Abstract：
:An outbreak of spastic paraparesis which mostly affected women and children occurred in a northern province of Mozambique in 1981. The epidemic was related to chronic cyanide intoxication associated with a diet consisting almost exclusively of cassava. A prolonged drought in the area had exhausted all food resources except cassava, especially the bitter varieties. A nutritional, toxicological and botanical investigation was carried out in two of the five districts affected. The main findings were that cyanide levels were unusually high in the cassava plant as a consequence of the drought with daily intakes estimated at 15-31.5 mg HCN. Detoxification of the bitter varieties by sun-drying was inadequate because of the general food shortage, and metabolic detoxification was probably reduced owing to the absence of sulfur-containing amino acids in the diet. The raw and dried uncooked cassava was eaten mostly by women and children. The nutritional status of the population, however, was not very poor and symptoms of advanced under-nutrition were rarely seen.
journal_name
Bull World Health Organjournal_title
Bulletin of the World Health Organizationauthors
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-01-01 00:00:00pages
485-92issue
3eissn
0042-9686issn
1564-0604journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Continuous surveillance of influenza was carried out in Pune between 1978 and 1990. Most of the cases were identified during investigation of 16 outbreaks of influenza in Pune over this period. The majority of cases were children. Ten of the outbreaks occurred during rainy seasons. A total of 290 isolates consisting o...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate, in Amhara, Ethiopia, the association between prevalence of active trachoma among children aged 1-9 years and community sanitation usage. METHODS:Between 2011 and 2014, prevalence of trachoma and household pit latrine usage were measured in five population-based cross-sectional surveys. Data o...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.16.177758
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between July 1966 and May 1972 the Vesicular Disease Laboratory, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga., USA, tested specimens from 849 suspected smallpox cases by at least 2 methods, electron microscopy and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) cultures. A smaller number of specimens was tested by each of 4 m...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of BCG vaccine in preventing the clinical manifestations of leprosy in a tuberculosis-free area of Papua New Guinea is reported. Between 1963 and 1966 a total of 5356 subjects, randomized to receive BCG or saline inoculations, were examined for leprosy before the vaccination and surveillance was continued...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paula Radcliffe tells Gary Humphreys about her journey from athlete to clean air advocate and her hopes for a clean air initiative launched by the International Association of Athletics Federation. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 面试,新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.19.030319
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-vaccination tuberculin sensitivity is being used to evaluate the immediate effects of the extensive WHO/UNICEF mass BCG vaccination programmes currently in progress. During the past five years the Tuberculosis Research Office has been studying the tuberculin sensitivity produced by BCG vaccination, and the presen...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1955-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Presented is an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of cataract surgery using cost and services data from the Lumbini Zonal Eye Care Programme in Nepal. The analysis suggests that cataract surgery may be even more cost-effective than previously reported. Under a "best estimate" scenario, cataract surgery had a cost o...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In March 1990 a study was carried out in the village of Kicheba, United Republic of Tanzania, in which the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin was sprayed on all the internal surfaces of houses and other shelters at a coverage of about 25 mg of active ingredient per m2. Every day for 6 days, 12 spraymen and 3 sq...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the association of meningococcal serogroups with the course of disease, we reviewed the case histories of 1221 patients. The meningococci from these patients constituted a sample from isolates collected and serogrouped systematically in the Netherlands since 1959. Of these 1221 isolates, 64% were serogroup B....
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new straightforward photometric method for the assay of the antimalarial drug chloroquine and its metabolites in urine is described. The method involves an ion-pair extraction procedure with dichloromethane using the acid-base indicator bromthymol blue as counter-ion. The ion pair formed with chloroquine in the orga...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology (ICPE) was established in 1998 by WHO to carry out cross-national comparative studies of the prevalences and correlates of mental disorders. This article describes the findings of ICPE surveys in seven countries in North America (Canada and USA), Latin America (...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cases of Plasmodium ovale malaria are reported among US servicemen stationed in Viet-Nam between January 1966 and March 1969. Taken together with other cases cited by the authors, these provide strong evidence of the existence (sometimes disputed) of this Plasmodium in continental South-East Asia.None of the men ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haematological surveys of adult population samples were conducted simultaneously in 12 countries, all but one of which are in Europe. Haematological estimations on samples from nine of the countries were made in one central laboratory. Differences between countries in the mean levels of haemoglobin (and haematocrit an...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of Plasmodium falciparum infection on the response to immunization with tetanus toxoid in pregnancy is of importance because malaria is more frequent and severe in pregnant women. This paper presents the results of a study in west Kenya of the antibody response to an adsorbed tetanus toxoid in primigravidae...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four points are made about globalization and health. First, economic integration is a powerful force for raising the incomes of poor countries. In the past 20 years several large developing countries have opened up to trade and investment, and they are growing well--faster than the rich countries. Second, there is no ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses of various biological types are known to cause a wide range of acute respiratory infections, ranging from mild colds and catarrh to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Bacteria also cause respiratory diseases including serious conditions such as otitis media and pneumonia. The whole situation is complex and to...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data on the dynamics of the tuberculosis situation in rural South India, obtained by the National Tuberculosis Institute, Bangalore, were fed into a mathematical model. By this means predictions about the future tuberculosis situation have been made under a wide range of hypothetical assumptions. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We aimed to determine the burden of bacillary dysentery in China, its cross-regional variations, trends in morbidity and mortality, the causative bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance patterns. METHODS:We extracted and integrated governmental statistics and relevant medical literature published from...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/blt.05.023853
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves distributing resources, especially human resources for health (HRH), to match population needs. This paper explores the policy lessons on HRH from four countries that have achieved sustained improvements in UHC: Brazil, Ghana, Mexico and Thailand. Its purpose is to in...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.13.118729
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:WHILE THE TWENTIETH CENTURY HAS PRODUCED GREAT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF YELLOW FEVER AND IN TECHNIQUES FOR ITS CONTROL IN URBAN AREAS, THE ESSENTIAL METHOD OF CONTROL HAS NOT CHANGED: it is still the elimination of the urban vector, Aëdes aegypti. The aim of those responsible for yellow fever control in Afr...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1954-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reported are the results of a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of annual ivermectin dosing in 34 rural communities, Kaduna State, northern Nigeria, where guinea savanna onchocerciasis is mesoendemic. A total of 939 individuals underwent Friedmann field analysis at the first examination and saw at le...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the socioeconomic, geographical and demographic inequities in the use of postnatal health-care services in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS:We searched Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central databases and grey literature for experimental, quasi-experimental and observational studies that had...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.2471/BLT.14.140996
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera were collected from 320 shearwaters (Puffinus pacificus chlororhynchus) nesting on two islands off the east coast of northern Australia in December 1969. About 10% of these sera specifically inhibited the neuraminidase of the 1957 strain of human influenza (A2/Asian/57), some to high titre.The neuraminidase of A2...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since an excellent candidate strain (M) for live virus vaccination of swine against Japanese encephalitis was developed, a number of large vaccination programmes have been implemented in Japan with the aim of controlling Japanese encephalitis epidemics in man by reducing the population size of nonimmune swine. Encoura...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of tobacco smoking on the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in Tbilisi, Georgia. METHODS:We conducted a prospective cohort study of adults with laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis from May 2011 to November 2013. History of tobacco smoking was collected using a standardized questionnaire ad...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.14.147439
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Registration of births, recording deaths by age, sex and cause, and calculating mortality levels and differentials are fundamental to evidence-based health policy, monitoring and evaluation. Yet few of the countries with the greatest need for these data have functioning systems to produce them despite legislation prov...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0042-96862005000800015
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A field study was undertaken in Tampa, Fla., to assess the efficacy of subcutaneous and aerosol methods of administering vaccine, and to compare the protection afforded by bivalent (A2 and B) influenza virus vaccine and by A2/Hong Kong/68 virus vaccine. Further objectives of the study included a comparison of the effe...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper draws lessons from a review of primary health care services in Windhoek, the capital of Namibia, undertaken by a regional health management team. The review was carried out because of perceived increases in workload and inadequate staffing levels, arising from the rapid expansion of the city associated with...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aortic and coronary atherosclerosis and the prevalence of coronary stenosis and thrombosis were studied in subjects who had died of fresh or recurrent myocardial infarction or had suffered from myocardial infarction in the past. In general, severe atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries with stenosis and calcificatio...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a continuing search for more effective molluscicides, tests were carried out in the Egypt-49 area on Molucid and WL 8008. Molucid, a 35% w/v solution of isobutyltriphenyl-methylamine (ICI 24223), was applied at 2 ppm for 6 hours; after the treatment, no live Bulinus truncatus, Biomphalaria alexandrina or Lymnaea ca...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-01-01 00:00:00
