Abstract:
:This paper presents a procedure for obtaining short-term projections and lower bounds on the size of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. The method is similar to that proposed by Brookmeyer and Gail but adapted to the situation where individual dates of AIDS diagnosis are available. It gives results that are not dependent on the choice of time intervals by contrast to the procedure proposed by Brookmeyer and Gail which was based on the tabulated number of AIDS cases. Applications are illustrated with haemophilia-associated AIDS incidence in Japan where only 45 cases have been diagnosed by 31 December 1987.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Tango Tdoi
10.1002/sim.4780081210subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-12-01 00:00:00pages
1509-14issue
12eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Detecting safety signals in clinical trial safety data is known to be challenging due to high dimensionality, rare occurrence, weak signal, and complex dependence. We propose a new hierarchical testing approach for analyzing safety data from a typical randomized clinical trial. This approach accounts for the hierarchi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8495
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two correction methods are considered for multiple logistic regression models with some covariates measured with error. Both methods are based on approximating the complicated regression model between the response and the observed covariates with simpler models. The first model is the logistic approximation proposed b...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780131105
更新日期:1994-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of broad sense agreement (BSA) has recently been proposed for studying the relationship between a continuous measurement and an ordinal measurement. They developed a nonparametric procedure for estimating the BSA index, which is only applicable to completely observed data. In this work, we consider the pro...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8523
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials, especially the randomized clinical trial, have been and will remain the gold standard for the evaluation of new interventions, including pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications. Despite more than five decades of experience, there are still challenges in the...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5405
更新日期:2012-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Some clinical trials aim to demonstrate therapeutic equivalence on multiple primary endpoints. For example, therapeutic equivalence studies of agents for the treatment of osteoarthritis use several primary endpoints including investigator's global assessment of disease activity, patient's global assessment of response...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.985
更新日期:2001-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Performance of a diagnostic test is ideally evaluated by a comparison of the test results to a gold standard for all the patients in a study. In practice, however, it is common for a subset of study patients to have the gold standard not verified (missing) due to ethical or expense considerations. Sensitivity and spec...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3899
更新日期:2010-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Testing the equality of 2 proportions for a control group versus a treatment group is a well-researched statistical problem. In some settings, there may be strong historical data that allow one to reliably expect that the control proportion is one, or nearly so. While one-sample tests or comparisons to historical cont...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7579
更新日期:2018-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Having a surrogate for a definitive endpoint in a clinical trial can sometimes be useful when it is impractical, invasive or very time consuming to obtain the definitive endpoint. This paper discusses methods for assessing whether the surrogate-endpoint results of a trial can be used in place of definitive-endpoint re...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1779
更新日期:2005-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Ordinal data appear in a wide variety of scientific fields. These data are often analyzed using ordinal logistic regression models that assume proportional odds. When this assumption is not met, it may be possible to capture the lack of proportionality using a constrained structural relationship between the odds and t...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5689
更新日期:2013-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Rvachev-Baroyan-Longini model is a space-time predictive model of the spread of influenza epidemics. It has been applied to 128 cities of the USSR, and more recently, to forecasting the spread of the pandemic of 1968-1969 throughout 52 large cities. It is a deterministic, mass-action, space and time continuous mod...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780071107
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper considers the analysis of longitudinal data complicated by the fact that during follow-up patients can be in different disease states, such as remission, relapse or death. If both the response of interest (for example, quality of life (QOL)) and the amount of missing data depend on this disease state, ignor...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3755
更新日期:2009-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::In survival analyses, inverse-probability-of-treatment (IPT) and inverse-probability-of-censoring (IPC) weighted estimators of parameters in marginal structural Cox models are often used to estimate treatment effects in the presence of time-dependent confounding and censoring. In most applications, a robust variance e...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7823
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::We use a mixed Poisson regression model with extra variation to analyse mortality data cross-classified by age and geographic region. We use estimates of dispersion parameter and fixed effects parameters, obtained by maximizing a marginal quasi-likelihood function, to estimate mortality rates in an empirical Bayes man...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960715)15:13<1397::AID-S
更新日期:1996-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Inference for randomized clinical trials is generally based on the assumption that outcomes are independently and identically distributed under the null hypothesis. In some trials, particularly in infectious disease, outcomes may be correlated. This may be known in advance (e.g. allowing randomization of family member...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2977
更新日期:2008-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We review two recent trends: the emergence of evidence-based medicine and the growing use of Bayesian statistics in medical applications. Evidence-based medicine requires an integrated assessment of the available evidence, and associated uncertainty, but there is also an emphasis on decision-making, for individual pat...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20001215)19:23<3291::aid-sim627>
更新日期:2000-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Incomplete and unbalanced multivariate data often arise in longitudinal studies due to missing or unequally-timed repeated measurements and/or the presence of time-varying covariates. A general approach to analysing such data is through maximum likelihood analysis using a linear model for the expected responses, and s...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780070132
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, quality control charts have been increasingly applied in the healthcare environment, for example, to monitor surgical performance. Risk-adjusted cumulative (CUSUM) charts that utilize risk scores like the Parsonnet score to estimate the probability of death of a patient from an operation turn out to b...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8104
更新日期:2019-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Subjective judgements of complex variables are commonly recorded as ordered categorical data. The rank-invariant properties of such data are well known, and there are various statistical approaches to the analysis and modelling of ordinal data. This paper focuses on the non-additive property of ordered categorical dat...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2923::aid-s
更新日期:1998-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Assay sensitivity has been proposed as a criterion for including psychiatric clinical outcome studies in meta-analyses. The authors assess the performance of assay sensitivity as a method for determining study appropriateness for meta-analysis by calculating expected standard drug vs placebo effect sizes for various c...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2240
更新日期:2006-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of genetic and environmental contributions to cancers falls in the framework of generalized linear mixed modelling with several random effect components. Computational challenges remain, however, in dealing with binary or survival phenotypes. In this paper, we consider the analysis of melanoma onset in a po...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2266
更新日期:2006-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cox proportional hazard regression model is a popular tool to analyze the relationship between a censored lifetime variable with other relevant factors. The semiparametric Cox model is widely used to study different types of data arising from applied disciplines such as medical science, biology, and reliability studie...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8377
更新日期:2019-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::A preference trial is a special form of cross-over trial where clinical conditions determine when patients change treatment, in a prescribed order. This can be modelled using a geometric distribution. The model can be simply fitted using standard logistic regression methodology. The procedure is applied to a trial stu...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960229)15:4<443::AID-SIM
更新日期:1996-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Health authorities are often alerted to suspected cancer clusters near the vicinity of potential point sources by members of the public. A surveillance system, where administrative regions around the potential point sources are regularly monitored for high disease rates, would allow for responses which are easier to o...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19960415)15:7/9<727::aid-s
更新日期:1996-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we discuss family-based association test (FBATs) relating genetic data to survival and time-to-onset data. We show how the standard logrank and Wilcoxon statistics can be used with family data to develop tests of association. We prove that the FBAT-logrank approach can be identical to the proportional h...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1707
更新日期:2004-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::If the sample size for a t-test is calculated on the basis of a prior estimate of the variance then the power of the test at the treatment difference of interest is not robust to misspecification of the variance. We propose a t-test for a two-treatment comparison based on Stein's two-stage test which involves the use ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990715)18:13<1575::aid-s
更新日期:1999-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8724
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::When a cancer patient develops a new tumor it is necessary to determine if it is a recurrence (metastasis) of the original cancer, or an entirely new occurrence of the disease. This is accomplished by assessing the histo-pathology of the lesions. However, there are many clinical scenarios in which this pathological di...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3866
更新日期:2010-07-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8359
更新日期:2019-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The effective dose (ED) is the pharmaceutical dosage required to produce a therapeutic response in a fixed proportion of the patients. When only one drug is considered, the problem is a univariate one and has been well-studied. However, in the multidimensional setting, that is, in the presence of combinations of agent...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6226
更新日期:2014-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Bayesian methods are proposed for analysing matched case-control studies in which a binary exposure variable is sometimes measured with error, but whose correct values have been validated for a random sample of the matched case-control sets. Three models are considered. Model 1 makes few assumptions other than randomn...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2000
更新日期:2005-02-15 00:00:00