Abstract：
:A study was made on the effect of undernutrition on the immunological responses of mice to TAB and BCG vaccines. The mice were fed a diet comprising chapati and germinated grams; one group was fed ad libitum while another was given half the quantity consumed by the first group. The undernourished mice showed a poor immune response to BCG: only 23% showed a positive reaction to foot pad challenge with purified protein derivative, compared with 76% of the well-fed mice. The mean increase in thickness of the foot pad was also significantly smaller in the undernourished mice. Antibody titres against the H and O antigens of TAB were essentially similar in both groups of mice. The results suggest that undernutrition depresses cell-mediated immune responses but not humoral responses.
journal_name
Bull World Health Organjournal_title
Bulletin of the World Health Organizationauthors
Narayanan RB,Nath I,Bhuyan UN,Talwar GPsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-01-01 00:00:00pages
781-6issue
5eissn
0042-9686issn
1564-0604journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A modified ovitrap from which larvae could not escape was employed for one year for the control of Aedes aegypti at Blossom Heights, Houston, Texas. At the end of this period, the Breteau index in the ovitrap area had declined by 36%, in contrast to a sharp increase of nearly 500% in the non-ovitrap area. The premises...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In most countries of the world there is a shortage of nurses but nowhere is it so acute as in the developing world. With International Nursing Day on 12 May 2010, Kathryn Senior investigates. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.10.020510
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of visual loss has profound implications for the person affected and society as a whole. The majority of blind people live in developing countries, and generally, their blindness could have been avoided or cured. Given the current predictions that the number of blind people worldwide will roughly double by ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:To estimate the average treatment effect of working past the current retirement age on the health of Japanese men. Methods:We used publicly available data from the National Survey of Japanese Elderly, extracting a sample of 1288 men who were 60 years or older. Survey respondents were followed-up for at most ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.18.215764
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of three years of data from a malaria clinic operated by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in the Government Medical College Hospital in Jabalpur, central India, showed a high malaria prevalence among pregnant women, which was statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001) compared with the situati...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From time to time, reports of anthelmintic trials are published indicating that a compound is, or is not, effective against Echinococcus granulosus in dogs. In some of these reports, an attempt is made to assess the efficacy of the compound from inadequate data. This paper reviews the problems associated with selectin...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of seven pyrethroid insecticides for impregnation of mosquito nets, six currently recommended by WHO and one candidate (bifenthrin), under laboratory conditions. METHODS:Tests were conducted using pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant strains of Anopheles gambiae and Culex q...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:WHO's reference protocol for post-exposure rabies vaccination advises five intramuscular injections on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30; in addition, rabies immunoglobulins (RIG) must be given to serious cases of exposure (grade III severity). Some studies indicate that these immunoglobulins suppress the immunogenicity of rab...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The operational and diagnostic performance of a two-step method for the cost-effective screening of urinary schistosomiasis was investigated in the Kilosa District of east-central Tanzania. In the first step a simple questionnaire was administered to 15,073 primary schoolchildren by their class teachers over a 4-week ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Representatives of the WHO influenza programme recently proposed a standard method of determining neuraminidase activity and neuraminidase inhibition (NI) antibody titres. Logit transformation of the data obtained with the WHO method for the NI assay permits a more efficient performance of the test and easy calculatio...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews recent experimental evidence in support of inoculation with antirabies serum, the value of which, as a prophylactic measure, is compared with that of vaccine treatment alone. The author concludes that the chief advantages of combined antiserum-vaccine prophylaxis lie in the rapid treatment of cases ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1954-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases, access to quality decentralized noncommunicable disease services remain limited in many low- and middle-income countries. Here we describe the strategies we employed to drive the process from adaptation to national endorsement and implementation of the 2016 Botswa...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.18.221424
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore what individuals at risk of injury from using paraffin (also known as kerosene) know about paraffin safety, what they do to protect themselves and their families from paraffin-related injury, and how they perceive their risk for such injury. Also, to explore interrelations between these factors and...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/blt.08.057505
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxorhynchites brevipalpis, a predator on larvae of Aedes aegypti and other mosquitos, was successfully colonized in the laboratory. At 25 degrees C, embryonic development was completed within 50 hours of oviposition, while larval and pupal development together took a further 27-41 days. The adult mosquitos mated in c...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reported is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that has been optimized and validated for the determination of chloroquine in urine or dried blood spots. The assay employs antisera raised in sheep to a chloroquine derivative conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin and chloroquine conjugated to porcine thyrog...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine trends in the causes of death in a West African town. Mortality caused by infectious diseases is reported to be declining while degenerative and man-made mortality factors are increasingly significant. Most mortality analyses for sub-Saharan Africa have involved extrapolation and have not been de...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recommended procedures and criteria for T-cell receptor (TCR) designations are described. The officially adopted designations are for the TCR A, B, D and G loci and for V, D, J and C segments. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An influenzavirus of swine origin (swine/Taiwan/7310/70) antigenically closely related to the human A/Hong Kong/68 virus readily infected human volunteers. Those infected developed antihaemagglutinin and antineuraminidase antibodies to the human A/Hong Kong/68 virus as well as to the swine/Taiwan virus. The clinical r...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A radiometric method has been developed which provides for the simple and rapid measurement of human blood cholinesterase under field conditions. The method involves minimal dilution of samples and the use of very low substrate concentrations, and is therefore more sensitive to cholinesterase inhibition by reversible ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1964-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Overall mortality rates are higher among cigarette smokers than non-smokers. However, very little is known about the health effects of other forms of tobacco use widely prevalent in India, such as bidi smoking and various forms of smokeless tobacco (e.g. chewing betel-quid). We therefore carried out a coho...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A meeting of an informal working group on immune responses to viral antigens was convened in Amsterdam on 15-18 November 1982 to discuss recent developments in this field and to formulate proposals for international collaborative studies relevant to the needs of the WHO Programme on Vaccine Development. The meeting co...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents estimates of the prevalence of visual impairment and its causes in 2002, based on the best available evidence derived from recent studies. Estimates were determined from data on low vision and blindness as defined in the International statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of d...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0042-96862004001100009
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The duration of immunity conferred by yellow fever vaccine is as yet undetermined. In this study the neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to yellow fever were investigated in 108 persons living in Pouso Alegre, Brazil, where yellow fever has never been reported. These persons had been vaccinated wi...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1962-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate incidence of shigellosis in the Kaengkhoi district, Saraburi Province, Thailand. METHODS:Population-based surveillance of shigellosis based in treatment centres. The detected rates of treated shigellosis were corrected for the number of cases missed due to the low sensitivity of microbiological c...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0042-96862005001000010
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This is a classification of tumours of fibrous tissue, fat, muscle, blood and lymph vessels, and mast cells, irrespective of the region of the body in which they arise. Tumours of fibrous tissue are divided into fibroma, fibrosarcoma (including "canine haemangiopericytoma"), other sarcomas, equine sarcoid, and various...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haemagglutination (HA) has been used frequently for the titration of tetanus antitoxin but published results have varied in relation to the "unitage" determined by the mouse toxin-neutralization test (TN). This report gives the results of the titration of a group of sera by haemagglutination and compares them with the...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves distributing resources, especially human resources for health (HRH), to match population needs. This paper explores the policy lessons on HRH from four countries that have achieved sustained improvements in UHC: Brazil, Ghana, Mexico and Thailand. Its purpose is to in...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.13.118729
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of chloroquine and desethylchloroquine in the blood of 10 healthy adult Swedish volunteers who had been taking 310 mg chloroquine base once a week for at least 8 months for malaria prophylaxis were measured. Samples of capillary whole blood from the volunteers were dried on filter-paper and the drug...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basic problem in the study of tick-borne virus diseases is to establish where the virus is maintained in nature. In general, this focus will be found where there are large and relatively stable populations of ticks, small rodents and insectivores. In the Tribec region the principal vector of tick-borne encephaliti...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 39 randomly selected villages and towns in Tumkur District, South India, approximately 2000 persons, tuberculosis cases and matched controls, were interviewed in order to determine how many had symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis. Approximately 70% of the bacteriologically confirmed cases and over half the radiolog...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1963-01-01 00:00:00
