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Chronotype and seasonality: morningness is associated with lower seasonal mood and behavior changes in the Old Order Amish.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Several studies documented that lower scores on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) are associated with a higher global seasonality of mood (GSS). As for the Modern Man artificial lighting predominantly extends evening activity and exposure to light, and as evening bright light phase is known to delay circadian rhythms, this chronic exposure could potentially lead to both lower Morningness as well as higher GSS. The aim of the study was to investigate if the MEQ-GSS relationship holds in the Old Order Amish of Lancaster County, PA, a population that does not use network electrical light. METHODS:489 Old Order Amish adults (47.6% women), with average (SD) age of 49.7 (14.2) years, completed both the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) for the assessment of GSS, and MEQ. Associations between GSS scores and MEQ scores were analyzed using linear models, accounting for age, gender and relatedness by including the relationship matrix in the model as a random effect. RESULTS:GSS was inversely associated with MEQ scores (p=0.006, adjusted). LIMITATIONS:include a potential recall bias associated with self-report questionnaires and no actual light exposure measurements. CONCLUSION:We confirmed the previously reported inverse association between MEQ scores and lower seasonality of mood, for the first time in a population that does not use home network electrical lighting. This result suggests that the association is not a byproduct of exposure to network electric light, and calls for additional research to investigate mechanisms by which Morningness is negatively associated with seasonality.

journal_name

J Affect Disord

journal_title

Journal of affective disorders

authors

Zhang L,Evans DS,Raheja UK,Stephens SH,Stiller JW,Reeves GM,Johnson M,Ryan KA,Weizel N,Vaswani D,McLain H,Shuldiner AR,Mitchell BD,Hsueh WC,Snitker S,Postolache TT

doi

10.1016/j.jad.2014.11.039

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-03-15 00:00:00

pages

209-14

eissn

0165-0327

issn

1573-2517

pii

S0165-0327(14)00749-6

journal_volume

174

pub_type

杂志文章

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Chronotype and seasonality: morningness is associated with lower seasonal mood and behavior changes in the Old Order Amish.