Sensitivity to noise in a community sample: II. Measurement of psychophysiological indices.

abstract：:Difficulties in set-shifting are commonly reported in both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) populations. Despite this, it is not known whether this cognitive profile persists across different ages, or whether the profiles seen in ASD and AN are comparable. This systematic review and meta-analys...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Westwood H,Stahl D,Mandy W,Tchanturia K

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuroimaging studies have shown variance in brain response to emotional faces predicts cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) outcome. An important next step is to determine if individual differences in neural predictors of CBT response represent distinct patient groups. METHODS:In total, 90 patients with inter...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Klumpp H,Jimmy J,Burkhouse KL,Bhaumik R,Francis J,Craske MG,Phan KL,Ajilore O

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Belief inflexibility is a thinking style observed in patients with schizophrenia, in which patients tend to refute evidence that runs counter to their prior beliefs. This bias has been related to a dominance of prior expectations (prior beliefs) over incoming sensory evidence. In this study we investigated t...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Barbalat G,Rouault M,Bazargani N,Shergill S,Blakemore SJ

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress and vulnerability likely interact to play a major role in psychosis. While much has been written about the neural diathesis-stress model in psychosis and its clinical risk states, little is known about HPA axis biomarkers in non-help-seeking individuals at familial high risk (FHR). We sought to prospe...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Shah JL,Tandon N,Howard ER,Mermon D,Miewald JM,Montrose DM,Keshavan MS

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past some workers have reported positive relationships between indices of noradrenaline activity and measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis function. In order to investigate these relations, the authors measured noradrenaline, adrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) in 24 h urine samples of 72...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Maes M,Vandewoude M,Schotte C,Martin M,Blockx P

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although psychiatric patients with eating disorders are known to be at risk for a variety of health problems, relatively little is known about eating disorders and associated health problems in other populations. An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate health problems and impairment associated ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Johnson JG,Spitzer RL,Williams JB

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Refugees commonly experience difficulties with emotional processing, such as alexithymia, due to stressful or traumatic experiences. However, the functional connectivity of the amygdala, which is central to emotional processing, has yet to be assessed in refugees. Thus, the present study investigated the res...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kim N,Park I,Lee YJ,Jeon S,Kim S,Lee KH,Park J,Kim HK,Gwaq AR,Jun JY,Yoo SY,Lee SH,Kim SJ

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Taxometric procedures have been used extensively to investigate whether individual differences in personality and psychopathology are latently dimensional or categorical ('taxonic'). We report the first meta-analysis of taxometric research, examining 317 findings drawn from 183 articles that employed an index of the c...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Haslam N,McGrath MJ,Viechtbauer W,Kuppens P

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that a diagnosis of cancer and the subsequent treatment can cause a great deal of stress, and the need for psychosocial support is increasingly being advocated. The data for the efficacy of intervention programmes are reviewed. The evidence relating to the benefits gained by patients is equivoca...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Watson M

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The CAMCOG, the cognitive section of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX), was administered twice to 53 patients with a clinical diagnosis ranging from no dementia to severe dementia. The stability of the total CAMCOG score was high (0.97). Patients with less than moderate dementia we...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lindeboom J,Ter Horst R,Hooyer C,Dinkgreve M,Jonker C

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychiatric disorders are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, few studies have examined the course of disorder development and the influence of pre-injury psychiatric history. The present study aimed to examine the frequency of, and association between, psychiatric disorders occurring pre...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gould KR,Ponsford JL,Johnston L,Schönberger M

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although a substantial body of research points to a link between psychological distress and inflammatory responses in middle-aged and older adults, particularly those with cardiovascular disease, the relationship between inflammation and distress in young, healthy individuals has not been established. This s...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Goldman-Mellor S,Brydon L,Steptoe A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies support Beck's cognitive model of vulnerability to depression. However, the relationship between his cognitive triad and other clinical features and risk factors among those with major depression (MD) has rarely been systematically studied. METHOD:The three key cognitive symptoms of worthle...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wang L,Liu L,Shi S,Gao J,Liu Y,Li Y,Zhang Z,Wang G,Zhang K,Tao M,Gao C,Li K,Wang X,Lv L,Jiang G,Wang X,Jia H,Zhang J,Lu C,Li Y,Li K,Hu C,Ning Y,Li Y,Sun J,Liu T,Zhang Y,Ha B,Tian H,Meng H,Hu J

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the key intermediate in the gene expression pathway. The amount of mRNA in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains has been determined using in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) to detect the poly(A) tails of polyadenylated mRNA (poly(A) + mRNA). On a regional basis, AD cases had significantly l...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Harrison PJ,Barton AJ,Najlerahim A,McDonald B,Pearson RC

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The association between cigarette smoking and psychosis remains unexplained, but could relate to causal effects in both directions, confounding by socioeconomic factors, such as ethnicity, or use of other substances, including cannabis. Few studies have evaluated the association between cigarettes and psycho...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bhavsar V,Jauhar S,Murray RM,Hotopf M,Hatch SL,McNeill A,Boydell J,MacCabe JH

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the conditioned fear paradigm, repeated pairing of an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) (e.g. electric shock) with a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) (e.g. bright light) results in a conditioned fear response to the light alone. Animal studies have shown that the amygdala plays a critical role in acqu...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bremner JD,Vermetten E,Schmahl C,Vaccarino V,Vythilingam M,Afzal N,Grillon C,Charney DS

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Delusional disorder (DD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been investigated in previous studies using probabilistic reasoning paradigms and abnormalities in each group have been reported. No study to date has compared results between these groups. This study compares patients with these disorders...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Fear CF,Healy D

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To date, there has been no large-scale survey of geriatric depression (GD) involving both rural and urban areas in China using standardized assessment tools and diagnostic criteria. This study aimed to determine the 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates of GD and sociodemographic correlates in urban and rur...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Ma X,Xiang YT,Li SR,Xiang YQ,Guo HL,Hou YZ,Cai ZJ,Li ZB,Li ZJ,Tao YF,Dang WM,Wu XM,Deng J,Ungvari GS,Chiu HF

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most evidence in the UK on the effectiveness of brief therapy for depression concerns cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). In a trial published in 2000, we showed that non-directive counselling and CBT were equally effective in general practice for patients with depression and mixed anxiety and depression. Our...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： King M,Marston L,Bower P

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Victims of war captivity sometimes suffer from complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a unique form of PTSD that entails various alterations in personality. These alterations may involve changes in attachment orientation. METHOD:The sample comprised two groups of veterans from the 1973 Yom Kippur Wa...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Solomon Z,Dekel R,Mikulincer M

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The effect of prenatal distress on the risk of a small for gestational age (SGA) infant is uncertain. We have addressed the influences of prenatal stress, anxiety and depression on the risk of SGA. We also examined the effects of infant sex and timing of distress during pregnancy on any observed associations...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Khashan AS,Everard C,McCowan LM,Dekker G,Moss-Morris R,Baker PN,Poston L,Walker JJ,Kenny LC

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parental representation was assessed with the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) in 12 monozygotic (MZ) and 19 dizygotic (DZ) same-sexed twin pairs discordant for DSM-III-R schizophrenia. The schizophrenic twins reported less care and more overprotection from both parents than the non-schizophrenic co-twins. Multiple r...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Onstad S,Skre I,Torgersen S,Kringlen E

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of certain psychiatric syndromes (e.g. panic attacks, post-traumatic stress disorder) is crucially dependent on the psychosocial context in which they arise. For other syndromes (e.g. schizophrenia), the context is generally irrelevant. Should the diagnosis of major depression (MD) be made depe...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Myers J,Halberstadt LJ

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from a general population survey of psychiatric disorder in Camberwell were used to calculate the risk of a CATEGO-defined depressive episode before the age of 65, using a modification of Strömgren's method. Current depression was defined as cases within the relevant categories of the CATEGO program and at thresh...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bebbington P,Katz R,McGuffin P,Tennant C,Hurry J

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-traumatic stress disorder was first recognized as a diagnostic category embracing reactions in response to overwhelming environmental stress 'outside the range of usual human experience' in DSM-III (APA, 1980). Such abnormal stressors are by no means a product of the twentieth century but have featured, sporadica...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Parry-Jones B,Parry-Jones WL

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder is a common condition of excessive worry and tension which tends to run a chronic course associated with significant psychiatric and medical problems. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been shown to be of clinical value in about 50% of cases with treatment gains maintained ov...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Durham RC,Chambers JA,MacDonald RR,Power KG,Major K

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relationship between personality factors and depression in subjects who may have a familial vulnerability to depression (i.e. first-degree relatives of depressed patients). Four groups comprised our study sample: relatives who had never experienced a psychiatric episode of depression; relatives...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Katz R,McGuffin P

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Discriminating Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from depression is a challenge in psychogeriatric medicine. A study was set up to ascertain whether cued recall could be useful in differentiating early AD and MCI from depression among elderly individuals. METHOD:The Visual Associa...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Dierckx E,Engelborghs S,De Raedt R,De Deyn PP,Ponjaert-Kristoffersen I

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent anthropological studies have documented the importance of understanding the relation of culture to the experience of mental illness. The use of interviews that elicit explanatory models has facilitated such research, but currently available interviews are lengthy and impractical for epidemiological st...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lloyd KR,Jacob KS,Patel V,St Louis L,Bhugra D,Mann AH

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Results of adulthood mental health of those born late-preterm (34 + 0-36 + 6 weeks + days of gestation) are mixed and based on national registers. We examined if late-preterm birth was associated with a higher risk for common mental disorders in young adulthood when using a diagnostic interview, and if this ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Heinonen K,Kajantie E,Pesonen AK,Lahti M,Pirkola S,Wolke D,Lano A,Sammallahti S,Lahti J,Andersson S,Eriksson JG,Raikkonen K

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00