Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:This study identified pre-existing medical conditions among scuba diving fatalities in Australia from 2001 to 2013, inclusive, and assessed whether these conditions likely contributed to the deaths. METHODS:The National Coronial Information System (NCIS) was searched for scuba diving-related cases during 2001-2013, inclusive. Coronial findings, witness and police reports, medical histories, and autopsy and toxicology reports were scrutinised for pre-existing medical conditions and autopsy findings. Predisposing factors, triggers, disabling agents, disabling injuries and causes of death were analysed using a validated template. RESULTS:There were 126 scuba diving-related fatalities identified during the study period. Forty-six (37%) divers were identified as having a significant medical condition which may have contributed to their incident. The most common condition was ischaemic heart disease (IHD) which had been diagnosed in 15 of the divers. Thirty-two (25%) deaths were attributed to cardiac disabling injuries (DI) such as ischaemic heart disease and arrhythmias, although a cardiac DI was thought likely in another six. Respiratory conditions were implicated in eight (6%) deaths, at least four associated with cerebral arterial gas embolism. At least 14 (11%) divers who had contributory pre-existing medical conditions had been cleared to dive by a medical practitioner within the year prior. CONCLUSIONS:Chronic health-related factors played a major role in almost half of these deaths; primarily cardiac conditions such as IHD and cardiac arrhythmias. Although fitness-to-dive (FTD) assessments have limitations, the high incidence of cardiac-related deaths indicates a need for 'older' divers to be medically assessed for FTD.
journal_name
Diving Hyperb Medjournal_title
Diving and hyperbaric medicineauthors
Lippmann J,Taylor DMdoi
10.28920/dhm50.2.98-104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-30 00:00:00pages
98-104issue
2eissn
1833-3516issn
2209-1491journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract：INTRODUCTION:In studies of decompression procedures, ultrasonically detected venous gas emboli (VGE) are commonly used as a surrogate outcome if decompression sickness (DCS) is unlikely to be observed. There is substantial variability in observed VGE grades, and studies should be designed with sufficient power to detec...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The Diver Emergency Service (DES) in Australia provides specialised medical advice on diving incidents 24 hours a day to divers, dive operators, families and health professionals. It is operated from the Hyperbaric Medicine Unit of the Royal Adelaide Hospital where the physician-on-call also carries the DE...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS) diving medical for recreational scuba divers was last reviewed in 2011. From 2011 to 2019, considerable advancements have occurred in cardiovascular risk assessment relevant to divers. The SPUMS 48th (2019) Annual Scientific Meeting theme was cardiovascular risk as...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 指南
doi：10.28920/dhm50.3.273-277
更新日期：2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:During a hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) session, every medical device that is used within the hyperbaric chamber is exposed to several hazards, including an increased ambient pressure and partial pressure of oxygen. In Europe, all medical devices marketed and/or sold for use in hyperbaric conditions must...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm49.2.137-140
更新日期：2019-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE) is a feared complication of ambient depressurisation and can also be a complication of hydrogen peroxide ingestion. We present an unusual case of CAGE in a 57-year-old woman exposed to both of these risk factors. We describe her subsequent successful treatment with hyperbaric oxyg...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Running out of air, buoyancy problems and rapid ascents are known risk factors for diving morbidity and mortality. The effects of the diving environment and equipment and the influence of individual diver characteristics on these risks were studied. METHODS:Between 1995 and 2004, Project Dive Exploration ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Commercial or occupational breath-hold (BH) harvest divers along the coast and islands of Japan are collectively called Ama divers. Repetitive BH diving by Ama divers may place them at risk of developing neurological decompression sickness (DCS). We report a 74-year-old Ama diver who demonstrated right hemiparesis dur...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.28920/dhm48.4.262-263
更新日期：2018-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We have previously shown that hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) increased insulin sensitivity in men who were obese or overweight, both with and without type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to test whether this insulin-sensitising effect is seen in hyperbaric air (HA). METHODS:Men with type 2 diabe...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.28920/dhm50.4.386-390
更新日期：2020-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Transcutaneous oximetry measurement (TCOM) is a non-invasive method of determining oxygen tension at the skin level using heated electrodes. AIM:To compare TCOM values generated by different machines and to establish lower limb TCOM values in a cohort of healthy individuals younger than 40 years of age. ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.2.82-87
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.3.191-197
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Decompression sickness (DCS) results from a decrease in ambient pressure leading to supersaturation of tissues with inert gas and bubble formation. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are able to dissolve vast amounts of non-polar gases. Intravenous (IV) PFC emulsions reduce both morbidity and mortality associated wit...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of cerebral venous gas embolism. Our patient made a complete neurological recovery after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). The principles of HBOT, compressing and eliminating air bubbles and decreasing Β-2 integrin function, thus improving microcirculation, can only be beneficial in a situation where...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The adverse effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on cardiac physiology are considered a potential hazard during the treatment of some patients. The haemodynamic effects of HBO are poorly understood and the incompatibility of electrical equipment inside the chamber has made assessment difficult. At Fremantle ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Divers suspected of suffering decompression illness (DCI) in locations remote from a recompression chamber are sometimes treated with in-water recompression (IWR). There are no data that establish the benefits of IWR compared to conventional first aid with surface oxygen and transport to the nearest chamber. However, ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.28920/dhm48.2.84-95
更新日期：2018-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Both negative wound pressure therapy (NPWT) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) are useful modalities in the treatment of problem wounds. However, none of the commercially available portable negative-pressure devices have been certified safe for use in a recompression chamber. Thus, the NPWT device is remov...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Severe decompression sickness (DCS) is a multi-organ injury. This study investigated the preventive effects of rosiglitazone on liver injury following rapid decompression in mice and examined the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:Mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, vehicle gr...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.1.17-23
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cases are presented of divers suffering epileptic seizure and loss of consciousness as a result of probable cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE). Both cases had apparently problem-free dives with no obvious provocation for CAGE, though one case may have been having repeated embolisms for some time in their diving...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to hyperoxia is associated with oxidative stress and is known to cause inflammation in the lung and the airways. Exhaled nitric oxide concentration (FENO) is a marker of some inflammatory processes in the lung and airways, and is reduced immediately after a single session of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure. ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to further the understanding of the opening of the Eustachian tube in relation to changes in barometric pressure. DESIGN:An ear canal microphone was used to measure the specific sounds related to tube opening and possible eardrum movements. Five subjects with normal tube functio...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown that a single bout of exercise performed 20 hours prior to hyperbaric exposure reduces bubble formation and increases survival in rats. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins expressed in cells that are exposed to different stressors. HSPs are known to protect cells, by binding to proteins an...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Various prescribed and over-the-counter medications may theoretically be incompatible with the diving environment. Anecdotally, it is known divers regularly take medications around the time of their diving activities for different health conditions, possibly ignoring the recommendations not to do so. As pa...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gas micronuclei are gas-filled voids in liquids from which bubbles can form at low gas supersaturation. If water is depleted of gas micronuclei, high gas supersaturation is required for bubble formation. This high gas supersaturation is required in part to overcome the Laplace pressure at the point of transition from ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.28920/dhm49.1.64
更新日期：2019-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Inner-ear decompression sickness (DCS) is an incompletely understood and increasingly recognized condition in compressed-air divers. Previous reports show a high association of inner-ear DCS with persistent foramen ovale (PFO), suggesting that a moderate-to-severe right-to-left shunt might represent a major predisposi...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 信件
doi：
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recreational scuba diving is a popular leisure activity with the number of divers reaching several millions worldwide. Scuba diving represents a huge challenge for integrative physiology. In mammalian evolution, physiological reflexes developed to deal with lack of oxygen, rather than with an excess, which makes adapt...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We investigated in a prospective, observational trial the feasibility of using the Eustachian tube function test (ETFT) to measure the effect of repetitive pressure exposure during open seawater dives on Eustachian tube function. METHODS:The study included 28 adult divers during six consecutive days of di...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.4.216-222
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.28920/dhm50.1.66-69
更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.28920/dhm50.4.318-324
更新日期：2020-12-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.28920/dhm48.3.173-185
更新日期：2018-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Vomiting and aspiration of gastric contents into the airways and lungs is a common and well-known clinicopathological entity. This phenomenon might also occur in underwater diving, where it can lead to life-threatening or fatal situations. This article presents two incidents involving diving-related vomiting with asso...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm48.1.36-39
更新日期：2018-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In-water resuscitation has recently been proposed in the European resuscitation guidelines. Initiation of mechanical ventilation underwater might be considered when an immediate ascent to the surface is impossible or dangerous. The present study evaluated the feasibility of such ventilation underwater. ME...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
