Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:Running out of air, buoyancy problems and rapid ascents are known risk factors for diving morbidity and mortality. The effects of the diving environment and equipment and the influence of individual diver characteristics on these risks were studied. METHODS:Between 1995 and 2004, Project Dive Exploration prospectively recorded 52,582 recreational dives made by 5,046 adult divers. Data regarding diver characteristics, dive environment, recorded depth-time profiles and reported dive problems were collected. Ascent rates were calculated from depth-time profiles. Human factors (age, sex, certification status) were tested by logistic regression for association with running out of air, buoyancy problems and rapid ascents. To control for human factors, dives where a problem was reported (case dives) were compared to dives made by the same divers in which each risk factor was not reported (control dives), again using a logistic regression model. RESULTS:Running out of air and buoyancy problems were significantly associated with older females, whereas rapid ascents were associated with younger males. Certification status also affected which type of problem was experienced. Maximum depth and dive time had only weak effects upon the type of problem experienced. All three problems were associated with charter boat and live-aboard diving, the most significant environmental association being the perceived workload of the dive. CONCLUSIONS:We recommend dive instructors give greater emphasis during training to monitoring gas reserves, buoyancy control techniques and slow ascents, coupled with practical methods of gauging ascent rate. Dive boat crews should consider likely workloads when selecting dive sites and warn divers against overexertion.
journal_name
Diving Hyperb Medjournal_title
Diving and hyperbaric medicineauthors
Buzzacott P,Denoble PJ,Simon O,Dunford R,Vann RDsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
205-9issue
4eissn
1833-3516issn
2209-1491journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Two cases are presented of divers suffering epileptic seizure and loss of consciousness as a result of probable cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE). Both cases had apparently problem-free dives with no obvious provocation for CAGE, though one case may have been having repeated embolisms for some time in their diving...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Both negative wound pressure therapy (NPWT) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) are useful modalities in the treatment of problem wounds. However, none of the commercially available portable negative-pressure devices have been certified safe for use in a recompression chamber. Thus, the NPWT device is remov...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We investigated in a prospective, observational trial the feasibility of using the Eustachian tube function test (ETFT) to measure the effect of repetitive pressure exposure during open seawater dives on Eustachian tube function. METHODS:The study included 28 adult divers during six consecutive days of di...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.4.216-222
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Divers from many countries travel to explore various diving sites worldwide. In 2005, the Divers Alert Network (DAN) wrote guidelines for recreational diving and diabetes mellitus, but there is no up-to-date consensus or adoption of international guidelines on diabetes and diving. There are also large differences betw...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS) diving medical for recreational scuba divers was last reviewed in 2011. From 2011 to 2019, considerable advancements have occurred in cardiovascular risk assessment relevant to divers. The SPUMS 48th (2019) Annual Scientific Meeting theme was cardiovascular risk as...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 指南
doi：10.28920/dhm50.3.273-277
更新日期：2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:After a maximal apnoea, breath-hold divers must restore O2 levels and clear CO2 and lactic acid produced. High intensity interval training (HIIT) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) could be employed with the aim of increasing recovery capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the relative effects of IMT ve...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.28920/dhm50.4.318-324
更新日期：2020-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Commercial or occupational breath-hold (BH) harvest divers along the coast and islands of Japan are collectively called Ama divers. Repetitive BH diving by Ama divers may place them at risk of developing neurological decompression sickness (DCS). We report a 74-year-old Ama diver who demonstrated right hemiparesis dur...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.28920/dhm48.4.262-263
更新日期：2018-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The adverse effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on cardiac physiology are considered a potential hazard during the treatment of some patients. The haemodynamic effects of HBO are poorly understood and the incompatibility of electrical equipment inside the chamber has made assessment difficult. At Fremantle ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphenoid sinus mucocele is a rare cystic lesion. It grows gradually and causes visual disturbances, ocular motility abnormalities and headache due to cavernous sinus compression. Sudden change in sinus cavity volume by a barotrauma may compress a mucocele and precipitate symptoms that may easily be confused with decom...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm50.2.168-172
更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to further the understanding of the opening of the Eustachian tube in relation to changes in barometric pressure. DESIGN:An ear canal microphone was used to measure the specific sounds related to tube opening and possible eardrum movements. Five subjects with normal tube functio...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Livedoid vasculopathy is a painful, ulcerating condition of the lower legs, ankles and feet with the typical histological feature of hyalinising vascular change of dermal blood vessels with minimal inflammation. Therapeutic interventions have been diverse and varyingly successful. We report a biopsy-proven case in a 2...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:During a hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) session, every medical device that is used within the hyperbaric chamber is exposed to several hazards, including an increased ambient pressure and partial pressure of oxygen. In Europe, all medical devices marketed and/or sold for use in hyperbaric conditions must...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm49.2.137-140
更新日期：2019-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of a 24-year-old gentleman who had pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) after diving is reported. He presented with chest pain after the second of two uneventful shallow SCUBA dives. Computerized tomography (CT) scan confirmed the diagnosis and he was treated conservatively. Relevant radiology and a discussion of PBT are...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.28920/dhm50.1.66-69
更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since 2009, the United Kingdom diving incident data show an increasing number of fatalities in the over-50s age group. Previous studies also suggest some divers take cardiac medications. Since 2001, diving medicals have not been mandatory for UK sport divers. Instead, an annual medical self-certification for...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recreational scuba diving is a popular leisure activity with the number of divers reaching several millions worldwide. Scuba diving represents a huge challenge for integrative physiology. In mammalian evolution, physiological reflexes developed to deal with lack of oxygen, rather than with an excess, which makes adapt...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Divers suspected of suffering decompression illness (DCI) in locations remote from a recompression chamber are sometimes treated with in-water recompression (IWR). There are no data that establish the benefits of IWR compared to conventional first aid with surface oxygen and transport to the nearest chamber. However, ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.28920/dhm48.2.84-95
更新日期：2018-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of cerebral venous gas embolism. Our patient made a complete neurological recovery after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). The principles of HBOT, compressing and eliminating air bubbles and decreasing Β-2 integrin function, thus improving microcirculation, can only be beneficial in a situation where...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Decompression sickness (DCS) results from a decrease in ambient pressure leading to supersaturation of tissues with inert gas and bubble formation. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are able to dissolve vast amounts of non-polar gases. Intravenous (IV) PFC emulsions reduce both morbidity and mortality associated wit...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:An individual case review of diving-related deaths reported as occurring in Australia in 2006 was conducted as part of the Divers Alert Network Asia-Pacific (DAN AP) dive fatality reporting project. METHOD:The case studies were compiled using reports from witnesses, the police and coroners. In each case, ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE) is a feared complication of ambient depressurisation and can also be a complication of hydrogen peroxide ingestion. We present an unusual case of CAGE in a 57-year-old woman exposed to both of these risk factors. We describe her subsequent successful treatment with hyperbaric oxyg...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an emergency, life support can be provided during recompression or hyperbaric oxygen therapy using very basic equipment, provided the equipment is hyperbaric-compatible and the clinicians have appropriate experience. For hyperbaric critical care to be provided safely on a routine basis, however, a great deal of pre...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decompression illness (DCI) is a syndrome with diverse clinical manifestations but in which cardiac symptoms are rare. In the presence of cardiac symptoms, the necessity to rule out an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) which requires prompt treatment may result in delay to appropriate recompression treatment. We describe ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown that a single bout of exercise performed 20 hours prior to hyperbaric exposure reduces bubble formation and increases survival in rats. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress proteins expressed in cells that are exposed to different stressors. HSPs are known to protect cells, by binding to proteins an...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE) from breath-holding or inadequate exhalation during ascent is a well-recognised complication of scuba diving. It does not usually occur with breath-hold (BH) diving in those with normal lungs, as the volume of gas in the lungs on surfacing cannot exceed what it was on leaving the ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.28920/dhm49.4.304-305
更新日期：2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Transcutaneous oximetry measurement (TCOM) is a non-invasive method of determining oxygen tension at the skin level using heated electrodes. AIM:To compare TCOM values generated by different machines and to establish lower limb TCOM values in a cohort of healthy individuals younger than 40 years of age. ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.2.82-87
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Scuba diving is a big part of the tourism sector in Malta, and all the cases of decompression illness (DCI)are treated within the single hyperbaric referral centre in the country. METHODS:This retrospective analysis reviews all the medical records of divers with DCI in Malta within the 30-year period betw...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm49.3.161-166
更新日期：2019-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:When a standard water-seal pleural drain unit (PDU) is used under hyperbaric conditions there are scenarios where excessive negative intrapleural pressure (IPP) and/or fluid reflux can be induced, risking significant morbidity. We developed and tested a pleural vacuum relief (PVR) device which automaticall...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm47.3.191-197
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:This study identified pre-existing medical conditions among scuba diving fatalities in Australia from 2001 to 2013, inclusive, and assessed whether these conditions likely contributed to the deaths. METHODS:The National Coronial Information System (NCIS) was searched for scuba diving-related cases during ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.28920/dhm50.2.98-104
更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Gas micronuclei are gas-filled voids in liquids from which bubbles can form at low gas supersaturation. If water is depleted of gas micronuclei, high gas supersaturation is required for bubble formation. This high gas supersaturation is required in part to overcome the Laplace pressure at the point of transition from ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.28920/dhm49.1.64
更新日期：2019-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Firstly I would like to thank SPUMS members for making me a Life Member of SPUMS; I was surprised and greatly honoured by the award. I also want to confirm and expand on the findings on carbon dioxide absorbents reported by David Harvey et al. For about 35 years, I was the main player in deciding which absorbent went ...
journal_title：Diving and hyperbaric medicine
pub_type： 评论,信件
doi：
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
