Abstract：
:For years, interneurons expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons and their function within the neocortex have been shrouded in mystery. Their relatively small size and minimal representation in the cortex have made investigation difficult. Due to their service role performed in co‑operation with glia and blood vessels to supply energy during neuronal activation in the brain, the contribution of VIP interneurons to local neuronal circuit function was not appreciated. VIP interneurons in the neocortex account for roughly 12% of all interneurons. They have been described as a subgroup of the third largest population of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3a (5HT3a) receptor‑expressing interneurons, non‑overlapping with interneuron populations expressing parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SST). However, it was recently shown that only half of VIP interneurons display a 5HT3a receptor response and a subset of VIP interneurons in visual cortex co‑express SST. Over the last several years, due to new technical advancements, many facts have emerged relating to VIP interneuron phylogenetic origin, operational mechanisms within local circuits and functional significance. Some of these discoveries have dramatically shifted the perception of VIP interneurons. This review focuses on the function of the VIP interneurons residing in layer 2/3 of the mouse neocortex.
journal_name
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)journal_title
Acta neurobiologiae experimentalisauthors
Posłuszny Asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
328-337issue
4eissn
0065-1400issn
1689-0035pii
7932journal_volume
79pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The finding of stem/progenitor cells in postnatal bone marrow and umbilical cord blood, opens up a possibility of using stem cells to treat neurologic diseases. There is a controversy, whether intravenously administered human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) migrate to the brain, differentiate and improve recovery a...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of injections of M- and N-cholinergic blocking agents into the antero-medial hypothalamus (HM) and the midbrain central gray (GC) on the aggressive behavior of cats, evoked by microinjections of carbachol into those areas, were investigated in chronic experiments. The influence of pharmacological suppressi...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was found previously that unilateral destruction of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) facilitated behavioral responses (exploration, eating) induced by electrical stimulation of the contralateral VTA. The same effect occurred after unilateral injections of pharmacological agents, which led to a decrease in dopaminer...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this in vivo microdialysis study was to characterise the regulation of prostaglandin D2 (PgD2) synthesis by NMDA receptors in the rabbit hippocampus in relation to changes in extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]e) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. Samples of dialysate were analysed for changes in PgD2 conce...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inherited or acquired oligodendrocyte deficiency or abnormalities usually lead to severe neurological disorders, common in humans and animals. The wide spectrum of diseases to be treated, their frequency and lack of effective treatments result in an urgent need to elaborate alternative options such as cell replacement...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Connnections of the cortical region situated in the medial and lateral walls of the presylvian fissure in the dog were investigated using the method of retrograde HRP transport. The patterns of subcortico-cortical and cortico-cortical projections sho,w that the cortical field of the medial presylvian wall (paraorbital...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal information processing controls many aspects of human mental activity and may be assessed by examining perception of temporal order in the tens of milliseconds time range. Although existing studies suggest an age-related decline in mental abilities, the data on the deterioration of temporal order perception s...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frontal rats, subjected to electroconvulsive shock (ECS) after each experimental session, performed better than they did before ECS treatment. The other subjects, which were treated with ECS after every third session, showed lower error scores on days immediately folloiwing ECS administration that 2 or 3 days later. W...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A term "paralytic tremor" (pt) is attributed to a neurological mutation of Chinchilla rabbits, affecting the development of the central nervous system (CNS). A quantification of myelin protein content indicates the strong CNS hypomyelination during the development (1-120 postnatal days). SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of to...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The noble gas xenon (Xe) inhibits not only NMDA receptors (NMDARs) but also the two other subtypes of glutamate receptor i.e. AMPA (AMPARs) and kainate receptors. Preliminary studies on AMPARs suggest that Xe sensitivity might be coupled to receptor desensitization. In order to find out if this hypothesis can be appli...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depolarization of cultured astrocytes by KCl stimulated gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release in a dose-dependent manner. At 60 mM KCl, the stimulatory effect was calcium- and sodium- independent, and was not altered by the presence of beta-alanine. The potassium-evoked GABA release was inhibited by furosemide and 4-...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors made a study of the effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) on ischemic morphological changes in the brain, extracellular calcium concentration (Ca2+e) and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. This was combined with physiological and neurophysiological measurements. Complete cerebral ischemia (CCI) lasting 15...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Techniques (push-pull cannula, cup, brain ventricles perfusion) allowing estimation of the amount of the ACh released in vivo from the brain are described. The main attention is paid to biochemical, physiological and morphological factors influencing the amount of ACh released and available for estimation. Conditions ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In psychophysical experiments, subjects matched two spatial intervals of a three-spot stimulus into what appeared to them to be equal. The stimulus was flanked by stripes. The length matching errors increased in proportion to the referent interval of the stimulus and approached 6-12 percent of its length. Also, the er...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The variability of simple actions with response to auditory stimuli was studied under different delay conditions. Subjects reacted as fast as possible or with a defined time delay (from 250 to 750 ms) to a tone switching off by pressing a response-key with the left index finger (controlled by the right hemisphere) or ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of unilateral ablation of the cortical motor forelimb area on instrumental avoidance responses consisting of lifting the forelimb and holding it within a 4 cm wide "safety zone" were studied in dogs. It was found that the surgery irreversibly impaired the search for the safety zone, while the ability to ma...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothyroidism affects neuron population dynamics in the hippocampus of the adult rat, with neuronal damage as the main feature of its effect. This effect is prevented by the blockade of NMDA receptors, which suggests that glutamatergic activity mediates cell death in this condition. Glutamate can also stimulate cell ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION AND METHODS:Cognitive deficits in insomnia have been already reported (5), however, a correlation between cognitive impairment and severity of insomnia was not as yet studied. Sixteen not medicated patients with primary insomnia according to DSM-IV (4), 7 men an 9 women, of mean age 40.8 year, were compare...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During paradoxical sleep electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation and emotiogenic structures in the mesencephalon and diencephalon produced depression or an increase in the theta rhythm of the hippocampal and entorhinal electrical activity. However, stimulation not involving behavioral arousal d...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to determine the plasticity of the proliferative matrix of the hippocampus in an adult rat to environmental manipulation, the following study was conducted. Fifteen adult male Long-Evans rats (6 months old at the start of the experiment) were placed into two different environments for 3 months. Seven anim...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to technological advances in electrophysiology, there is renewed interest in the analysis of local field potentials recorded at many sites simultaneously. In this paper the main problems related to the analysis of LFP are presented, and recent developments in the data analysis methods are reviewed. The focus of th...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Response generalization to a novel stimulus occurs when the new stimulus shares common features with the stimulus used in the original learning. Given the many recent studies suggesting that the perirhinal cortex is critical for disambiguating stimuli that share representational/perceptual elements, we hypothesize tha...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During luteolysis in sheep, episodic pulses of oxytocin (OT), contributed by the neurohypophysis and the corpus luteum (CL), stimulate uterine luteolytic pulses of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha via endometrial OT receptors. To distinguish relative contributions of neurohypophysial and luteal OT, ovariectomized sheep wer...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computer techniques were employed to construct a respiratory control model in which the variables treated were programmed according to a series of mathematical equations, with the purpose of eliciting the relationship of V-PCO2 (minute ventilation-partial pressure of carbon dioxide) on a transient time basis. It was d...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial magnetic stimulation was carried out in 30 healthy subjects, aged 20 to 55 and 156 to 180 cm tall, in whom cortical excitability threshold was determined for musculus (m.) abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and m. extensor digitorum brevis (EDB). The lowest stimulus intensity causing in the muscle a reproducibl...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty two months old and eight months old rats were used. They were submitted to object recognition test with 1 min interval between two successive presentations of the same object or two different objects. Initial exploration of the object was lower in aged than in young rats. However, both groups showed comparable ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews studies that investigate conditions resulting in long-lasting modifications of synaptic efficacy in horizontal connections within layers II/III of adult rat motor cortex using the in vitro slice preparation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was induced by high frequency theta burst stimulation (TBS) whe...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synapsins are a family of proteins associated with synaptic vesicles that are widely used as markers of synaptic terminals. We decided to investigate synapsin I expression in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex (SI). Immunostaining experiments using a polyclonal antibody against C-terminal domain of synapsin Ia/b (...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinesterase inhibitors are currently the mainstream of symptomatic treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The response to treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors is clinically difficult to predict. Several demographic, clinical and biological variables have been proposed as pretreatment predictors of long...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data by the author, as well as from other laboratories, show residual fear as the main source of intertrial responses (ITR) during defensive instrumental training in rats, cats and dogs. Between-subject differences in ITR rate arise in the course of training. The differences depend on training conditions and on subjec...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
