Abstract:
:In recent years, quality control charts have been increasingly applied in the healthcare environment, for example, to monitor surgical performance. Risk-adjusted cumulative (CUSUM) charts that utilize risk scores like the Parsonnet score to estimate the probability of death of a patient from an operation turn out to be susceptible to misfitted risk models causing deterioration of the charts' properties, in particular, the false alarm behavior. Our approach considers the application of power transformations in the logistic regression model to improve the fit to the binary outcome data. We propose two different approaches of estimating the power exponent δ. The average run length (ARL) to false alarm is calculated with the popular Markov chain approximation in a more efficient way by utilizing the Toeplitz structure of the transition matrix. A sensitivity analysis of the in-control ARL against the true value δ shows potential effects of incorrect choice of δ. Depending on the underlying patient mix, the results vary from robustness to severe impact (doubling of false alarm rate).
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Knoth S,Wittenberg P,Gan FFdoi
10.1002/sim.8104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-30 00:00:00pages
2206-2218issue
12eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract::When estimating the probability of natural conception from observational data on couples with an unfulfilled child wish, the start of assisted reproductive therapy (ART) is a competing event that cannot be assumed to be independent of natural conception. In clinical practice, interest lies in the probability of natura...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6280
更新日期:2014-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Sequential analysis is frequently employed to address ethical and financial issues in clinical trials. Sequential analysis may be performed using standard group sequential designs, or, more recently, with adaptive designs that use estimates of treatment effect to modify the maximal statistical information to be collec...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4156
更新日期:2011-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::In biomedical literature, numerous prediction models for clinical outcomes have been developed based either on clinical data or, more recently, on high-throughput molecular data (omics data). Prediction models based on both types of data, however, are less common, although some recent studies suggest that a suitable c...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6246
更新日期:2014-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of counties burdened by exceptionally high rates of mortality is a fundamental step in the development of state-based intervention and prevention strategies. However, the estimation of rates from small geographic areas presents special problems, especially for rare events. This paper compares the us...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780120320
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disease incidence predictions are useful for a number of administrative and scientific purposes. The simplest ones are made using trend extrapolation, on either an arithmetic or a logarithmic scale. This paper shows how approximate confidence prediction intervals can be calculated for such predictions, both for the to...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780131503
更新日期:1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Paired count data usually arise in medicine when before and after treatment measurements are considered. In the present paper we assume that the correlated paired count data follow a bivariate Poisson distribution in order to derive the distribution of their difference. The derived distribution is shown to be the same...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2382
更新日期:2006-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Differences between arm-based (AB) and contrast-based (CB) models for network meta-analysis (NMA) are controversial. We compare the CB model of Lu and Ades (2006), the AB model of Hong et al(2016), and two intermediate models, using hypothetical data and a selected real data set. Differences between models arise prima...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8360
更新日期:2019-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::In the analysis of composite endpoints in a clinical trial, time to first event analysis techniques such as the logrank test and Cox proportional hazard test do not take into account the multiplicity, importance, and the severity of events in the composite endpoint. Several generalized pairwise comparison analysis met...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8388
更新日期:2019-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::We present an estimate of the kappa-coefficient of agreement between two methods of rating based on matched pairs of binary responses and show that the estimate depends on the common intraclass correlation coefficient between the pairs. Via Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate power of the test of significance on ka...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780140109
更新日期:1995-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::For patients who were previously treated for prostate cancer, salvage hormone therapy is frequently given when the longitudinal marker prostate-specific antigen begins to rise during follow-up. Because the treatment is given by indication, estimating the effect of the hormone therapy is challenging. In a previous pape...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5890
更新日期:2014-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Correlation is inherent in longitudinal studies due to the repeated measurements on subjects, as well as due to time-dependent covariates in the study. In the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), data were repeatedly collected on children in grades 7-12 across four waves. Thus, obser...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8099
更新日期:2019-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Random forest is a supervised learning method that combines many classification or regression trees for prediction. Here we describe an extension of the random forest method for building event risk prediction models in survival analysis with competing risks. In case of right-censored data, the event status at the pred...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5775
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Non-tumor cell-based model systems have recently gained interest in pharmacogenetic research as a hypothesis generating tool. The hypotheses generated from these model systems can be followed up in functional studies, or tested in individuals taking the same investigational agents. The current cellular phenotypes (e.g...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3649
更新日期:2009-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Pooling biospecimens prior to performing lab assays can help reduce lab costs, preserve specimens, and reduce information loss when subject to a limit of detection. Because many biomarkers measured in epidemiological studies are positive and right-skewed, proper analysis of pooled specimens requires special methods. I...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6496
更新日期:2015-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::This field study sought to measure the effects of dental delivery and school-based, dental health education on use of dental health care by children in grades K-6. We attempted to control for two potential confounding factors by an approximate randomization of children into treatment groups with stratification on grad...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/sim.4780020107
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The availability of large data sets together with the growth in power and storage capabilities of computers have made the analysis of the spatial distribution of disease rates an increasingly important tool in public health research. Use of existing geographic divisions or groupings tends to result either in unstable ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780121916
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Screening and diagnostic tests are important in disease prevention or control. The predictive values of positive and negative (PPV and NPV) test results are two of four operational characteristics of a screening test. We review an existing method based on the generalized estimating equation (GEE) methodology for compa...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2332
更新日期:2006-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated interobserver variation between three physician readers in the independent classification of chest radiographs from 1771 taconite workers for pneumoconiosis. We analysed variation with a general methodology for the analysis of categorical data, and quantified interobserver agreement in terms of kappa-t...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780030109
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a mixture model which combines features of the usual Cox proportional hazards model with those of a class of models, known as mixtures-of-experts. The resulting model is more flexible than the usual Cox model in the sense that the log hazard ratio is allowed to vary non-linearly as a function of th...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990515)18:9<1119::aid-si
更新日期:1999-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Various R(2) statistics have been proposed for logistic regression to quantify the extent to which the binary response can be predicted by a given logistic regression model and covariates. We study the asymptotic properties of three popular variance-based R(2) statistics. We find that two variance-based R(2) statistic...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2300
更新日期:2006-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::When analyzing time to disease recurrence, we sometimes need to work with data where all the recurrences are recorded, but no information is available on the possible deaths. This may occur when studying diseases of benign nature where patients are only seen at disease recurrences or in poorly-designed registries of b...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6766
更新日期:2016-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Methods for multiple informants help to estimate the marginal effect of each multiple source predictor and formally compare the strength of their association with an outcome. We extend multiple informant methods to the case of hierarchical data structures to account for within cluster correlation. We apply the propose...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5967
更新日期:2014-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::A method is presented which allows us to adapt the sample size as well as the number and time points of interim analyses to the treatment difference observed at an interim look during the course of a clinical trial with censored survival time as the endpoint. The method allows the inclusion of data inspections during ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1136
更新日期:2001-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Many critical questions in medicine require the analysis of complex multivariate data, often from large data sets describing numerous variables for numerous subjects. In this paper, we describe CoPlot, a tool for visualizing multivariate data in medicine. CoPlot is an adaptation of multidimensional scaling (MDS) that ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3078
更新日期:2008-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we define a modified version τ(b) of Kendall's tau to measure the association in a pair (X,Y) of random variables subject to fixed left censoring due to known lower detection limits. We provide a nonparametric estimator of τ(b) and investigate its asymptotic properties. We then assume an Archimedean cop...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4319
更新日期:2011-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Austin Bradford Hill was once a friend to The Lancet, but, as occasionally happens, friends fall out. The great legacy of his association with the journal, however, was Principles of Medical Statistics. As each edition was succeeded by another--the first in 1937, the last in 1991--he seemed to shift his view about the...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 传
doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20001215)19:23<3149::aid-sim617>
更新日期:2000-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Joint models initially dedicated to a single longitudinal marker and a single time-to-event need to be extended to account for the rich longitudinal data of cohort studies. Multiple causes of clinical progression are indeed usually observed, and multiple longitudinal markers are collected when the true latent trait of...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6731
更新日期:2016-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The focus of this paper is dietary intervention trials. We explore the statistical issues involved when the response variable, intake of a food or nutrient, is based on self-report data that are subject to inherent measurement error. There has been little work on handling error in this context. A particular feature of...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7011
更新日期:2016-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable public concern about health disparities among different cultural/racial/ethnic groups. Important process measures that might reflect inequities are treated prevalence and the service utilization rate in a defined period of time. We have previously described a method for estimating N, the distinct...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3904
更新日期:2010-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Suppose that two graders classify all eyes in a sample of patients for the presence or absence of a specified abnormality. In the statistical analysis of the data, possible correlation between the observations in the right and left eyes should be taken into account. Recently, general methods have been developed to ana...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780122306
更新日期:1993-12-15 00:00:00