Abstract:
:Health is not equally distributed across society; there are avoidable, unfair, systematic differences in health between population groups. Some of these same groups (older people, BAME communities, those with some non-communicable diseases (NCDs)) may be particularly vulnerable to risk of exposure and severe COVID-19 outcomes due to co-morbidities, structural vulnerabilities, and public-facing or health and social care jobs among other factors. Additionally, some of the restrictions designed to reduce SARS-CoV-2 spread impact specifically on these same groups by limiting their activity and access to preventive or health promotion services. Greenspaces, accessed with social distancing, may mitigate some of the predicted negative health effects of COVID-19 restrictions. Maintaining or increasing publicly accessible urban greenspaces, particularly for marginalised groups, is reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals, and its importance amplified in the COVID-19 pandemic. Urban greenspaces should be considered a public health and social investment and a chance to rebalance our relationship with nature to protect against future pandemics. By investing in urban public greenspaces, additional benefits (job/food creation, biodiversity promotion, carbon sequestration) may coincide with health benefits. Realising these requires a shift in the balance of decision making to place weight on protecting, enhancing and providing more appropriate greenspaces designed with local communities. The current pandemic is a reminder that humanity placing too many pressures on nature has damaging consequences. COVID-19 economic recovery programs present an opportunity for sustainable transformation if they can be leveraged to simultaneously protect and restore nature and tackle climate change and health inequalities.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Geary RS,Wheeler B,Lovell R,Jepson R,Hunter R,Rodgers Sdoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106425subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-16 00:00:00pages
106425eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(21)00009-8journal_volume
145pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The magnitude of confounding is examined in nine case studies of two "weak" relationships: between artificial sweeteners and bladder cancer, and between oral contraceptives and cervical dysplasia. Confounding had little or no influence on the results of any published study. The responsible epidemiologist must always c...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(87)90081-8
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a novel biomarker indicative of cardiovascular disease. However, little research has examined the association of muscle strengthening activities (MSA) on RDW. OBJECTIVE:Examine the association between MSA and RDW among a national sample of U.S. adults. METHODS:Dat...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.011
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Based on current trends, smoking will remain a major public health problem in the 21st century. Effective smoking prevention approaches offer the best hope for decreasing the rise in adolescent smoking rates. Competence enhancement approaches to smoking prevention are among the most successful. Yet, there is...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0674
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the U.S. Navy mandated Total Quality Leadership (TQL) as a management strategy throughout its medical department in the early 1990s, it was unknown to what extent it was being used for health promotion activities and, if so, how effectively. METHODS:A brief mail survey of 204 Navy commands suppleme...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0665
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Measurement tools such as surveys assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors need to be theoretically consistent with interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe the first steps in the process of constructing a theoretically based set of measures that is currently used in three trials to redu...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.10.015
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Participation in secondary prevention programs such as cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces morbidity, mortality, and hospitalizations while improving quality of life. Executive function (EF) is a complex set of cognitive abilities that control and regulate behavior. EF predicts many health-related behaviors, but how E...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105865
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have reported high interest in genetic testing for risk for colon or breast-ovarian cancer. These studies, however, have used samples which might be atypical with regard to level of interest evident among the general U.S. population. METHODS:As part of an annual statewide telephone health s...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1996.0086
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study describes the total physical activity and the contribution of work to total physical activity among Dutch workers. The study was conducted in the Netherlands in the years 2000-2002. METHODS:2,417 respondents of a cross-sectional survey representing the Dutch adult working population were included....
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.03.017
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although colorectal cancer is not one of the major tobacco-related cancers, a possible association with tobacco has been suggested following the observation of a relationship between cigarette smoking and colorectal adenomas. The issue of a long latency of tobacco on colorectal carcinogenesis has also been s...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1995.1091
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research has shown that social images or prototypes of smoking peers play a role in adolescents' decisions to start smoking. To devise effective prevention measures, specific information is needed about how adolescents evaluate characteristics associated with smoker prototypes. Such evaluation is assumed to ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.025
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pediatricians have an important and unique role to play in the anti-tobacco arena. They may prevent relapse to smoking in women who stopped smoking during pregnancy, encourage parents to protect infants and young children from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), prevent the onset of smoking in children and ad...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.019
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:: Little is known of the preventive effects of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms. METHODS:: A cohort of 1742 employees was selected from a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 3 years. Independent variables were sporting activities and physically active commuti...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.006
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While MD adherence to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines has been found to be uneven, nurse practitioners (NPs) and their adherence to guidelines have not been closely examined. METHODS:A retrospective chart review of new patients (n = 1339) in an NP primary health care center, four MD primary h...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.013
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Occupational diseases share many common characteristics with infectious diseases. However, the successful approach of using surveillance systems to eradicate infectious diseases has never been applied to the control and prevention of occupational diseases. METHODS:On the basis of a nationwide survey of bloo...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1995.1012
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria continues to be among the top causes of death in children and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are considered among the most effective malaria control methods. However, information on the association between universal ITN coverage and infant mortality is limited. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to M...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105790
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the 1990s, effective HIV prevention and treatment strategies have been coordinated and implemented in the United States, resulting in substantial reductions in HIV-related death and HIV transmission among people who use injection drugs. During the same period, despite substantial long-term funding of War on Drug...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.004
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This paper assesses the potential benefits of increased walking and reduced obesity associated with taking public transit in terms of dollars of medical costs saved and disability avoided. METHODS:I conduct a new analysis of a nationally representative U.S. transportation survey to gauge the net increase in ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.10.004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking has been associated with increased risk for prostate cancer in 2/13 case-control studies and 4/12 cohort studies conducted on this topic. The relationship between tobacco smoking and prostate cancer was further studied in a hospital-based case-control study in northern Italy. METHODS:Two h...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.1993.1033
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking, diet, and lack of exercise are the top preventable causes of death in the United States. Some 23% of high school students currently smoke and many teens do not meet Healthy People 2010 standards for healthy eating or physical activity. This study examined the relationship between smoking and the con...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.10.005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this multinational and cross-sectional study was to investigate whether nighttime sleep duration was associated with physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) the following day, whether daytime PA/SED were associated with sleep duration the subsequent night, and whether the associations were modif...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.006
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Initiation of sun protection strategies can be promoted, to some extent, by educational efforts, but little is known about the merit of continuing education interventions in sustaining the desired behaviors or adding new behaviors. This prospective study clarifies the choices individuals make among the four ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(92)90082-s
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ergothioneine (ET) is a natural compound which humans and other vertebrates cannot synthesize themselves; it must be absorbed from food in which it is distributed very unevenly. In general, ET is considered an intracellular antioxidant. However, the precise physiological purpose of ET and the consequences of ET defici...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.001
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electronic cigarettes ("e-cigs") have recently gained in popularity, but their health risks, including dependence potential are unclear. This study analyzed the adult database from the Wave 1 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative survey of tobacco use in the United State...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.001
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of eight adverse lifestyle risk factors which are linked to increased morbidity and mortality was determined. Smoking, excess alcohol use, obesity, lack of exercise, lack of seatbelt use, use of hazardous transportation vehicles, and inadequate rest were studied. A random sample of 147 patients from a p...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(90)90051-k
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychometric properties of a new measure of barriers youth encounter while walking to specific destinations and to validate the measure with self-reported walking to these destinations. METHODS:In 2005 in Boston, Cincinnati and San Diego, parents of youth (n=289, aged 5-18) and adolescents...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.12.006
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of screening and five years of multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on changes in alcohol intake in a general population. METHODS:The study was a pre-randomized intervention study on lifestyle, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. Participants in the intervention group (n=6 091...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.007
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the role of the habitual use of the most common artificial sweeteners (AS) in the development of urinary tract tumors (UTT) in Argentina. METHODS:Case-control study of 197 patients with histologically confirmed UTT of transitional varieties, and 397 controls with acute, non-neoplastic, and non-u...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.03.015
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Interventions targeting children's dietary behavior often include strategies that target parents as implementation agents of change, though parent involvement on intervention effectiveness is unclear. The present study systematically assessed (1) reporting of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.030
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Regular physical activity in older adults can facilitate healthy aging, improve functional capacity, and prevent disease. However, factors associated with physical inactivity in older populations are poorly understood. This study attempts to identify social-cognitive and perceived environmental influences as...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.2000.0661
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The goal of this study is to better understand factors related to physician treatment of tobacco as a chronic medical condition. METHODS:In the fall of 2000, we conducted a mail survey of primary care physicians in a large mid-western health plan. The response rate was 61% (750/1235). The survey assessed ph...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.11.016
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00