Abstract:
:PCBs are neurotoxic compounds that have a known effect on the dopaminergic system in the brain. In a previous work it was established that PCBs are potent inhibitors of the uptake of dopamine into rat brain synaptic vesicles. In this work we further investigated the vesicular dopamine uptake in response to different PCBs to explore the structure-activity relationship involved in this effect. Twenty PCB congeners were selected, based on multivariate chemical characterization, to cover the chemical variation within tetra- to hepta-chlorinated PCBs. PCBs of large structural variation were tested and the general finding was that only the ortho-substituted PCBs inhibited the dopamine uptake. The most active congeners were the penta- and hexa-chlorinated PCBs. Furthermore, the uptake was correlated with parameters describing the absolute hardness, the octanol-water partition coefficient, and the Henry's law constant. These parameters are correlated to the number of chlorine atoms in ortho positions and to the size of the molecule. Notably the most active PCBs are highly prevalent in the environment and are disposed to bioaccumulate in wildlife. Thus, these neurotoxic effects should be included in the risk assessment of PCBs.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Mariussen E,Andersson PL,Tysklind M,Fonnum Fdoi
10.1006/taap.2001.9231subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
176-83issue
2eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(01)99231-2journal_volume
175pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The immunosuppressive synthetic methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), has been shown to cause both an immediate and a sustained elevation of free intracellular calcium (Ca2+) in human T cells. In the present studies, a series of anthracene- and pyrene-based PAHs were ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1161
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mass-balance study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of dose determinations of waterborne 2,5,2',5'-[14C]tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) made on transected brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and to determine any pharmacokinetic differences between the two species. The total calcu...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90002-9
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants exposed to second hand smoke (SHS) experience more problems with wheezing. This study was designed to determine if perinatal SHS exposure increases intrinsic and/or in vivo airway responsiveness to methacholine and whether potential structural/cellular alterations in the airway might explain the change in resp...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.10.018
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl palmitate (MP) has been shown earlier to inhibit Kupffer cells and rat peritoneal macrophages. To evaluate the potential of MP to inhibit the activation of other macrophages, RAW cells (macrophages of alveolar origin) were treated with varying concentrations of MP (0.25, 0.5, 1mM). Assessment of cytotoxicity us...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.04.016
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased risk of vasospasm, a spontaneous hyperconstriction, is associated with atherosclerosis, cigarette smoking, and hypertension-all conditions involving oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation. To test the role of the lipid peroxidation- and inflammation-derived aldehyde, acrolein, in human vasosp...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.09.009
更新日期:2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroform is a nongenotoxic-cytotoxic liver and kidney carcinogen and nasal toxicant in some strains and sexes of rodents. Substantial evidence indicates that tumor induction is secondary to events associated with cytolethality and regenerative cell proliferation. Therefore, pathways leading to toxicity, such as meta...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1999.8756
更新日期:1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicokinetics of deltamethrin and its metabolite 4'-HO-deltamethrin after single doses of 26 mg of deltamethrin/kg (oral) or 1.2 mg of deltamethrin/kg (intravenous) were studied in male Wistar rats. Serial blood samples were obtained after oral and intravenous administration. Brain, vas deferens, and anococcygeus...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0254
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is conflicting evidence in the literature as to the predominant mechanism and also the compositional element(s) that drives the pulmonary inflammatory response of ambient particulate matter (PM). We have investigated the inflammogenic potential of coarse (2.5-10 microm) and fine (<2.5 microm) PM from both a rura...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2003.10.002
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Formic acid is the toxic metabolite in methanol poisoning. Permanent visual damage in methanol-intoxicated humans and non-human primates has been associated with prolonged exposures (> 24 hr) to blood formate concentrations in excess of 7 mM; however, little information is available on the toxicity associated with chr...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0197
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of hepatic toxicant widely present in plants. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A plays a key role in metabolic activation of PAs to generate electrophilic metabolites, which is the main cause of hepatotoxicity. We have previously demonstrated the sex difference in developmental toxicity...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115137
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dermal sensitizing potencies of four diisocyanates were investigated using the mouse ear-swelling test (MEST) with BALB/cBy mice. Mice were administered topical doses of diisocyanates to the abdomen and were challenged on the ear 4 days later with a nonirritating dose of chemical. The increase in ear thickness at ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(87)90093-7
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has shown that chlordecone (CD)-amplified CCl4 hepatotoxicity and lethality can be mitigated by pretreatment with cyanidanol. These studies also revealed that stimulated hepatocellular regeneration might play an important role in the cyanidanol protection of CD-amplified CCl4 toxicity. The present studie...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90268-j
更新日期:1991-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model describing transfer of inhaled tetrachloroethylene (PCE) into breast milk with the consequent exposure of the nursing pups was developed and validated in lactating rats. The PBPK model was based on partition coefficients (PCs), which were determined by the equilibra...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1068
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in epidemiologic studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatic effects of a PCB mixture, Aroclor 1260, whose composition mimics human bioaccumulation patterns, in a mouse model ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.019
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) causes a multiphasic disruption of intraneuronal cation regulation. Release of Ca2+ from internal stores and entry of extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+e) contribute to the temporally distinct early (first Ca2+ phase) and late (second Ca2+ phase) components of increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1995.1236
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zidovudine (ZDV) is a thymidine analogue activated to its triphosphate (ZDVTP) by the host's intracellular enzymes. The initial phosphorylation step is conversion to ZDV monophosphate (ZDVMP). The poor affinity of ZDVMP for thymidylate kinase results in intracellular accumulation of ZDVMP. Clinical use of ZDV is assoc...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.2001.9288
更新日期:2001-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Inoculation of metallic tin powder produced marked proliferation of plasma cells and Russell body cells in draining lymph nodes. Prior, but not concurrent, administration of a soluble tin salt in the drinking water prevented the plasma cell hyperplasia. Various Na, Zn, Ag, and Cu salts were not inhibitory. The inhibit...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90359-9
更新日期:1983-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Although piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is commonly used both in vivo and in vitro as an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase (MO) activity in a wide variety of species, the effect of PBO on the hepatic MO of fishes has never been characterized. The MO activity in hepatic microsomes from rainbow trout expos...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90331-6
更新日期:1988-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary fibrosis is a consequence of severe injury from some toxic agents including high doses of ozone. It is not known, however, whether chronic exposure to low doses of ozone, such as those encountered in polluted ambient atmospheres, could also result in abnormal accumulations of lung collagen. Rats were exposed...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90184-6
更新日期:1988-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotoxin-III (CTX-III), a major cardiotoxin isolated from the venom of the Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra), is a highly basic, hydrophobic, toxic protein, which can induce lysis of mononuclear cells by an unknown mechanism. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of CTX-III on untreated and PHA-activated...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-008x(03)00327-2
更新日期:2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polyaromatic hydrocarbon produced by the combustion of cigarettes and coke ovens, is a known procarcinogen. BaP activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and induces the expression of a battery of genes, including CYP1A1, which metabolize BaP to toxic compounds. The possible role of CYP1 en...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.02.009
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the effects of long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) on the renal metabolism of eicosanoids, the urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) was determined in 37 workers exposed to Cd and...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(92)90294-3
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulforaphane (SFN), is an effective in vitro antagonist of ligand activation of the human pregnane and xenobiotic receptor (PXR). PXR mediated CYP3A4 up-regulation is implicated in adverse drug-drug interactions making identification of small molecule antagonists a desirable therapeutic goal. SFN is not an antagonist ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.029
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) acts as a 'gate-keeper' to prevent DNA damage during estrogen metabolism. Both experimental and epidemiological studies suggest the role of COMT in pathogenesis of human breast cancer (BCa). It was previously reported that inhibition of COMT enzyme activity in estradiol-treated huma...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.01.016
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to characterize the induction of metallothionein (MT) by steroids in rat primary hepatocyte cultures. Comparison of the characteristics of MT induction by a steroid (dexamethasone) to that by metals (Zn and Cd), examination of the involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor in the steroid ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(87)90242-0
更新日期:1987-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is an environmental pollutant that has been associated with an increased risk for the development of cancer and several other diseases through alterations of cellular homeostasis and hepatic function. Cytochrome P450 (P450) modification may be one of the factors contributing to these disorders. Several reports...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.11.009
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is caused by topical exposure to chemical allergens. Keratinocytes play a key role in innate immunity, as well as in ACD progression. The transmembrane Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), strongly implicated in skin inflammation, has the ability to bind Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114632
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-induced steatohepatitis is a rare form of liver injury known to be caused by only a handful of compounds. These compounds stimulate the development of steatohepatitis through their toxicity to hepatocyte mitochondria; inhibition of beta-oxidation, mitochondrial respiration, and/or oxidative phosphorylation. Other...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.022
更新日期:2015-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atmospheric ultrafine particles (UFPs) and pesticide rotenone were considered as potential environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether and how UFPs alone and in combination with rotenone affect the pathogenesis of PD remains largely unknown. METHODS:Ultrafine carbon black (ufCB...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.005
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of accumulated inorganic mercury deposits in the cortex of the calcarine sulcus of adult female Macaca fascicularis following long-term subclinical exposure to methyl-mercury (MeHg) and mercuric chloride (inorganic mercury-IHg) has been determined by autometallography. Four groups of monkeys were expo...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1995.1114
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00