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Overlap of heritable influences between cannabis use disorder, frequency of use and opportunity to use cannabis: trivariate twin modelling and implications for genetic design.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:The genetic component of Cannabis Use Disorder may overlap with influences acting more generally on early stages of cannabis use. This paper aims to determine the extent to which genetic influences on the development of cannabis abuse/dependence are correlated with those acting on the opportunity to use cannabis and frequency of use. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of 3303 Australian twins, measuring age of onset of cannabis use opportunity, lifetime frequency of cannabis use, and lifetime DSM-IV cannabis abuse/dependence. A trivariate Cholesky decomposition estimated additive genetic (A), shared environment (C) and unique environment (E) contributions to the opportunity to use cannabis, the frequency of cannabis use, cannabis abuse/dependence, and the extent of overlap between genetic and environmental factors associated with each phenotype. RESULTS:Variance components estimates were A = 0.64 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-0.70] and E = 0.36 (95% CI 0.29-0.42) for age of opportunity to use cannabis, A = 0.74 (95% CI 0.66-0.80) and E = 0.26 (95% CI 0.20-0.34) for cannabis use frequency, and A = 0.78 (95% CI 0.65-0.88) and E = 0.22 (95% CI 0.12-0.35) for cannabis abuse/dependence. Opportunity shares 45% of genetic influences with the frequency of use, and only 17% of additive genetic influences are unique to abuse/dependence from those acting on opportunity and frequency. CONCLUSIONS:There are significant genetic contributions to lifetime cannabis abuse/dependence, but a large proportion of this overlaps with influences acting on opportunity and frequency of use. Individuals without drug use opportunity are uninformative, and studies of drug use disorders must incorporate individual exposure to accurately identify aetiology.

journal_name

Psychol Med

journal_title

Psychological medicine

authors

Hines LA,Morley KI,Rijsdijk F,Strang J,Agrawal A,Nelson EC,Statham D,Martin NG,Lynskey MT

doi

10.1017/S0033291718000478

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-12-01 00:00:00

pages

2786-2793

issue

eissn

0033-2917

issn

1469-8978

pii

S0033291718000478

journal_volume

pub_type

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Overlap of heritable influences between cannabis use disorder, frequency of use and opportunity to use cannabis: trivariate twin modelling and implications for genetic design.