Abstract：
:Increasing epidemiological and experimental evidence implicates gestational infections as one important factor involved in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Corresponding preclinical model systems based upon maternal immune activation (MIA) by treatment of the pregnant female have been developed. These MIA animal model systems have been successfully used in basic and translational research approaches, contributing to the investigation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels. The present article focuses on the application of a specific MIA rodent paradigm, based upon treatment of the gestating dam with the viral mimic polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid (Poly(I:C)), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) which activates the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) pathway. Important advantages and constraints of this animal model will be discussed, specifically in light of gestational infection as one vulnerability factor contributing to the complex etiology of mood and psychotic disorders, which are likely the result of intricate multi-level gene×environment interactions. Improving our currently incomplete understanding of the molecular pathomechanistic principles underlying these disorders is a prerequisite for the development of alternative therapeutic approaches which are critically needed in light of the important drawbacks and limitations of currently available pharmacological treatment options regarding efficacy and side effects. The particular relevance of the Poly(I:C) MIA model for the discovery of novel drug targets for symptomatic and preventive therapeutic strategies in mood and psychotic disorders is highlighted in this review article.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Reisinger S,Khan D,Kong E,Berger A,Pollak A,Pollak DDdoi
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.01.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
213-26eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
S0163-7258(15)00002-9journal_volume
149pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:While antibiotics revolutionized the treatment of infectious disease in the 20th century, bacterial resistance now threatens to render many of them ineffective. Aminoglycosides are a class of clinically important antibiotics used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive and -negative organisms. They are ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(02)00197-3
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abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a growing clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development of safe and effective pharmacological treatments for AF is one of the greatest unmet medical needs facing our society. In spite of significant progress in non-pharmacological AF treatments (largely due...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.08.002
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.06.004
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00037-6
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abstract：:Unless it is carefully controlled, bias often distorts the results of clinical trials, usually exaggerating the magnitude of true efficacy. For that reason, procedures to limit bias have been mandated by the FDA when assessing efficacy in clinical trials. The present review shows that the effects of bias in preclinica...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(91)90029-l
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(89)90073-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review provides biochemical, analytical, and biological background information relating to beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (HexNAc'ase; EC 3.2.1.52) as an emerging target for the design of low-molecular-weight antifungals. The article includes the following: (1) a biochemical description of HexNAc'ase (reaction catal...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00110-1
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.009
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.005
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(89)90030-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.05.007
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleoside monophosphate kinases catalyze the reversible phosphotransferase reaction between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates, i.e., monophosphates are converted to their corresponding diphosphate form. These enzymes play an important role in the synthesis of nucleotides that are required for a variety of c...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00048-6
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the adverse effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the small and large intestine. NSAIDs cause small intestinal inflammation in 65% of patients receiving the drugs long-term. The clinical implications of NSAID-induced enteropathy are that patients bleed and lose protein from the inflamma...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(94)90008-6
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) into leukotriene (LT) A(4) and 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid. LTA(4) can then be converted into LTB(4) by LTA(4) hydrolase or into LTC(4) by LTC(4) synthase and the LTC(4) synthase isoenzymes MGST2 and MGST3. LTB(4) is a potent chemoattractan...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.05.009
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial progress in the identification of genes encoding for a large number of proteins responsible for various aspects of neurotransmitter release, postsynaptic detection and downstream signaling, has advanced our understanding of the mechanisms by which neurons communicate and interact. Nicotinic acetylcholine r...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.08.012
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite a 25-30% reduction in CVD risk with LDL-C reducing strategies, there is still a significant residual risk. Moreover, achieving target LDL-C values in individuals at high CVD...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.03.005
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decades of research have established that the biological functions of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) extend far beyond its role as a regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Gary et al. [Gary, K.A., Sevarino, K.A., Yarbrough, G.G., Prange, A.J. Jr., Winokur, A. (2003). The thyrotropin-releasing hormo...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.09.004
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), tissue remodeling, and airflow obstruction. The pathogenesis of asthma is only partly understood, and there is an urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies for this disease. Microarray technology has considerable promise ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.08.009
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical evidence indicates that female sex steroids may contribute to the high prevalence of migraine in women, as well as changes in the frequency or severity of migraine attacks that are in tandem with various reproductive milestones in women's life. While female sex steroids do not seem to be involved in the patho...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.08.009
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nuclear transport proteins, importins and exportins (karyopherin-β proteins), may play an important role in cancer by transporting key mediators of oncogenesis across the nuclear membrane in cancer cells. During nucleocytoplasmic transport of tumor suppressor proteins and cell cycle regulators during the processin...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.020
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Common arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) are a major public health concern. Classic antiarrhythmic (AA) drugs for AF are of limited effectiveness, and pose the risk of life-threatening VT/VF. For VT/VF, implantable cardiac defibrillators appear to be th...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.003
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell proliferation is an essential mechanism for growth, development and regeneration of eukaryotic organisms; however, it is also the cause of one of the most devastating diseases of our era: cancer. Given the relevance of the processes in which cell proliferation is involved, its regulation is of paramount importanc...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.01.011
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the rece...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.011
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) family includes TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC proteins, which are encoded by NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 genes, respectively. Binding of neurotrophins to TRK proteins induces receptor dimerization, phosphorylation, and activation of the downstream signaling cascades via PI3K, RAS/MAPK/ERK, and ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.006
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The understanding of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains as a challenge. More than 10% of the population of developed countries suffer from CKD. Proliferation and activation of myofibroblasts and accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins are the main features of kidney fibrosis, a process in whi...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.10.003
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Favipiravir has been developed as an anti-influenza drug and licensed as an anti-influenza drug in Japan. Additionally, favipiravir is being stockpiled for 2 million people as a countermeasure for novel influenza strains. This drug functions as a chain terminator at the site of incorporation of the viral RNA and reduc...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107512
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primaquine is the only antimalarial drug available to clinicians for the treatment of relapsing forms of malaria. Primaquine development and usage dates back to the 1940s and has been administered to millions of individuals to treat and eliminate malaria infections. Primaquine therapy is not without disadvantages, how...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.011
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
