Abstract:
:The ability of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to cross cell membranes has found numerous applications in the delivery of bioactive compounds to the cytosol of living cells. Their internalization mechanisms have been questioned many times, and after 20 years of intense debate, it is now widely accepted that both energy-dependent and energy-independent mechanisms account for their penetration properties. However, the energy-independent mechanisms, named "direct translocation", occurring without the requirement of the cell internalization machinery, remain to be fully rationalized at the molecular level. Using artificial membrane bilayers, recent progress has been made toward the comprehension of the direct translocation event. This review summarizes our current understanding of the translocation process, starting from the adsorption of the CPP on the membrane to the membrane crossing itself. We describe the different key steps occurring before direct translocation, because each of them can promote and/or hamper translocation of the CPP through the membrane. We then dissect the modification to the membranes induced by the presence of the CPPs. Finally, we focus on the latest studies describing the direct translocation mechanisms. These results provide an important framework within which to design new CPPs and to rationalize an eventual selectivity of CPPs in their penetration ability.
journal_name
Biochemistryjournal_title
Biochemistryauthors
Di Pisa M,Chassaing G,Swiecicki JMdoi
10.1021/bi501392nsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-20 00:00:00pages
194-207issue
2eissn
0006-2960issn
1520-4995journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BIOCHEMISTRY文献大全abstract::The structure of premature core enzyme, an obligatory intermediate in both in vivo and in vitro assembly of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, was compared with that of native core enzyme. Though this assembled but inactive form of core enzyme harbors the gross conformation similar to that of native enzyme...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00573a006
更新日期:1979-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Two chimeric receptors were constructed by transposing the coding regions for the putative N-terminal domains of the human calcitonin (hCTR) and glucagon (hGGR) receptors. These receptors were stably expressed as glycosylated proteins with molecular masses of 80 kDa for the calcitonin receptor N-terminus chimera (NtCT...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00003a040
更新日期:1995-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Anastellin is a small recombinant fragment derived from the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin; it comprises the first type III (FN3) domain without the two N-terminal β-strands. It inhibits angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis in mouse models and requires endogenous fibronectin for its in vivo anti-angiog...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00633
更新日期:2017-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::A detailed kinetic analysis of the catalytic trimer of aspartate transcarbamoylase containing the active site substitution H134A was performed to investigate the role of His 134 in the catalytic mechanism. Replacement of histidine by alanine resulted in decreases in the affinities for the two substrates, carbamoyl pho...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00143a031
更新日期:1992-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is provided for direct protein-protein interactions between protein kinase C (PKC) alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma, delta, epsilon, and zeta and members of the Rho family of small GTPases. Previous investigations, based on the immunoprecipitation approach, have provided evidence consistent with a direct interacti...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi001654n
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The C-terminal src kinase (CSK) is a ubiquitously expressed, cytosolic enzyme capable of phosphorylating and inactivating several plasma membrane-bound src-family protein tyrosine kinases in vitro [Nada, S., Okada, M., MacAuley, A., Cooper, J.A., & Nakagawa, H. (1990) Nature 351, 69-72; Bergman, M., Mustelin, T., Oetk...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi9603940
更新日期:1996-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::The neutron structure of subtilisin BPN' has been refined and analyzed at 2.0-A resolution. The structure studied was a mutant variant of subtilisin, Met222----Gln, and was used because large, uninhibited crystals could be grown, which was not the case for the native molecule. Comparison of the structure with that of ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00219a008
更新日期:1991-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Flavocytochrome b2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae couples L-lactate dehydrogenation to cytochrome c reduction. At 25 degrees C, 0.10 M ionic strength, and saturating L-lactate concentration, the turnover rate is 207 s-1 [per cytochrome c reduced; Miles, C. S., Rouviere, N., Lederer, F., Mathews, F. S., Reid, G. A., Bla...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi9522561
更新日期:1996-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::A common motif in protein structures is the assembly of alpha-helices. Natural alpha-helical assemblies, such as helical bundles and coiled coils, consist of multiple right-handed alpha-helices. Here we design a protein complex containing both left-handed and right-handed helices, with peptides of D- and L-amino acids...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi010725v
更新日期:2001-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::The extrinsic 33-kDa protein (P33) was cross-linked covalently to the binding site on P33-depleted PSII preparations which is responsible for reconstitution of photosynthetic water oxidation after PSII preparations have been washed with 1 M CaCl2. Conditions were found in which more than half of the cross-linked prote...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00439a033
更新日期:1989-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::The ligation state of hemoglobin during its cross-linking by glycolaldehyde influences the ultimate oxygen affinity of the cross-linked protein. Thus, if the cross-linking is performed with carbonmonoxy-hemoglobin, the oxygen affinity increases slightly to a P50 of 7 mmHg from a P50 of 9 mmHg for unmodified hemoglobin...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00417a064
更新日期:1988-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::A covalent dimer of Saccharomyces cerevisiae iso-1 cytochrome c is stabilized by an interchain disulfide bond involving the cysteine residue penultimate to the C-terminus. The individual chains in the dimer appear to retain the tertiary structural features characteristic for monomeric cytochrome c albeit with some per...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00335a011
更新日期:1985-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::Urea lesions are formed in DNA because of free radical damage of the thymine base, and their occurrence in DNA blocks DNA polymerases, which has deleterious consequences. Recently, it has been shown that urea is capable of forming hydrogen bonding and stacking interactions with nucleobases, which are responsible for t...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00309
更新日期:2016-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferases [APH(3')s] are the most common cause of bacterial high-level resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics in clinical isolates. A one-step affinity chromatography was used to purify APH(3') type Ia. The kinetic parameters for turnover of seven aminoglycosides and the corresponding min...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00039a026
更新日期:1995-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::The virally encoded integrase protein carries out retroviral integration, which requires specific interactions with the two ends of the viral DNA, and also with host DNA that is the target of integration. We attached a photo-cross-linking agent to specific viral and target DNA sites to identify regions of the integras...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi972949c
更新日期:1998-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::The environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes 6-propionyl-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)naphthalene (PRODAN) and 2'-(N,N-dimethylamino)-6-naphthoyl-4-trans-cyclohexanioc acid (DANCA) form complexes with the heme binding site of apohorseradish peroxidase. The dissociation constants of the PRODAN and DANCA complexes were dete...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi951983t
更新日期:1996-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Locked nucleic acid (LNA) is a nucleic acid analogue containing one or more LNA nucleotide monomers with a bicyclic furanose unit locked in an RNA mimicking sugar conformation. LNA oligonucleotides display unprecedented hybridization affinity toward complementary single-stranded RNA and complementary single- or double...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/bi0485732
更新日期:2004-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::The mutants Arg54-->Leu, Arg54-->Lys, Arg305-->Lys, Asp309-->Glu, and Trp317-->Phe, located at subsites 1 and 2 in glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger, provide insight into the importance of specific hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions in substrate recognition, catalytic mechanism, and stability. As suggested ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00032a009
更新日期:1995-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::When alpha,beta-unsaturated substrates bind to the active site of enoyl-CoA hydratase, large spectral changes can be observed [D'Ordine, R. L., et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 12635-12643]. The differences in the isotropic magnetic shieldings of the free and active site-bound forms of the carbonyl, alpha-, and beta-car...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi015845h
更新日期:2002-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::We have performed microsecond (μs) molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) to identify structural mechanisms for sarcolipin (SLN) uncoupling of Ca2+ transport from ATP hydrolysis for the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). SLN regulates muscle metabolism and energy expenditure to provide resistance against diet-in...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00728
更新日期:2016-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterioferritins are members of a class of spherical shell-like iron storage proteins that catalyze the oxidation and hydrolysis of iron at specific sites inside the protein shell, resulting in formation of a mineral core of hydrated ferric oxide within the protein cavity. Electrode oximetry/pH stat was used to study...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi992631f
更新日期:2000-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The PEGylated hemoglobin (Hb) has been evaluated as a potential blood substitute. In an attempt to understand the autoxidation of the PEGylated Hb, we have studied the autoxidation of the PEGylated Hb site-specifically modified at Cys-93(beta) or at Val-1(beta). PEGylation of Hb at Cys-93(beta) perturbed the heme envi...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi800906z
更新日期:2008-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized the importance of size, sulfation, and anticoagulant activity of heparin in release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from the subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) and the luminal surface of the vascular endothelium. For this purpose, 125I-bFGF was first incubated with ECM and conflue...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00122a027
更新日期:1992-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::The gamma subunit of the retinal cGMP phosphodiesterase (gammaPDE) acts as an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) catalytic activity and mediates enzyme regulation by the alpha subunit of the GTP-binding protein transducin (alphaT). In this work, we describe a full length, doubly point-mutated gamma subunit, C68S, Y8...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi981683m
更新日期:1999-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::The reversible decline of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor's response to acetylcholine during prolonged exposure to acetylcholine is known as desensitization. Here, we studied ethanol's modulation of fast agonist-induced desensitization of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in postsynaptic membrane vesicles from...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00197a009
更新日期:1994-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Multiply branched polylactosaminoglycans are expressed in glycoproteins and glycolipids of many cells. Interest in their biology stems from their abundant expression in early embryonal cells and from their ability to carry multiple lectin-binding determinants, which makes them prominent ligands and antagonists of cell...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi9627673
更新日期:1997-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Osmoregulatory transporters stimulate bacterial growth by mediating osmoprotectant uptake in response to increasing osmotic pressure. The ProP protein of Escherichia coli transports proline and other osmoprotectants. Like LacY, ProP is a member of the major facilitator superfamily and a H(+)-solute symporter. ProP is ...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi101281f
更新日期:2010-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::The fidelity of the poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D(pol)) plays a direct role in the genomic evolution and pathogenesis of the virus. A single site mutation (Gly64Ser) that is remote from the catalytic center results in a higher fidelity polymerase. NMR studies with [methyl-(13)C]methionine-labeled protein...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi100833r
更新日期:2010-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme form of the calcium adenosinetriphosphatase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (CaATPase) that is stable in the presence of calcium, cE.Ca2, has a binding site for the catalytic Mg2+ ion with a dissociation constant of 0.94 +/- 0.15 mM at 25 degrees C, pH 7.0, and 100 mM KCl. This is approximately 10 times smaller t...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi00077a016
更新日期:1993-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::The conformational constraints for apoA-I bound to recombinant phospholipid complexes (rHDL) were attained from a combination of chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry. Molecular distances were then used to refine models of lipid-bound apoA-I on both 80 and 96 A diameter rHDL particles. To obtain molecular const...
journal_title:Biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/bi700384t
更新日期:2007-07-03 00:00:00