Hepatitis B and C virus seroprevalence, Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study.

Abstract:

Objective:To estimate population-wide hepatitis B and C seroprevalence using dried blood spot samples acquired for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance as part of the 2010-2011 Demographic and Health Survey in Burkina Faso. Methods:We used the database acquired during the multistage, clustered, population-based survey, in which 15 377 participants completed questionnaires and provided dried blood spot samples for HIV testing. We extracted sociodemographic and geographic data including age, sex, ethnicity, education, wealth, marital status and region for each participant. We performed hepatitis B and C assays on 14 886 HIV-negative samples between March to October 2015, and calculated weighted percentages of hepatitis seroprevalence for each variable. Findings:We estimated seroprevalence as 9.1% (95% confidence interval, CI: 8.5-9.7) for the hepatitis B surface antigen and 3.6% (95% CI: 3.3-3.8) for hepatitis C virus antibodies, classifying Burkina Faso as highly endemic for hepatitis B and low-intermediate for hepatitis C. The seroprevalence of hepatitis was higher in men than in women, and varied significantly for both with age, education, ethnicity and region. Extremely high HCV-Ab seroprevalence (13.2%; 95% CI: 10.6-15.7) was identified in the Sud-Ouest region, in particular within the youngest age group (15-20 years), indicating an ongoing epidemic. Conclusion:Our population-representative hepatitis seroprevalence estimates in Burkina Faso advocate for the inclusion of hepatitis serological tests and risk factor questionnaire items in future surveys, the results of which are crucial for the development of appropriate health policies and infection control programmes. Objectif:Estimer la séroprévalence du virus de l'hépatite B et de l'hépatite C dans la population au moyen de gouttes de sang séché prélevées pour la surveillance du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) dans le cadre de l'enquête démographique et sanitaire réalisée en 2010–2011 au Burkina Faso. Méthodes:Nous avons utilisé la base de données constituée durant l'enquête en grappes à plusieurs degrés menée auprès de la population, au cours de laquelle 15 377 participants ont rempli des questionnaires et fourni des échantillons de gouttes de sang séché pour le dépistage du VIH. Pour chaque participant, nous en avons extrait des données sociodémographiques et géographiques, concernant notamment l'âge, le sexe, l'origine ethnique, le niveau d'éducation, le niveau de richesse, la situation matrimoniale et la région. Nous avons effectué des tests de l'hépatite B et de l'hépatite C sur 14 886 échantillons séronégatifs pour le VIH entre mars et octobre 2015, et nous avons calculé des pourcentages pondérés de la séroprévalence de l'hépatite pour chaque variable. Résultats:Nous avons estimé la séroprévalence à 9,1% (intervalle de confiance de 95%, IC: 8,5–9,7) pour l'antigène de surface de l'hépatite B et à 3,6% (IC 95%: 3,3–3,8) pour les anticorps du virus de l'hépatite C, ce qui classait le Burkina Faso comme zone de forte endémie de l'hépatite B et d'endémie faible à intermédiaire de l'hépatite C. La séroprévalence de l'hépatite était plus élevée chez les hommes que chez les femmes et variait fortement, quel que soit le sexe, en fonction de l'âge, du niveau d'éducation, de l'origine ethnique et de la région. Une séroprévalence extrêmement élevée d'anticorps anti-VHC (13,2%; IC 95%: 10,6–15,7) a été relevée dans la région Sud-Ouest, en particulier dans la tranche d'âge la plus basse (15–20 ans), ce qui indiquait une épidémie en cours. Conclusion:D'après nos estimations de la séroprévalence de l'hépatite représentatives de la population du Burkina Faso, il serait bon d'inclure des tests sérologiques de l'hépatite et des questions sur les facteurs de risque dans les prochaines enquêtes, dont les résultats seront cruciaux pour l'élaboration de politiques de santé appropriées et de programmes de lutte contre les infections. Objetivo:estimar la seroprevalencia de la hepatitis B y C en toda la población con muestras de sangre seca obtenidas para el control del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) como parte de la Encuesta demográfica y de salud entre 2010 y 2011 en Burkina Faso. Métodos:Se utilizó la base de datos adquirida durante la encuesta multietápica, agrupada y basada en la población, en la que 15 377 participantes completaron cuestionarios y proporcionaron muestras de sangre seca para la prueba del VIH. Se extrajeron datos sociodemográficos y geográficos que incluyen edad, sexo, origen étnico, educación, nivel económico, estado civil y región de cada participante. Se realizaron pruebas de hepatitis B y C en 14 886 muestras VIH negativas entre marzo y octubre de 2015, y se calcularon porcentajes ponderados de seroprevalencia de hepatitis para cada variable. Resultados:Se estimó la seroprevalencia como el 9,1 % (intervalo de confianza 95 %, IC: 8,5-9,7) para el antígeno de superficie de la hepatitis B y el 3,6 % (IC 95 %: 3,3-3,8) para anticuerpos del virus de la hepatitis C, clasificando a Burkina Faso como una zona altamente endémica para la hepatitis B y bajo intermedio para la hepatitis C. La seroprevalencia de la hepatitis fue mayor en los hombres que en las mujeres y varió significativamente para ambos con la edad, la educación, la etnia y la región. Se identificó una seroprevalencia de HCV-Ab extremadamente alta (13,2 %; IC del 95 %: 10,6-15,7) en la región suroeste, en particular dentro del grupo de edad más joven (15-20 años), lo que indica una epidemia en curso. Conclusión:Nuestras estimaciones de seroprevalencia de hepatitis en poblacionales de Burkina Faso abogan por la inclusión de pruebas serológicas de hepatitis y elementos sobre factores de riesgo en encuestas futuras, cuyos resultados son cruciales para el desarrollo de políticas de salud apropiadas y programas de control de infecciones. الغرض:تقدير الانتشار المصلي لفيروسي الالتهاب الكبدي "ب" و"جـ" على نطاق واسع باستخدام عينات بقع دم مجففة تم الحصول عليها من أجل مراقبة فيروس العوز المناعي البشري (HIV) كجزء من المسح الديموغرافي والصحي للفترة من 2010 إلى 2011 في بوركينا فاصو. الطريقة:استخدمنا قاعدة البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها خلال المسح العنقودي متعدد المراحل، القائم على السكان، حيث أكمل 15377 مشاركًا الاستبيانات وقدموا عينات من بقع دم مجففة لاختبار فيروس العوز المناعي البشري. استخرجنا البيانات الاجتماعية والديموغرافية الجغرافية بما في ذلك العمر والجنس والعرق والتعليم والثروة والحالة الاجتماعية والمنطقة لكل مشارك. أجرينا فحوصات الالتهاب الكبدي "ب" و "جـ" على 14886 عينة سلبية لفيروس العوز المناعي البشري ما بين مارس/آذار وأكتوبر/تشرين أول 2015، واحتسبنا النسب المئوية لمعدل الانتشار المصلي للالتهاب الكبدي لكل متغير. النتائج:لقد قدرنا الانتشار المصلي بـ 9.1٪ (فاصل الثقة 95٪، 8.5 إلى 9.7) لمستضد الالتهاب الكبدي "ب" السطحي، و3.6٪ (فاصل الثقة 95٪: 3.3 إلى 3.8) للأجسام المضادة لفيروس الالتهاب الكبدي "جـ"، مع تصنيف بوركينا فاصو على أنها مستوطنة منطقة موبوءة للغاية بالالتهاب الكبدي الوبائي "ب"، وموبوءة بشكل متوسط إلى ضعيف بالالتهاب الكبدي "جـ". كان الانتشار المصلي للالتهاب الكبدي أعلى لدى الرجال منه لدى النساء، وتفاوت بشكل كبير بينهما بالنسبة لكل من العمر والتعليم والعرق والمنطقة. تم تحديد نسبة عالية للغاية من الانتشار المصلي للالتهاب الكبدي "أ" و"ب" و"جـ" (13.2٪؛ بفاصل ثقة 95٪: 10.6 إلى 15.7) في المنطقة الموجودة جنوب غرب البلاد، ولا سيما ضمن الفئة العمرية الأصغر (15 إلى 20 سنة)، مما يشير إلى استمرار الوباء. الاستنتاج:إن تقديراتنا للانتشار المصلي للالتهاب الكبدي على مستوى البلاد في بوركينا فاصو، يؤيد تضمين اختبارات علم الأمصال للالتهاب الكبدي، وعناصر استبيان عامل الخطر في المسوح المستقبلية، والتي تعتبر نتائجها حاسمة لتطوير سياسات صحية مناسبة وبرامج لمكافحة العدوى. 目的:旨在采用 2010–2011 年布基纳法索人口和健康调查中人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 监测所获取的干血斑样本来估计全人口范围内乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎血清阳性率。. 方法:我们采用了这项基于人口的多级整群调查所获得的数据资料,在这项调查中,共有 15377 名参与者完成了调查问卷并提供了用于 HIV 检测的干血斑样本。我们搜集了每位参与者的社会人口数据和地理信息数据,包括年龄、性别、种族、教育、财富、婚姻状况和地区。我们在 2015 年 3 月至 10 月期间对 14886 例 HIV 阴性样本开展了乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎检测,并计算了各个变量的肝炎血清阳性率加权百分比。. 结果:我们估算的乙型肝炎表面抗原血清阳性率为 9.1%(95% 置信区间,CI:8.5–9.7),丙型肝炎病毒抗体的血清阳性率为 3.6%(95% 置信区间,CI:3.3–3.8),布基纳法索被划分为乙型肝炎高患病率和丙型肝炎低中等患病率国家。男性肝炎血清阳性率高于女性,并且在不同年龄、教育、种族和地区之间存在显著差异。西南地区的丙型肝炎抗体血清阳性率(为 13.2%;95% 置信区间,CI:10.6–15.7)极高,尤其是在最年轻的年龄段(15-20 岁),这表明目前疾病仍在蔓延。. 结论:我们在布基纳法索的典型群体肝炎血清阳性率估计值表明我们应该将肝炎阳性率检测和风险因素问卷调查纳入今后的调查中,其结果对制定合理的医疗卫生政策和感染控制方案至关重要。. Цель:Оценка серораспространенности вирусов гепатита B и C среди населения с использованием образцов сухой капли крови, полученных в рамках надзора за распространением вируса иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ), проводившегося в ходе демографического обследования и обследования состояния здоровья населения Буркина-Фасо в 2010–2011 гг. Методы:Использовалась база данных, созданная во время проведения многоступенчатого кластерного обследования населения, в котором 15 377 участников заполнили опросники и предоставили образцы сухой капли крови для обследования на ВИЧ. Отбирались социально-демографические и географические данные участников, включая возраст, пол, этническую принадлежность, образование, уровень благосостояния, семейное положение и регион проживания каждого из участников. В период с марта по октябрь 2015 г. было проведено тестирование на наличие гепатита B и C 14 886 ВИЧ-отрицательных образцов, после чего были рассчитаны взвешенные процентные доли серораспространенности гепатита для каждой переменной. Результаты:По нашей оценке, серораспространенность составляет 9,1% (95%-й доверительный интервал, ДИ: 8,5–9,7) для поверхностного антигена гепатита B и 3,6% (95%-й ДИ: 3,3–3,8) для антител к вирусу гепатита C. Соответственно, Буркина-Фасо попадает в категорию стран с высокой распространенностью вируса гепатита B и низким и средним уровнем распространенности вируса гепатита C. Серораспространенность гепатита выше среди мужчин, чем среди женщин, и значительно различается в обеих группах в зависимости от возраста, образования, этнической принадлежности и региона проживания. Чрезвычайно высокий показатель серораспространенности антител к вирусу гепатита C (13,2%; 95%-й ДИ: 10,6–15,7) обнаружен в Юго-Западном регионе, в частности среди самой молодой группы населения (15–20 лет), что указывает на продолжающуюся эпидемию. Вывод:Проведенная оценка серораспространенности гепатита среди населения Буркина-Фасо свидетельствует о необходимости включения серологических анализов крови на гепатит и пунктов опросников по оценке факторов риска в будущие исследования, результаты которых имеют огромное значение для разработки соответствующих политик в области здравоохранения и программ контроля за распространением вирусной инфекции.

authors

Meda N,Tuaillon E,Kania D,Tiendrebeogo A,Pisoni A,Zida S,Bollore K,Medah I,Laureillard D,Moles JP,Nagot N,Nebie KY,Van de Perre P,Dujols P

doi

10.2471/BLT.18.208603

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-01 00:00:00

pages

750-759

issue

11

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

pii

BLT.18.208603

journal_volume

96

pub_type

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    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Natural Brucella infection in Argentine wild foxes.

    abstract::In the course of an investigation in 1962-64 into the natural occurrence of brucellosis among grey foxes in Argentina, agglutination tests were performed on 728 sera of the foxes Dusicyon gymnocercus antiquus and D. griseus griseus, captured in the provinces of Buenos Aires and Rio Negro. Agglutination titres of from ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Szyfres B,González Tomé J

    更新日期:1966-01-01 00:00:00

  • HIV and female sex workers.

    abstract::In this review of published findings on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and risk factors among female sex workers, we summarize the results of seroprevalence studies in different countries and discuss the different patterns of transmission among such workers in various geographical regions. The highest ra...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Estébanez P,Fitch K,Nájera R

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • The hosts and trypanosome infection rates of Glossina pallidipes in the Lambwe and Roo valleys.

    abstract::Several thousand Glossina pallidipes flies were dissected to determine trypanosome infection rates in the Lambwe Valley and to collect information on the hosts of this tsetse. A total of 1 450 (19.3%) flies had mature trypanosome infections but the rate varied between 9.6% and 30.9% in the Lambwe Valley. In the Roo Va...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: England EC,Baldry DA

    更新日期:1972-01-01 00:00:00

  • Resistance to implementing policy change: the case of Ukraine.

    abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in eastern Europe. Since 1990, the incidence rates of TB have continued to increase in Belarus, the Russian Federation, the Ukraine and the central Asian republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Eastern Europe, and in particular the Russian Fede...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2471/blt.06.034991

    authors: Atun R,Olynik I

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Progress in the national schistosomiasis control programme of Iran.

    abstract::A combination of chemotherapy and mollusciciding has been used in Khuzestan, south-west Iran, since 1966, to try to control urinary schistosomiasis. The total amount of molluscicide used each year varied between 702 and 3505 kg and between 287 and 1320 infected persons were detected and treated annually. The prevalenc...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Massoud J,Arfaa F,Farahmandian I,Ardalan A,Mansoorian A

    更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00

  • Integrating noncommunicable disease services into primary health care, Botswana.

    abstract::Despite the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases, access to quality decentralized noncommunicable disease services remain limited in many low- and middle-income countries. Here we describe the strategies we employed to drive the process from adaptation to national endorsement and implementation of the 2016 Botswa...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.18.221424

    authors: Tapela NM,Tshisimogo G,Shatera BP,Letsatsi V,Gaborone M,Madidimalo T,Ovberedjo M,Jibril HB,Tsima B,Nkomazana O,Dryden-Peterson S,Lockman S,Masupe T,Hirschhorn LR,El Halabi S

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Studies on immunity to reinfection with Schistosoma mattheei in sheep and cattle.

    abstract::Few experiments have been reported on immunity to reinfection in domestic stock. The degree of resistance to reinfection with S. mattheei was studied in cattle and sheep. On the basis of the results, the only evidence of acquired immunity in calves and sheep is a reduction in the length of adult worms. ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Preston JM,Webbe G

    更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mass administration of DEC-medicated salt for filariasis control in the endemic population of Karaikal, south India: implementation and impact assessment.

    abstract::DEC (diethylcarbamazine)-medicated salt, at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.2 mg per 100 mg, was given to the entire population of Karaikal (119 978) in South India for a 4-year period from 1982. The per capita consumption of DEC in medicated salt was 13.3 grams for the entire period. The prevalence of microfilaraemia dec...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Reddy GS,Venkateswaralu N

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • A comprehensive assessment of maternal deaths in Argentina: translating multicentre collaborative research into action.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To perform a comprehensive assessment of maternal mortality in Argentina, the ultimate purpose being to strengthen the surveillance system and reorient reproductive health policies to prevent maternal deaths. METHODS:Our multicentre population-based study combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.2471/blt.06.032334

    authors: Ramos S,Karolinski A,Romero M,Mercer R,Maternal Mortality in Argentina Study Group.

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Naturally occurring antibodies to Neisseria meningitidis.

    abstract::Immunity in meningococcal diseases has been inadequately studied and, until now, most attempts at serotherapy and immunization against meningococcal meningitis have been unsuccessful. To ascertain the status of immunity among children at greatest risk of contracting the disease, 267 serum specimens from healthy childr...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Burian V,Gotschlich E,Kuzemenská P,Svandová E

    更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00

  • Population increases in Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann. A review of present knowledge.

    abstract::The author reviews the growing body of evidence that urban populations of Culex pipiens fatigans have increased extensively during recent years in both Africa and Asia. Two main factors seem to be responsible-the spread of urbanization, providing favourable habitats for this essentially urban mosquito; and the increas...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: MATTINGLY PF

    更新日期:1962-01-01 00:00:00

  • A RADIOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATING BLOOD CHOLINESTERASE IN THE FIELD.

    abstract::A radiometric method has been developed which provides for the simple and rapid measurement of human blood cholinesterase under field conditions. The method involves minimal dilution of samples and the use of very low substrate concentrations, and is therefore more sensitive to cholinesterase inhibition by reversible ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: WINTERINGHAM FP,DISNEY RW

    更新日期:1964-01-01 00:00:00