Abstract：
:Physiological and behavioral evidence shows that the directionally preponderant subcortical control of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in lower mammals is supplemented in higher mammals by bidirectional cortical control. It is hypothesized that this cortical control allows higher mammals to cope with the parallactic movement of the scene produced by linear motion of the body. In particular, it is hypothesized that a coupling between OKN and stereopsis allows higher mammals to stabilize the images of objects within the plane of fixation while ignoring motion signals from objects at other distances. According to this hypothesis the gain of the slow phase of OKN should be highest for binocularly fused moving stimuli and attenuated for binocularly disparate displays. The results of Experiment 1 confirmed this prediction although the effects of accommodation were not ruled out completely. In Experiment 2 a display moving in one direction was presented across the central retina at the same time as one moving in the opposite direction was presented in the upper and lower periphery. It was found that subjects do not show OKN in the direction of the peripheral display unless it is binocularly fused and the central display is disparate. In Experiment 3 a stationary display of dots was superimposed on a moving display. It was found that OKN is not inhibited by the stationary display when it has a horizontal disparity and the moving display is fused. Experiment 4 found that horizontal OKN is disrupted by the sudden introduction of a vertical disparity in the stimulus. Since accommodative state was kept constant in the last three experiments, the data show that binocular disparities can help a person to stabilize selectively the image of one moving display while ignoring conflicting motion signals from another display.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Howard IP,Gonzalez EGdoi
10.1016/0042-6989(87)90109-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
1807-16issue
10eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
0042-6989(87)90109-Xjournal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:We have examined the ability of observers to parse bimodal local-motion distributions into two global motion surfaces, either overlapping (yielding transparent motion) or spatially segregated (yielding a motion boundary). The stimuli were random dot kinematograms in which the direction of motion of each dot was drawn ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00168-0
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper examines the role of spatial frequency and orientation tuned channels in the perception of visual symmetry. Subjects discriminated between band-pass filtered, white noise textures that either did or did not contain vertical bilateral symmetry (VBS, i.e., around a vertical midline) as a function of the spati...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00031-x
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Random-dot cinematograms comprising many different, spatially intermingled local motion vectors can produce a percept of global coherent motion in a single direction. Thresholds for discriminating the direction of global motion were measured under various conditions. Discrimination thresholds increased with the width ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(92)90097-3
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with central vision loss are often advised by low vision rehabilitation professionals to read bolder print to ameliorate their reading difficulties. Is boldface print really effective in improving reading performance for people with central vision loss? In this study, we evaluated how reading speed depends on...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2018.10.012
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flickering lights can be uncomfortable to look at and can induce seizures in observers with photosensitive epilepsy. However, the temporal characteristics contributing to these effects are not fully known. In the spatial domain, one identified source of visual discomfort is when images have Fourier amplitude spectra t...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.05.015
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From the earliest stages of sensory processing, neurons show inherent non-linearities: the response to a complex stimulus is not a sum of the responses to a set of constituent basis stimuli. These non-linearities come in a number of forms and have been explained in terms of a number of functional goals. The family of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2015.10.015
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research has suggested that whereas some techniques show that subjects with a specific reading disability (SRD) have greater visible persistence than controls, a temporal integration of form technique does not. It has been suggested that the failure of the temporal integration task to show a difference result...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)00278-t
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contrast transducer function (d' vs. contrast) for sine gratings was claimed to come up from some non-zero contrast value rather than from the origin. This implies that there is a point (a hard threshold) on the grating contrast axis below which observers could not distinguish between presentations containing grat...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.015
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When a horizontal bar is presented after a single dot is shown at one of its ends, an illusory motion is seen which has been dubbed "motion induction" in the literature. The phenomenon has been attributed to a facilitation process which asymmetrically modulates the inputs to motion detectors, for instance by some sort...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00004-7
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine how local velocities from different regions of the visual field combine to form a coherent motion percept, we subjected a sinusoidal line stimulus to translational motion. Horizontal movement of a sinewave line along its axial direction is perceived as nonrigid if the angle at the zero crossing is smaller t...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(88)90052-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In preview search when an observer ignores an early appearing set of distractors, there can subsequently be impeded detection of new targets that share the colour of this preview. This "negative carry-over effect" has been attributed to an active inhibitory process targeted against the old items and inadvertently thei...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2014.02.007
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A long-wavelength background can affect the appearance of an increment of light superimposed upon it in two ways. It can change the visual system's sensitivity to the increment, and it can change the appearance of the increment by directly adding redness to it. Through selective retinal-image stabilization, we evoked ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(93)90155-p
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the ultimate goals of vision research is to understand how some elements are grouped together and differentiated from others to form object representations in a complex visual scene. There exists an extensive literature on this grouping/segmentation problem, but most of the studies have used un-recognizable sti...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.002
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of glutamate and its agonists on horizontal cells appeared diversely when studied in turtle eyecup preparations. Consistent results were obtained when the isolated retina preparations were used. Not only kainate and quisqualate but also N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) caused a sustained depolarization and light-ev...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(89)90002-3
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatiotopic cues, such as perceived distance, have little effect on accommodation unless blur has been reduced or eliminated. We investigated the effect of perceived distance on accommodation under binocular steady-state conditions, about which little is known. Blur was reduced but not eliminated by using a stimulus w...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)00157-h
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How the visual brain integrates temporally dispersed information is an open question. Often, it is assumed that the visual system simply sums light over a certain period of time (e.g. Bloch's law). However, in feature fusion, information presented later dominates, suggesting complex temporal dynamics that cannot be de...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reentrant processing has been proposed as a critical mechanism in visual perception of an object's features. In order to test whether reentry is critical for visual awareness of object presence, the success of reentry was manipulated with object substitution masking (OSM) while participants performed a forced-choice t...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2012.05.001
更新日期：2012-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Oculomotor capture can occur automatically in a bottom-up way through the sudden appearance of a new object or in a top-down fashion when a stimulus in the array matches the contents of working memory. However, it is not clear whether or not working memory processing can influence the early stages of oculomotor captur...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.015
更新日期：2010-07-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinal prostheses attempt to restore some amount of vision to totally blind patients. Vision evoked this way will be however severely constrained because of several factors (e.g., size of the implanted device, number of stimulating contacts, etc.). We used simulations of artificial vision to study how such restrictio...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.04.027
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an ongoing debate on whether binocular rivalry involves competition among monocular cells or binocular cells. We investigated this issue psychophysically with two specially designed test stimuli. One test stimulus contained monocular motion signals but greatly reduced binocular motion signals, while the other...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.08.007
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motion aftereffects are normally tested in regions of the visual field that have been directly exposed to motion (local or concrete MAEs). We compared concrete MAEs with remote or phantom MAEs, in which motion is perceived in regions not previously adapted to motion. Our aim was to study the spatial dependencies and s...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.04.001
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceptual facilitation in detecting low-contrast Gabor patches (GPs) is induced by collinearly oriented high-contrast flankers. Our recent Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) study provided new physiological evidence for these collinear interactions, reflected by nonlinear modulation of multiple waveform components and f...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.013
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensitivity to the sudden displacement (phase shift) of a single monocularly presented sinusoidal grating is increased when a static grating of similar spatial frequency is presented to the same eye. If the static grating is presented to the other eye instead sensitivity is, at best, halved. This demonstration implies...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(87)90076-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceived size of 'P' and 'p' is influenced by their vertical position relative to nearby letters. In the experiments reported here, we show that uppercase 'P' appears smallest when it is displaced downward toward the letter's lowercase position, whereas lowercase 'p' appears largest when it is near the uppercase ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00192-3
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differential spatial displacement discrimination thresholds were determined for a configuration of three identical Gaussian modulated patches of sinusoidal grating presented with equal orientation and at threshold luminance contrast. The patches were arranged one above the other at equal spatial intervals. The orienta...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We use a difficult shape identification task to analyze how humans extract 3D surface structure from dynamic 2D stimuli--the kinetic depth effect (KDE). Stimuli composed of luminous tokens moving on a less luminous background yield accurate 3D shape identification regardless of the particular token used (either dots, ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(91)90153-v
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the use of the simple motor reaction time (RT), we examined the contribution of the hemiretinas to the timing of the pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PVEP). RTs were obtained to the reversal of a progressively dimmer check falling either on the central, nasal, temporal, superior or inferior retina. Resul...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00117-x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many visual attributes of a target stimulus are computed according to dynamic, non-retinotopic reference frames. For example, the motion trajectory of a reflector on a bicycle wheel is perceived as orbital, even though it is in fact cycloidal in retinal, as well as spatial coordinates. We cannot perceive the cycloidal...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2015.05.010
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For rapidly translating targets, vernier thresholds correspond to millisecond asynchronies between targets. The 'temporal hypothesis' is that these thresholds reflect the limiting sensitivity of asynchrony detectors. Previous studies showed that temporal thresholds are generally higher than vernier thresholds, but fai...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00035-3
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of multiple regression analyses was conducted on a corpus of eye movement data to examine whether the influence of properties of words n-1 and n+1 on the time spent fixating word n changes as a function of whether word n is associated with a punctuation mark (i.e., whether or not a punctuation mark separates ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.12.006
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
