Abstract:
:Germ free rats provide a unique model in which to assess biological response to environment. In 48 germ-free male, Sprague-Dawley rats we examined the consequences of oral exposure to nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a nephrotoxin; to Staphylococcus epidermidis and bacillus species, non-endotoxin-containing bacteria; to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, endotoxin-containing bacteria; and injected E. coli endotoxin on peripheral leukocyte counts and renal morphology. Morphological changes were evaluated by light microscopy and scored blindly on a 0 to 4+ scale for 15 parameters of renal structure. Means of these renal "pathology scores" correlated with counts of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. The highest counts and scores were found in rats given NDGA and exposed to endotoxin, either by injection or by oral feeding of endotoxin-containing bacteria. Counts and scores were lower in the absence of endotoxin and with non-endotoxin-containing bacteria, given alone or in combination with either NDGA or endotoxin. Results exclude bacterial colonization and intrarenal accumulation of NDGA as causes of nephropathy. They indicate that endotoxin and NDGA act synergistically to provoke renal damage in the germ free NDGA-fed rat and suggest that leukocytes are involved in the process.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Gardner KD Jr,Reed WP,Evan AP,Zedalis J,Hylarides MD,Leon AAdoi
10.1038/ki.1987.213subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-09-01 00:00:00pages
329-34issue
3eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(15)34083-7journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract::EDTA (calcium disodium edetate) lead mobilization and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) finger bone lead tests were done in 42 patients with chronic renal failure and without persisting lead intoxication. Nineteen of 23 patients with gout and 8 of 19 without gout had positive EDTA lead mobilization tests. Those patients with g...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1984.175
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the perfused hemicorpus preparation to measure individual rates of protein synthesis and degradation. Using fed animals, perfused either with or without insulin, muscle protein synthesis and hemicorpus protein degradation rates were similar, but myofibrillar protein degradation was clearly increased in the ure...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1986.119
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The soluble receptor of advanced glycation end product (sRAGE) prevents vascular damage in experimental animal models, and observational studies in the general population support the hypothesis that sRAGE may exert a protective role on the vasculature. To test this in patients with chronic kidney disease, we determine...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2009.419
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aging process in humans and in the rat is associated with an impairment in renal tubular reabsorption of Pi and renal tubular adaptation to a low Pi diet. The purposes of the present study were to determine whether changes in the abundance of type II Na-Pi contransporter (NaPi-2) protein and/or mRNA play a role in...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1996.385
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary proteomics is a promising tool for biomarker investigation, particularly in complex kidney diseases. Fabris and colleagues report that urinary laminin subunit alpha-2 is a potential diagnostic marker of medullary sponge kidney (MSK) disease by using a label-free quantitative proteomics platform and a clinicall...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.10.032
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemic of chronic kidney disease in Nicaragua (Mesoamerican nephropathy) has been linked with recurrent dehydration. Here we tested whether recurrent dehydration may cause renal injury by activation of the polyol pathway, resulting in the generation of endogenous fructose in the kidney that might subsequently in...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2013.492
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) has demonstrated that intensive diabetes treatment delays the onset and slows the progression of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy in patients with IDDM. A detailed description of the effects of this treatment on diabetic nephropathy is presented here. In the ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ki.1995.236
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) exerts its actions through a cell-surface receptor system that consists of two transmembrane subunits: the IL-6 binding glycoprotein gp 80 (IL-6R) and the signal-transducing component (gp 130). Soluble forms of the IL-6R (sIL-6R) are generated by shedding of the membrane-associated prote...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00181.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kidneys excrete the daily acid load mainly by generating and excreting ammonia but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we evaluated the role of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit Kir4.2 (Kcnj15 gene product) in this process. In mice, Kir4.2 was present exclusively at t...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2019.09.028
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic kidney disease progresses more rapidly in men than in women. To investigate the basis for this sexual dimorphism, we exposed Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells grown on collagen-coated cell culture inserts to control media, or to estradiol or testosterone (1 nM-1 microM). Compared to control and estradi...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1997.211
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The long-term prognostic associations of pre- and post-dialysis blood pressures, interdialytic weight gain, and antihypertensive use in hemodialysis patients are unclear. METHODS:The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Waves 3 and 4 Study, a randomly generated sample of ...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00636.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Besides its procoagulant activity, thrombin has been shown to stimulate cell proliferation and to regulate the fibrinolytic pathway. We report here the effect of purified human alpha thrombin on the synthesis of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) by cultured human me...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1990.297
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bioimpedance, a noninvasive technique to analyze body composition, has attracted interest in determining body hydration in hemodialysis patients. However, the so-called whole-body (wrist-to-ankle) bioimpedance analysis (WBIA) is sensitive to changes in regional fluid distribution and tends to underestimate f...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00588.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertriglyceridemia is the most prevalent lipid alteration in end-stage renal disease, and we studied the relationship between serum triglycerides and all-cause and cardiovascular death in these patients. Since abdominal fat modifies the effect of lipids on atherosclerosis, we analyzed the interaction between serum l...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2010.493
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adoptive immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancer produces significant regression of metastatic disease in selected patients, but it is complicated by severe side effects. Prevention of these complications is still limited because their precise mechanisms remain unknown. For this reason we have investigated rena...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1991.215
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro heparin sensitivity of 18 nephrotic children was compared with that of 10 normal children and 13 children with other renal diseases. The influence of age on the heparin sensitivity of 52 normal subjects (aged 12 to 85 years) was also studied. The heparin sensitivity was calculated from the dose-response c...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1987.155
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods for estimating glomerular volume were compared in Zenker-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies from 10 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 6 normal kidney donors. Two methods of measurement of individual glomerular volumes were used: the Cavalieri method (considered the "gold standard") and the m...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1992.165
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia in the embryo is a frequent cause of intra-uterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and multiple organ defects. In the kidney, this can lead to low nephron endowment, predisposing to chronic kidney disease and arterial hypertension. A key component in cellular adaptation to hypoxia is the hypoxia-inducibl...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.015
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than two isoforms have been identified for angiotensin receptors based on their ligand selectivity. The objective of this study is to determine the molecular structure of angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2), whose physiological functions are still an enigma despite extensive studies on its distribution in fetal tis...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1994.430
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membranous nephropathy is a major cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults where podocyte injuries were found to mediate the development of proteinuria. Triptolide, a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has potent immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and antiproteinuric effects. To study its antiprot...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2010.41
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::T lymphocytes modulate early ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney; however, their role during repair is unknown. We studied the role of TCRbeta(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs), known to blunt immune responses, in repair after ischemia-reperfusion injury to the kidney. Using a murine model of is...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.2009.259
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adults on chronic hemodialysis, achieving a hemoglobin concentration of 12g/dl and above with erythropoiesis stimulating agents leads to increased cardiovascular events and mortality, but this may not be true in children. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients (under 18) from the...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.013
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family members, such as Fas and TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1), are thought to induce apoptosis in a variety of cells and organs. Although a number of potential scenarios have been postulated for the involvement of these receptors in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure (ARF),...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00709.x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::From the urine of patients with calcium nephrolithiasis, and of control subjects, we isolated organic substances according to molecular size and tested them for effects on calcium oxalate precipitation. Nine subgroup materials of varying sizes were prepared by ultrafiltration and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography f...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1982.33
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plasmin protease system may have a role in maintaining the patency of renal tubules and in regulating matrix degradation within the glomerulus. Urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) is a serine protease which plays an important part in the regulation of plasmin production from plasminogen. The synthesis of u-PA b...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1994.5
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activated protein-1 (AP-1) are transcription factors that regulate many genes involved in the progression of renal disease. Recent data have shown that NF-kappaB is activated in tubules and glomeruli in various experimental models of renal injury. In vitro studies also s...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00941.x
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The podocyte is the focus of much research into the mechanisms of renal disease progression, and the number of podocytes per glomerulus has thus become a parameter of much interest. When counting podocytes, the actual particle counted is the cell nucleus. The majority of published studies estimating podocyte...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00787.x
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we assessed the prevalence of thin glomerular basement membrane (TGBM) in a large group of native kidney biopsies done for evaluation of renal disease. TGBM was present in 54 of 1078 biopsies (5%). In 12 of 54 biopsies (24%), TGBM was the only abnormality present. In the remaining biopsies TGBM wa...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1994.296
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamine accumulation in rat kidney was investigated by giving large loads of gluta, mate and aspartate and measuring glutamine changes in seven completely defined portions of the nephron and in small patches from the thin limb area and from the papilla. Both glutamate and aspartate (which is partly coverted to gluta...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ki.1978.145
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal regulation of oxalate absorption is a complex mechanism, not exclusively reliant on the oxalate-degrading anaerobe Oxalobacter formigenes. Using metagenomics, Miller et al. were able to describe a network of bacterial taxa co-occurring with Oxalobacter formigenes in fecal samples from non-stone forming cont...
journal_title:Kidney international
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.020
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00