Abstract:
:We aim to develop warfarin dosing algorithm for African-Americans. We explored demographic, clinical, and genetic data from a previously collected cohort of 163 African-American patients with a stable warfarin dose. We explored 2 approaches to develop the algorithm: multiple linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN). The clinical significance of the 2 dosing algorithms was evaluated by calculating the percentage of patients whose predicted dose of warfarin was within 20% of the actual dose. Linear regression model and ANN model predicted the ideal dose in 52% and 48% of the patients, respectively. The mean absolute error using linear regression model was estimated to be 10.8 mg compared with 10.9 mg using ANN. Linear regression and ANN models identified several predictors of warfarin dose including age, weight, CYP2C9 genotype *1/*1, VKORC1 genotype, rs12777823 genotype, rs2108622 genotype, congestive heart failure, and amiodarone use. In conclusion, we developed a warfarin dosing algorithm for African-Americans. The proposed dosing algorithm has the potential to recommend warfarin doses that are close to the appropriate doses. The use of more sophisticated ANN approach did not result in improved predictive performance of the dosing algorithm except for patients of a dose of ≥49 mg/wk.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Alzubiedi S,Saleh MIdoi
10.1097/FJC.0000000000000317subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
86-92issue
1eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
67pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The pressor responses to selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists (cirazoline and methoxamine) and to alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists (UK-14,304 and B-HT 933) were investigated in pithed, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and age-matched control animals. Three months after induction of diabetes, the basal values of di...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199210000-00007
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is a major disease in the black population of sub-Saharan Africa and the U.S. The prevalence of hypertension varies from 1-30% of the adult population. Differences in blood pressure (BP) between black and white patients have been documented. In this review, genetic, endocrine, and environmental characteri...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients on chronic hemodialysis hypotensive episodes are frequently encountered during the course of treatment and the prevalence of atherosclerosis is increased. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), an endothelium-derived peptide with vasoconstrictive and mitogenic effects on smooth muscles, is involved in vascular tone regulati...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000166215.50415.36
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin, applied to helical strips of larger vessels such as coronary arteries, acts as a potent vasoconstrictor in vitro. In contrast, in vivo serotonin causes a remarkable decrease in total peripheral resistance. To differentiate the influence of serotonin on resistances of large and small vessels, experiments wer...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198500077-00017
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the interaction of endothelin (ET) with nitric oxide (NO) and the effects on venous circulation and handling of renal water and electrolytes, ET (1.0 ng/kg/min) or saline was administered with or without three doses (0.27, 2.7 and 27 ng/kg/min for 40 min) of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199800001-00039
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the actions of the isopropyl ester of palmitoyl carnitine (P1Pi), a novel vasodilator compound, on coronary constriction mediated by the calcium channel activator BAY K 8644 and positive inotropic responses mediated by norepinephrine (NE) and low sodium perfusion in perfused rat hearts. Langendorff-perfuse...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199506000-00003
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients routinely treated with metoprolol, influences of CYP2D6 genotype on the response of heart rate to isoproterenol (IP) were studied at its peak and trough concentrations and were compared with those of bisoprolol. In 72 patients treated with metoprolol or bisoprolol, CYP2D6 genotype (ie, CYP2D6*1, *2, *4, *5...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000184117.76188.68
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::[125I]Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was administered intravenously into rats, and binding sites in various tissues were examined by electron-microscopic radioautography. Labeling was observed predominantly on the glomerular fenestrated endothelial cells of kidney, alveolar capillary endothelial cells of lung, fat-storing cells ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199100177-00130
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major aim of treatment of arterial hypertension is to reduce the increased risks of cardio-cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality that are associated with elevated blood pressure (BP). A direct relationship can be found between the level of BP and risk, even down to what is normally considered to be the "normoten...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Genetic loci predict <5% of variation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) response to statins. Cholestanol and desmosterol are plasma markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis, respectively. Because statins lower LDL-C by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, we studied the relationship between c...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181f09bcb
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The superoxide radical scavenging effects of the SH group in the captopril molecule has been proposed to be the basis of the "cadioprotective" effect of this angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in animal models of myocardial injury. We determined the effects of captopril, another ACE inhibitor with an SH gro...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199011000-00023
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of endothelin (ET) receptors and the nature of the subtype and expression of ET were investigated in the human megakaryoblastic cell line MEG-01. By the RT-PCR procedure, we have shown that both ETA and ETB receptor subtype mRNAs are expressed in the cells. However, binding experiments have shown that the...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among other mediators, platelet-derived serotonin (5-HT) may contribute to thromboembolic complications of atherosclerosis. We determined whether long-term oral treatment with the 5-HT2 antagonist naftidrofuryl (NAF, 50 mg/kg daily for 12 weeks) alters platelet function in cholesterol-fed (1%) rabbits. Hypercholestero...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199302000-00021
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bezafibrate, a potent hypolipidemic agent, was studied as potentially preventive in the atherosclerosis-associated vascular hyperresponsiveness to alpha-adrenoceptors agonists in rats. Contractile responses to norepinephrine (NE) were determined in isolated tail arteries of rats fed an atherogenic or a standard diet. ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199311000-00014
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cilnidipine has a blocking action against N-type calcium channels as well as L-type calcium channels. We studied the effect of morning and bedtime dosing on circadian variation of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and activity of the autonomic nervous system, using an open randomized crossover study in 13 essentia...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-200401000-00011
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hallmark of vascular disease is the inappropriate proliferative and synthetic behavior of smooth muscle cells. This phenotypically immature behavior arises as a consequence of the myocytes undergoing conversion from a contractile to proliferative/secretory cell type. The stimulus invoked for this dedifferentiative p...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo renal microvascular effects of three antihypertensive drugs: nitrendipine, a calcium entry blocker, and two direct-acting vasodilator agents, hydralazine and minoxidil, were compared. The dilator responses of pre- and postglomerular vessels were directly observed after the topical or intravenous administra...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic uremia and metabolic acidosis impair vascular responses to norepinephrine (NE) and also cause multiple metabolic defects in skeletal muscle. These studies were conducted to determine whether decreased vascular responsiveness resulted from putative second messenger metabolism. Tail arteries were used from rats ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199208000-00014
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Long noncoding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) has been reported to involve in the processing of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury after myocardial infarction. Thus, this study further investigates the underlying mechanisms of TUG1 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte injury in vitro....
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000895
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the ability of angiotensin II (Ang II) to facilitate the stimulation-induced release of [3H]norepinephrine [( 3H]NE) from two cardiovascular regulatory areas in normal and sodium-restricted rats. Ang II (10(-7) M) facilitated the field-stimulation-induced release of [3H]NE from the A2 area of t...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arrhythmias occur 24 h after occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in the canine heart and have been attributed to the abnormal spontaneous activity in subendocardial Purkinje fibers, which are markedly depolarized. The major current underlying normal automaticity in these fibers is i(f). Alt...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199705000-00015
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::KATP channels are a complex of regulatory sulfonylurea receptor subunits and the pore-forming inward rectifiers such as Kir6.1. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we investigated the interaction of nicotine with the Kir6.1 subunit as well as the underlying mechanism. Stable expression of Kir6.1 in HEK-293 cel...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000159046.35241.4e
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in the heart relies on the activity of three membrane mechanisms: the Na+/H+ exchange and an Na+, HCO3(-)-dependent transport, both activated after an acid load, and the Cl-/HCO(3-) exchange, activated by an intracellular alkalinization. Whereas several specific inhibitors of Na+/H+ e...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199610000-00011
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used isolated superior mesenteric arteries (SMAs) from hemorrhagic-shock rats and hypoxia-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs; mimicking the shock state) to observe the effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF; Rac1 stimulator) and NSC23766 (Rac1 antagonist) on vascular reactivity and the relationshi...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e318215e21d
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to investigate the cardioactive properties of oxybutynin, a drug that is widely prescribed for management of voiding dysfunction. Membrane currents were recorded from whole-cell-configured guinea pig ventricular myocytes, and action potentials were recorded from guinea pig and rabbit pa...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200002000-00024
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular calcium ([Ca]i) overload on reperfusion may be one of the mechanisms responsible for ischemia-induced regional myocardial dysfunction. Because inhibiting the Na-H exchanger (NHE) limits intracellular sodium ([Na]i) and subsequent [Ca]i accumulation, we hypothesized that NHE inhibition would attenuate reg...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199812000-00001
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bethanidine sulfate is a congener of bretylium tosylate, which has been reported to have antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory effects. We studied the effects of bethanidine on transmembrane potentials recorded from canine Purkinje fibers and ventricular muscle cells, using standard microelectrode techniques. Normal Pur...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198501000-00009
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) play a critical physiological role in energy homeostasis, in inflammation, and a protective role in cardiovascular function. We assessed the antioxidant effect of clofibrate-induced Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) stimulation on ischemic myoca...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e31826216ed
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally, antihypertensive medications were used in few children or adolescents, usually just those with underlying renal or other organ system disease. However, with recent data suggesting that the incidence of primary hypertension may be increasing in the young, it is possible that more children and adolescents...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e31820d1b89
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to determine whether systemic injections of the lipophobic thiol chelator, para-hydroxymercurobenzoic acid (PHMBA) would reduce the vasoconstrictor responses elicited by the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine, in urethane-anesthetized rats by chelation of thiol residues in alpha1-ad...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000181718.25323.91
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00