renewed interest in mitoguazone as an antineoplastic agent prompted us to investigate the effect of the drug on polyamine catabolism in rat liver, since the organ plays an important...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.05.013
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Targeting excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent oxidative stress-associated gastrointestinal inflammation. NADPH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondrial complexes (I and II) are the major sources of ROS production contributing to TNF-α/cycloheximide (CHX)-i...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.007
更新日期：2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The restoration of plasma acetylcholinesterase activity in mice following inhibition by organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents has been attributed to synthesis of new enzyme. It is generally assumed that activity levels return to normal, are stable and do not exceed the normal level. We have observed over the pa...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.021
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylmercury (MeHg) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant which is transported into the mammalian cells when present as the methylmercury-cysteine conjugate (MeHg-Cys). With special emphasis on hepatic cells, due to their particular propensity to accumulate an appreciable amount of Hg after exposure to MeHg, this ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.010
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antineoplastic drugs cause severe cytotoxicity for normal cells, especially hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, bleomycin (BLM) is glycopeptide antibiotic that is effective on various cancers and has either low or no myelosuppression effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of BLM on 5...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.114996
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Azaspiranes are cationic amphiphilic compounds that are active in a number of models of autoimmune disease and transplantation. Repeated administration of cationic amphiphiles induces phospholipid accumulation in a variety of species. The present study was conducted to explore the mechanism of phospholipid accumulatio...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1999.8732
更新日期：1999-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Theoretical work has shown that the isobole method is not generally valid as a method for testing the absence or presence of interaction (in the biochemical sense) between chemicals. The present study illustrates how interaction can be tested by fitting a toxicodynamic model to the results of a mixture experiment. The...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.001
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PCBs are neurotoxic compounds that have a known effect on the dopaminergic system in the brain. In a previous work it was established that PCBs are potent inhibitors of the uptake of dopamine into rat brain synaptic vesicles. In this work we further investigated the vesicular dopamine uptake in response to different P...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9231
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
