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Antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption in Mexican hospitals.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To establish the current situation of antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption in Mexican hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Antimicrobial susceptibility data from blood and urine isolates were collected. Defined daily dose (DDD) of antibiotic consumption/100 occupied beds (OBD) was calculated. RESULTS:Study period: 2016 and 2017. Of 4 382 blood isolates, E. coli and K. pneumoniae were most frequently reported, with antimicrobial resistance >30% for most drugs tested, only for carbapenems and amikacin resistance were <20%. A. baumannii had antimicrobial resistance >20% to all drugs. Resistance to oxacillin in S. aureus was 20%. From 12 151 urine isolates, 90% corresponded to E. coli; resistance to ciprofloxacin, cephalosporins and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was >50%, with good susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, amikacin and carbapenems. Global median antimicrobial consumption was 57.2 DDD/100 OB. CONCLUSIONS:s. This report shows a high antimicrobial resistance level in Gram-negative bacilli and provides an insight into the seriousness of the problem of antibiotic consumption. OBJETIVO:Establecer la situación actual de la resistencia antimicrobiana y el consumo de antibióticos en hospitales mexicanos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS:Se colectaron datos de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de aislamientos de sangre y orina. Se calculó la dosis diaria definida (DDD) del consumo de antibióticos/100 estancias. RESULTADOS:Periodo de estudio de 2016 a 2017. De 4 382 aislamientos en sangre, E. coli y K. pneumoniae fueron las más frecuentes, con resistencia >30% a la mayoría de las drogas evaluadas; sólo para carbapenémicos y amikacina la resistencia fue <20%. A. baumannii tuvo resistencia >20% a todos los fármacos. La resistencia a oxacilina en S. aureus fue de 20%. De 12 151 aislamientos en urocultivos, 90% correspondió a E. coli; la resistencia a ciprofloxacina, cefalosporinas y trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol fue >50%, con buena susceptibilidad a nitrofurantoína, amikacina y carbapenémicos. La mediana del consumo global de antibióticos en DDD/100 estancias fue de 57.2. CONCLUSIONES:Este reporte muestra el nivel elevado de resistencia en bacilos Gram-negativos y brinda una perspectiva de la gravedad del problema del consumo de antibióticos.

journal_name

Salud Publica Mex

journal_title

Salud publica de Mexico

authors

Miranda-Novales MG,Flores-Moreno K,López-Vidal Y,Rodríguez-Álvarez M,Solórzano-Santos F,Soto-Hernández JL,Ponce de León-Rosales S,UNCAR Network*.

doi

10.21149/10543

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-01-01 00:00:00

pages

42-49

issue

1

eissn

0036-3634

issn

1606-7916

journal_volume

62

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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