Starting insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: An individualized approach.

abstract：:We reviewed the population of a surgical intensive care unit from July 1, 1987 to June 30, 1988, adjusting for severity of illness using the APACHE II system. Nineteen different departments admitted a total of 613 patients to the surgical intensive care unit. Predicted mortality was 22.9%; actual mortality was 15.7%. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Lockrem JD,Lopez E,Gallagher J,Church GE,Estafanous FG

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have documented that hypercholesterolemia is common in American children. Other studies have shown that elevated cholesterol levels in childhood remain elevated well into adult life. Autopsy studies of adolescents have also found a strong positive correlation between antemortem cholesterol levels and e...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Garcia RE,Moodie DS

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A subdural empyema developed in a young man after craniotomy for evacuation of a hematoma in a sylvian fissure arachnoid cyst and the subdural space. Despite prolonged systemic and subdural antibiotic administration and a debridement of the subdural space, infection persisted, as evidenced by persistent fever, an elev...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Barnett GH,Moon HK

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is a useful clinical predictor of coronary heart disease, raising the HDL cholesterol level does not necessarily lower this risk. Part of the explanation for this paradox may be that, under certain conditions, HDL either can be less functional as an an...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Ansell BJ

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Special problems of Asian patients have considerable impact on diagnosis and treatment, and the number of persons of Asian ancestry seen in primary care in the United States is increasing. Knowledge of how to provide optimal care despite language barriers, low socioeconomic status, different health beliefs and practic...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Jin XW,Slomka J,Blixen CE

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian variations have been observed for a number of hemodynamic and cardiovascular events including heart rate, systemic blood pressure, coronary artery blood flow, ischemic cerebrovascular accidents, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. In addition, circadian variations in platele...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Becker RC,Corrao JM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence is mounting that depression is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and portends a worse outcome in cardiac patients. Depression can be easily diagnosed and safely treated in cardiac patients, but it is undertreated. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Kemp DE,Malhotra S,Franco KN,Tesar G,Bronson DL

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both diabetic and prediabetic patients have abnormal vascular reactivity and should be considered to have occult cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are particularly beneficial in diabetes because they reduce the incidence of both cardiovascular events and diabetes-related complicati...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Hsueh WA

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether migraine exhibits a circadian rhythm or occurs randomly throughout the day, we analyzed the time of migraine onset in 15 migraine suffers (migraineurs) over 20 weeks. The patients suffered 211 migraine attacks over 20 weeks (range 3 to 30, median 13). Twelve of the 15 migraineurs had 50% or more o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Solomon GD

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community-acquired bacterial meningitis is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Clinicians should know how to quickly diagnose it, perform a lumbar puncture, order the necessary tests, and start appropriate empiric therapy promptly. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bhimraj A

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During a 10-year period, 60 patients with confirmed diagnoses of pheochromocytoma underwent a total of 63 surgical procedure. To control extreme blood pressure elevations, 6 patients received phenoxybenzamine preoperatively and 28 patients received prazosin. The remaining 29 patients received neither drug. Intravenous...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Boutros AR,Bravo EL,Zanettin G,Straffon RA

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of estrogenic steroid hormones in women are apparent, but the circulating androgen levels are much higher. Compared with serum estrone and estradiol levels, circulating testosterone levels are five to 10 times higher, androstenedione levels 30 times higher, dehydroepiandrosterone levels 100 times higher, a...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Cumming DC

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nicotinic acid, widely used to lower serum cholesterol levels, may rarely cause cholestatic jaundice. SUMMARY:A 61-year-old white man with hypercholesterolemia complained of marked pruritus and became jaundiced after taking 3.0 g of crystalline nicotinic acid daily for 13 months. His total serum bilirubin l...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Patel SD,Taylor HC

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important cause of death in patients with liver disease, and its incidence appears to be rising in the United States. Because early diagnosis improves the chances of survival, it is important to identify patients who would benefit from surveillance. Once HCC is suspected on surveil...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Murali AR,Romero-Marrero C,Aucejo F,Menon KV

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Weight-loss drugs are being evaluated for their role in obesity management. This article reviews the available weight-loss drugs, their efficacy and side effects, and their best clinical use. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Bersoux S,Byun TH,Chaliki SS,Poole KG

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Giant cell arteritis is a common systemic vasculitis that affects the elderly and has a variable clinical presentation. Physicians should be aware of its different clinical phenotypes so that they can recognize it early and promptly initiate glucocorticoids, the mainstay of therapy. Clinicians should also be familiar ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rinden T,Miller E,Nasr R

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with morbid obesity, surgery is the only treatment known to produce sustained weight loss and to reduce comorbidities. Traditional (open) gastric bypass surgery is associated with postoperative complications that include wound infection, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. Laparoscopic techniques achieve si...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Brody F

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The decline in testosterone with age has been associated with specific physical changes that affect quality of life and life expectancy, although a cause-and-effect relationship is yet to be established. While female menopause is rapid and well described, "male menopause" or androgen decline in older men is gradual an...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： McGill JJ,Shoskes DA,Sabanegh ES

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of anemia in the perioperative period of major orthopedic surgery decreases the need for blood transfusion and improves perioperative outcomes. Use of epoetin alfa in this setting is FDA-approved and provides significant benefit to qualified and carefully chosen patients. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Kumar A,Dimov V

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The article "Total pancreatectomy and islet cell autotransplantation: Definitive treatment for chronic pancreatitis" (Arce KM, Lin YK, Stevens T, Walsh RM, Hatipoglu BA. Cleve Clin J Med 2016; 83:435-442) incorrectly stated that Paul Lacy and David Scharp performed research at the University of Washington at Seattle. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Arce KM,Lin YK,Stevens T,Walsh RM,Hatipoglu BA

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because 1% to 9% of people without symptoms have elevated liver enzymes, extensive evaluation of all abnormal test results would expose many patients to undue risks and expenses. On the other hand, failure to evaluate minor liver enzyme elevations could mean missing the early diagnosis of potentially treatable disorde...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Aragon G,Younossi ZM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In hospitalized medical patients, randomized trials have established that anticoagulant prophylaxis has an acceptable benefit-to-risk ratio: ie, it lowers the incidence of clinically silent and symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), including fatal pulmonary embolism, more than it raises the risks of bleeding and o...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Pai M,Douketis JD

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence is mounting that obstructive sleep apnea causes or contributes to many chronic medical diseases, and that treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) often improves concomitant diseases. The author reviews the association of obstructive sleep apnea with arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertens...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Collop N

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Up to two-thirds of patients who have had a stroke have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) afterward. These patients have worse outcomes than those without OSA in terms of short-term morbidity, functional and cognitive recovery, and mortality rates over the long term. Following a stroke, identifying OSA and treating it wit...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： McKee Z,Auckley DH

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The history and physical examination, rather than routine laboratory, cardiovascular, and pulmonary testing, are the most important components of the preoperative evaluation. The history should include a complete review of systems (especially cardiovascular and pulmonary), medication history, allergies, surgical and a...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Michota FA,Frost SD

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is an open system that can generate contact, droplet, and airborne COVID-19 thereby increasing the risk of transmission of COVID-19 like other procedures such as tracheal intubation, noninvasive ventilation, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Medically prudent recommendations hav...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Lance CG

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors that contribute to the progressively declining course of heart failure could be sleep apnea. Whether treating sleep apnea improves the clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure needs to be tested in randomized clinical trials. ...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Wexler L,Javaheri S

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer patients and their families often ask their primary care physicians if a new treatment reported in the news can help them. Physicians familiar with the long and complicated process of oncologic clinical trials are in the best position to assess the potential for clinical benefit from a new antineoplastic therap...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Markman M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary care physicians must initiate a discussion of overactive bladder and urinary incontinence with their patients who are at risk. A stepwise approach to evaluation and diagnosis and the use of systematic evaluation and treatment algorithms suitable to the primary care setting will improve identification and effec...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Rosenberg MT,Dmochowski RR

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of aorta procedures performed annually in the United States has grown substantially during the past decade. Cleveland Clinic is a leader in research on the risk of aortic dissection in patients with a bicuspid or tricuspid aortic valve and associated aneurysm, which has led to changes in the recommendations...

journal_title：Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine

authors： Roselli EE

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00