Risk.

abstract：:To examine sex-specific risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 seroconversion among intravenous drug users, the authors conducted a nested case-control study in Baltimore, Maryland, from 1988 to 1992 comparing 146 seroconverters and 539 HIV seronegative controls. Controls were matched on sex, race,...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Solomon L,Astemborski J,Warren D,Muñoz A,Cohn S,Vlahov D,Nelson KE

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Low birth weight of offspring has been associated with increased risk of maternal cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular risk factors measured within pregnancy have been related to offspring birth weight. It is not clear whether cardiovascular risk factors assessed prior to pregnancy are associated with the offs...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Romundstad PR,Davey Smith G,Nilsen TI,Vatten LJ

更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The personality domains of extraversion and neuroticism are regarded as being stable individual psychological characteristics, yet it remains unclear whether they are associated with chronic disease over an extended period of time. In a randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation nested within the original prospe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Batty GD,Jokela M,Kivimaki M,Shipley M

更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible relation between the occurrence of brain tumors in children and exposure to electric blankets or electrically heated water beds was investigated in a multicenter, population-based case-control study conducted on the West Coast of the United States. Information on maternal exposure during pregnancy or dire...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Preston-Martin S,Gurney JG,Pogoda JM,Holly EA,Mueller BA

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of DNA fingerprinting techniques for Mycobacterium tuberculosis has led to attempts to estimate the extent of recent transmission in populations, using the assumption that groups of tuberculosis patients with identical isolates ("clusters") are likely to reflect recently acquired infections. It is nev...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Glynn JR,Vynnycky E,Fine PE

更新日期：1999-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer in women was investigated in a population-based case-control study conducted in Adelaide, Australia during 1982-1984. Cases were identified through the South Australian Central Cancer Registry, and, for each case, one age-matched control was selected...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rohan TE,Baron JA

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983 the relative validity of a retrospective dietary history method was assessed against a current dietary history taken seven years previously in 1976 and a second current dietary history taken in 1983. In total, 44 men and 58 women, aged 38 to 62 years, participated in the study. For energy intake and for most n...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： van Staveren WA,West CE,Hoffmans MD,Bos P,Kardinaal AF,van Poppel GA,Schipper HJ,Hautvast JG,Hayes RB

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a multicenter study of lung cancer in lifetime nonsmokers in the United States, 646 female lung cancer patients and 1,252 population controls were interviewed regarding history of cancer in their first-degree relatives. A 30% increased risk (95% confidence interval 0.9-1.8) was found for a history of respiratory tr...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wu AH,Fontham ET,Reynolds P,Greenberg RS,Buffler P,Liff J,Boyd P,Correa P

更新日期：1996-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors present a computer program for hypothesis testing and calculation of exact binomial confidence intervals for the adjusted relative risk in follow-up studies involving multiple strata with incidence density (person-time) denominators and small or zero person-count numerators. The program is an extension to ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Guess HA,Lydick EG,Small RD,Miller LP

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged sitting time is associated with several health outcomes; limited evidence indicates associations with frailty. Our aims in this study were to identify patterns of sitting time over 12 years in middle-aged (ages 50-55 years) women and examine associations of these patterns with frailty in older age. We examin...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Susanto M,Hubbard RE,Gardiner PA

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between sleep and obesity or weight gain in adults, particularly older populations, remains unclear. In a cohort of 83,377 US men and women aged 51-72 years, we prospectively investigated the association between self-reported sleep duration and weight change over an average of 7.5 years of follow-up (...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Xiao Q,Arem H,Moore SC,Hollenbeck AR,Matthews CE

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soft drinks and other sweetened beverages may contribute to risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, research has not addressed higher risk and Asian populations. The authors examined the association between soft drinks and juice and the risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese Singaporeans enrolled in a prospective...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Odegaard AO,Koh WP,Arakawa K,Yu MC,Pereira MA

更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there is some evidence of an association between loss of a sibling in adulthood and subsequent mortality, there have been no previous studies in which investigators have examined whether the death of a sibling in childhood is associated with adult mortality using total population data. Data on a national coho...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rostila M,Berg L,Saarela J,Kawachi I,Hjern A

更新日期：2017-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A single nucleotide polymorphism, - 160C-->A, has been identified in the promoter region of the E-cadherin gene and has been shown to alter its transcriptional activity. To assess susceptibility of -160A allele carriers to seven types of cancers, the authors conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis, up to November 2006...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang GY,Lu CQ,Zhang RM,Hu XH,Luo ZW

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pooled analyses may provide etiologic insight about associations between exposure and disease. In contrast to childhood leukemia, no pooled analyses of childhood brain tumors and exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) have been conducted. The authors carried out a pooled analysis based on primar...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kheifets L,Ahlbom A,Crespi CM,Feychting M,Johansen C,Monroe J,Murphy MF,Oksuzyan S,Preston-Martin S,Roman E,Saito T,Savitz D,Schüz J,Simpson J,Swanson J,Tynes T,Verkasalo P,Mezei G

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The author evaluated the validity of four historically based variables collected on Georgia birth certificates: outcome of preceding pregnancy, history of delivery of a low- (<2,500 g) or high- (>4,000 g) birth-weight infant, and death of the baby resulting from the preceding pregnancy. Data were derived from birth an...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Adams M

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reasons for health disparities may include neighborhood-level factors, such as availability of health services, social norms, and environmental determinants, as well as individual-level factors. Investigating health inequalities using nationally or locally representative data often requires an approach that can accomm...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brumback BA,Cai Z,Dailey AB

更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of evidence support the notion that elevated blood viscosity may predispose to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus by limiting delivery of glucose, insulin, and oxygen to metabolically active tissues. To test this hypothesis, the authors analyzed longitudinal data on 12,881 initially nondiabe...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tamariz LJ,Young JH,Pankow JS,Yeh HC,Schmidt MI,Astor B,Brancati FL

更新日期：2008-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between leisure time physical activity and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality was analyzed in a Finnish cohort of 1,072 men age 35-63 years who were followed up for 10 years and 10 months. During the period, 168 deaths were recorded, 93 of which were the result of cardiovascular...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Haapanen N,Miilunpalo S,Vuori I,Oja P,Pasanen M

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged on the Indian subcontinent in late 1992 and was first recognized in Thailand in 1993. To characterize the epidemiology of this disease, a hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Samutsakorn, a port city 30 km southwest of Bangkok. Between November 15, 1993, and June 3, 19...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hoge CW,Bodhidatta L,Echeverria P,Deesuwan M,Kitporka P

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:George W. Comstock (1915-2007), MD, MPH, DrPH, was lecturer and then professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health from 1956 to 2007 and served as editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Epidemiology from 1979 to 1988. This interview of George W. Comstock took place i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since June 1982, the Wisconsin Chronic Renal Disease Program has provided reimbursement for hepatitis B virus vaccine and pre- and postvaccine serologic testing for patients and staff in all Wisconsin renal dialysis centers. Between July 1, 1982 and June 30, 1984, 444 dialysis patients in 22 renal dialysis centers and...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Steketee RW,Ziarnik ME,Davis JP

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Copper, a strong prooxidant, may play a role in atherogenesis. The author examined the association between serum copper concentration and mortality from coronary heart disease using data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1976-1992). Serum copper concentration was determined using atomic...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ford ES

更新日期：2000-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Gender and cigarette smoking are among the most consistent predictors of bladder cancer risk. After adjustment for known risk factors, an excess risk remains for males, suggesting that other factors may be responsible for the gender differences. Given limited data on hormonal or reproductive factors and bladder cancer...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： McGrath M,Michaud DS,De Vivo I

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To help public health practitioners promote physical activities with a low risk of injury, this study determined the relation among type and duration of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and musculoskeletal injury in a sample of adults enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Subjects included 4...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hootman JM,Macera CA,Ainsworth BE,Martin M,Addy CL,Blair SN

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations of Mexican descent have high occurrences of neural tube defects (NTDs). A recent study suggested that folic acid supplements may not protect these populations from NTDs. In a case-control study, the authors investigated the role of folic acid and dietary folate intake in NTD risk among Mexican Americans li...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Suarez L,Hendricks KA,Cooper SP,Sweeney AM,Hardy RJ,Larsen RD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A five-year intervention study of the effectiveness of the "Know Your Body" program in reducing coronary heart disease risk factors among black students in the District of Columbia, who were in grades 4-6 at baseline, was begun in 1983. Nine schools were stratified on socioeconomic status and randomly assigned to cont...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bush PJ,Zuckerman AE,Theiss PK,Taggart VS,Horowitz C,Sheridan MJ,Walter HJ

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneous exposure associations (HEAs) can be defined as differences in the association of an exposure with an outcome among subgroups that differ by a set of characteristics. In this article, we intend to foster discussion of HEAs in the epidemiologic literature and present a variant of the random forest algorith...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Odden MC,Rawlings AM,Khodadadi A,Fern X,Shlipak MG,Bibbins-Domingo K,Covinsky K,Kanaya AM,Lee A,Haan MN,Newman AB,Psaty BM,Peralta CA

更新日期：2020-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the 1958 National Child Development Study (1958-2004) were used in a prospective study of the relation of financial adversity in childhood to lung function in midlife. It was hypothesized that such a relation would be found and would be mediated partly by early housing deprivation, partly by continuities in ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bartley M,Kelly Y,Sacker A

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age at menarche, an early determinant of breast cancer risk, shows both a downward secular trend and marked differences by socioeconomic status, both presumably the reflection of dietary variations. A cohort study is being conducted in the Quebec City, Canada, area to assess the relation between diet, physical activit...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Moisan J,Meyer F,Gingras S

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00