Rethinking composite end points in clinical trials: insights from patients and trialists.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The mechanisms by which replacement hormones may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease are not fully understood. Of specific interest is a potential effect of replacement hormones on plasma fibrinolytic activity, a putative determinant of thrombotic events. METHODS AND RESULTS:We investigated the relati...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Shahar E,Folsom AR,Salomaa VV,Stinson VL,McGovern PG,Shimakawa T,Chambless LE,Wu KK

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cell-mediated autoimmunity has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using a murine model of acute myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3, we analyzed the phenotypes and morphology of the infiltrating cells in the hearts by immunofluorescence and electron mi...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Seko Y,Shinkai Y,Kawasaki A,Yagita H,Okumura K,Takaku F,Yazaki Y

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To evaluate the effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) levels on the clearance of total tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) antigen, we studied the clearance of active TPA and TPA/PAI-1 complex in subjects with low (181+/-109 pmol/L; n=7) and high (1166+/-322 pmol/L; n=4) baseline active PAI...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Chandler WL,Alessi MC,Aillaud MF,Henderson P,Vague P,Juhan-Vague I

更新日期：1997-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rapamycin (sirolimus)-eluting stents are associated with reduced restenosis rates in animal studies and initial human trials. The present study evaluated whether orally administered everolimus (a macrolide of the same family as sirolimus) inhibits in-stent neointimal growth in rabbit iliac arteries. METHODS...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Farb A,John M,Acampado E,Kolodgie FD,Prescott MF,Virmani R

更新日期：2002-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The T2G1s monoclonal antifibrin antibody binds specifically to fibrin but not to fibrinogen. METHODS AND RESULTS:In a canine model of acute arterial thrombosis, we determined the feasibility of imaging thrombi using a 99mTc-labeled Fab' fragment. In 14 dogs, 10 carotid and 13 femoral artery thrombi were pro...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Cerqueira MD,Stratton JR,Vracko R,Schaible TF,Ritchie JL

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myocardial fiber disarray is a distinctive histopathologic finding seen in asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We studied 14 hearts with aortic atresia and intact interventricular septum, six hearts with pulmonic atresia and intact interventricular septum, eight normal infant hearts matched for age of the study he...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Bulkley BH,D'Amico B,Taylor AL

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adults with obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at higher risk for stroke and myocardial infarction. Increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and stiffness are associated with these adverse outcomes. We compared carotid arteries in youth who were lean, were obese, or had T2DM. METHODS AND ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Urbina EM,Kimball TR,McCoy CE,Khoury PR,Daniels SR,Dolan LM

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preconditioning the heart before an ischemic insult has been shown to protect against contractile dysfunction, arrhythmias, and infarction. Pharmacological studies have suggested that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) is involved in cardioprotection. However, because of the number of FGFs expressed in the he...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： House SL,Bolte C,Zhou M,Doetschman T,Klevitsky R,Newman G,Schultz Jel J

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, no study has documented the effects of Lp(a) on angiogenesis. In this study, we examined collateral formation in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) model in Lp(a) transgenic mice. In addition, we examined the feasibility of gene therapy by ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Morishita R,Sakaki M,Yamamoto K,Iguchi S,Aoki M,Yamasaki K,Matsumoto K,Nakamura T,Lawn R,Ogihara T,Kaneda Y

更新日期：2002-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Ventricular dysfunction, elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, and residual distal pulmonary artery distortion contribute to early mortality after a Fontan operation; they may be transient or reversible. A baffle fenestration, allowing right-to-left shunting, maintains cardiac output and limits right atrial pressure...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Bridges ND,Lock JE,Castaneda AR

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Catheter ablation has gained a prominent role in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), with recent data providing positive evidence on hard outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality. Ablation, however, exposes the patient to a rather unique situation, combining risks for both major bleeding and thromboem...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Martin AC,Godier A,Narayanan K,Smadja DM,Marijon E

更新日期：2018-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Myocardial uptake of either 201Tl or 99mTc-sestamibi (sestamibi) is known to plateau at high coronary flow rates. However, few direct comparisons have been made between these tracers to determine what effect differences in the uptake plateau for the two tracers may have on the detection of coronary stenoses ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Glover DK,Ruiz M,Edwards NC,Cunningham M,Simanis JP,Smith WH,Watson DD,Beller GA

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) mediate lactate transport across the plasma membrane of cells. The molecular mechanisms regulating monocarboxylate transport in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) remain poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DNA methylation on MCT expression...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Zhu S,Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ,Dong C

更新日期：2005-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alterations in the balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are involved in left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Whether their expression is related to interstitial fibrosis or LV dysfunction in patients with chronic pressure overload-induced LV hypertrophy, howev...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Heymans S,Schroen B,Vermeersch P,Milting H,Gao F,Kassner A,Gillijns H,Herijgers P,Flameng W,Carmeliet P,Van de Werf F,Pinto YM,Janssens S

更新日期：2005-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Left ventricular noncompaction is a cardiomyopathy characterized by excessive trabeculation of the left ventricle, progressive myocardial dysfunction, and early mortality. Left ventricular noncompaction has a heterogeneous clinical presentation that includes arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. METHODS AND ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Brescia ST,Rossano JW,Pignatelli R,Jefferies JL,Price JF,Decker JA,Denfield SW,Dreyer WJ,Smith O,Towbin JA,Kim JJ

更新日期：2013-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several methods exist by which to assess type A behavior (TAB). Although the videotaped clinical interview is regarded as the "gold standard," self-report measures have also proved useful in assessing TAB in large population studies. The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the relationship of ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Kawachi I,Sparrow D,Kubzansky LD,Spiro A 3rd,Vokonas PS,Weiss ST

更新日期：1998-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We investigated the effects of candesartan (an angiotensin II antagonist) alone, enalapril alone, and their combination on exercise tolerance, ventricular function, quality of life (QOL), neurohormone levels, and tolerability in congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS:Seven hundred sixty-eight p...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： McKelvie RS,Yusuf S,Pericak D,Avezum A,Burns RJ,Probstfield J,Tsuyuki RT,White M,Rouleau J,Latini R,Maggioni A,Young J,Pogue J

更新日期：1999-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The Kantrowitz CardioVAD (KCV) is an electrically powered, pneumatically driven circulatory assist device which provides diastolic augmentation and systolic unloading to the failing heart. It consists of a 60cc-pumping chamber, a percutaneous access device (PAD), and an external controller. The pumping chamber,...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Jeevanandam V,Jayakar D,Anderson AS,Martin S,Piccione W Jr,Heroux AL,Wynne J,Stephenson LW,Hsu J,Freed PS,Kantrowitz A

更新日期：2002-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have previously suggested that the primary arterial switch operation is a feasible strategy for patients with transposition of the great arteries and intact ventricular septum (TGA-IVS) up to age 2 months. This study reports our current results with this approach and examines whether this policy could be ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Kang N,de Leval MR,Elliott M,Tsang V,Kocyildirim E,Sehic I,Foran J,Sullivan I

更新日期：2004-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The myocardial uptake of 125I- and 131I-antimyosin monoclonal antibody Fab in experimental myocarditis in BALB/c mice induced by encephalomyocarditis virus was studied. The biodistribution of 125I-antimyosin demonstrated that the highest ratio of radioactivity appears in the heart of infected mice on day 14 (the ratio...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Matsumori A,Ohkusa T,Matoba Y,Okada I,Yamada T,Kawai C,Tamaki N,Watanabe Y,Yonekura Y,Endo K

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although dyslipoproteinemia is associated with arterial atherothrombosis, little is known about plasma lipoproteins in venous thrombosis patients. METHODS AND RESULTS:We determined plasma lipoprotein subclass concentrations using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and antigenic levels of apolipoprotein...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Deguchi H,Pecheniuk NM,Elias DJ,Averell PM,Griffin JH

更新日期：2005-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome. Phenotyping patients into pathophysiologically homogeneous groups may enable better targeting of treatment. Obesity is common in HFpEF and has many cardiovascular effects, suggesting that it may be a viable candidate for...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Obokata M,Reddy YNV,Pislaru SV,Melenovsky V,Borlaug BA

更新日期：2017-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are no reported studies on the safety and efficacy of low-dose aspirin with low-intensity oral anticoagulation in patients with heart valve replacement. In this study, we compared the use of 100 mg/d aspirin with 650 mg/d aspirin in the prevention of systemic embolism and vascular death in patients wit...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Altman R,Rouvier J,Gurfinkel E,Scazziota A,Turpie AG

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if acute lung rejection after heart-lung transplantation can be detected noninvasively with indium-111-labeled (111In) lymphocytes, we studied 33 allogeneic and 18 isogeneic heterotopic heart-lung transplants in rats. Twenty-four hours after injection of isogeneic splenic 111In-lymphocytes (75 +/- 2 micro...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Arai H,Yuda T,Goodgold HM,deMello DE,Hendershott L,Pennington DG

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocardial catheter mapping was performed in 15 patients in sinus rhythm who had no evidence of structural heart disease and normal left ventricles. Mapping was performed with the use of 10 mm interelectrode distance from various left ventricular endocardial sites. In 10 patients a quantitative analysis of electrogra...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Cassidy DM,Vassallo JA,Marchlinski FE,Buxton AE,Untereker WJ,Josephson ME

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is not known whether progression of aortic arch (AA) atheroma is associated with vascular events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). METHODS AND RESULTS:AA atheroma was detected on baseline transesophageal echocardiogram in 167 consecutive patients who had prevalent stroke or TIA....

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Sen S,Hinderliter A,Sen PK,Simmons J,Beck J,Offenbacher S,Ohman EM,Oppenheimer SM

更新日期：2007-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Diminished glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, and large hypercellular congested glomeruli with segmental sclerosis are found in late survivors with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD). Hyperuricemia is common, acute gouty arthritis is less common than uric acid levels would predict, and overt tophaceous dep...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Ross EA,Perloff JK,Danovitch GM,Child JS,Canobbio MM

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vasomotor reactivity may contribute to the pathophysiology of ischemic injury. The atherosclerotic vessel may be particularly susceptible to vasoconstriction because of the damaged endothelial layer with resultant loss of vasodilatory factors. While dietary omega 3 fatty acids have been proposed to protect a...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Malis CD,Leaf A,Varadarajan GS,Newell JB,Weber PC,Force T,Bonventre JV

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has recently been shown to be a major regulator of cardiac contractility. In a cellular system, we have previously shown that nNOS is regulated by the isoform 4b of plasma membrane calcium/calmodulin-dependent ATPase (PMCA4b) through direct interaction mediated by a PDZ ...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Oceandy D,Cartwright EJ,Emerson M,Prehar S,Baudoin FM,Zi M,Alatwi N,Venetucci L,Schuh K,Williams JC,Armesilla AL,Neyses L

更新日期：2007-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors has been shown experimentally to be of pivotal importance for the maintenance of coronary blood flow during increased demand. In humans with coronary atherosclerosis, endothelial vasodilator dysfunction is not confined only to epicardial conductance vessels...

journal_title：Circulation

authors： Zeiher AM,Krause T,Schächinger V,Minners J,Moser E

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00