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Biological monitoring method for urinary neonicotinoid insecticides using LC-MS/MS and its application to Japanese adults.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:Agricultural use of neonicotinoid (NEO) insecticides has been increasing in recent years, but their biological monitoring methods have been scarcely reported. In this study, we developed and validated a rapid and sensitive method for quantifying urinary NEO concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). METHODS:After phosphate-induced acidification of a urine sample, urinary NEOs were trapped by a solid-phase extraction column and eluted with methanol for acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin and dinotefuran and with an acetonitrile and methanol solution (1:1, v/v) containing 5% NH3 for nitenpyram. A separation analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS within 10 minutes for the sample. This method was applied to first morning urine obtained from 52 Japanese (40.9 ± 10.5 years old, mean ± standard deviation) without occupational NEO exposure. RESULTS:The linear dynamic ranges and their limit of quantification (LOQ, signal to noise ratio=10) levels were 0.3-20 or 50 µg/l (r=0.998-0.999) and 0.05-0.36 µg/l, respectively. The absolute recovery was 64-95%, and the intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 16.4% (relative standard deviation, %RSD). This method was successfully applied for analysis of NEOs in human urine samples obtained from 52 adults. The frequencies of individuals who showed more than LOD levels was above 90% for imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin and dinotefuran, more than 50% for acetamiprid and thiacloprid and 29% for nitenpyram. CONCLUSIONS:These results indicated that our new method could be applied to biological monitoring of NEO exposure even at environmental exposure levels in Japanese adults without occupational spraying histories.

journal_name

J Occup Health

journal_title

Journal of occupational health

authors

Ueyama J,Nomura H,Kondo T,Saito I,Ito Y,Osaka A,Kamijima M

doi

10.1539/joh.14-0077-OA

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-01 00:00:00

pages

461-8

issue

eissn

1341-9145

issn

1348-9585

pii

DN/JST.JSTAGE/joh/14-0077-OA

journal_volume

pub_type

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Biological monitoring method for urinary neonicotinoid insecticides using LC-MS/MS and its application to Japanese adults.