Abstract：
:Until now it has been difficult to ascertain how much passive inhalation of tobacco smoke affects bronchopulmonary function. To answer this question, an investigation involving 1,351 white collar workers was carried out. Information about active and passive tobacco smoke exposure was obtained by a standardized questionnaire. This made it possible to subdivide the overall group into five subgroups: Never smokers, passive smokers, ex-smokers, current smokers, and other smokers. Forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC) and maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves were used for lung function analysis. From these curves FVC, forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF 25/75), forced end-expiratory flow (FEF 75/85), and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MEF 25/75) were determined and standardized for sex, age, height, and body weight. Passive smokers evaluated by this method showed essentially no decrease in parameters describing ventilatory function. It is concluded from the dose-and time-effect relationships obtained in active smokers between the lung function parameters and the duration of tobacco smoke exposure on the one hand and the daily consumption of cigarettes on the other that passive smoking in small doses may have no essential effect on pulmonary function.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Kentner M,Triebig G,Weltle Ddoi
10.1016/s0091-7435(84)80015-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-11-01 00:00:00pages
656-69issue
6eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies on children and adolescents suggest a large increase in the role of snacking; however, little is know about changes in the snacking behavior of young adults. METHODS:USDA's nationally representative surveys from 1977-1978 to 1994-1996 are used to study snacking trends among 8,493 persons 19-29 years...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0817
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the availability of condoms and theoretically based interventions to promote their use, sexually active women aged 15 to 25 years continue to put themselves at risk for sexually transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancy. METHODS:One hundred ninety-eight inner city women were interviewed about kn...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.037
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine whether attainment of clinical and lifestyle targets varied by race and sex among adults with diabetes onset in older adulthood. This study included 1420 black and white adults from the REGARDS study without diabetes at baseline (2003-07) but with diabetes onset at the foll...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106217
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:It is unknown how much previous reviews on promoting physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents (aged 6-18years) take into account studies from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC, based on the World Bank definition) and the level of evidence of the effect of PA interventions in this population. T...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.025
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the influence of neighborhood environment on childhood overweight and obesity in Shelby County Schools, Tennessee, and whether and to what extent that influence varies by age, gender, and the specific environment characteristics. 41,283 students were surveyed covering both individual-level covariates and se...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.021
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health information knowledge may affect attitude toward colorectal cancer screening, but the participation of health educated citizens are unknown. Therefore, we investigated non-participation in a sample of 886,088 invited participants, based on educational length, type, and level. Logistic regression analyses were c...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.05.021
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While several cross-sectional studies have shown that self-efficacy, self-esteem and optimism are associated with the use of routine health check-ups, little is known about this relationship based on longitudinal studies. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to examine whether these factors are associated with ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.08.030
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sunburn is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer. Denmark has one of the highest incidences of melanoma in the world, although it is a relatively northern country. The objective of this study was to determine whether sunburn is associated with demographic factors and health behaviour among young Danes. Cro...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.009
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing interest in biofeedback and self-regulatory approaches to health enhancement. The movement has not gone unnoticed by business and industry. At this point, there are adequate data to demonstrate the effectiveness of different forms of stress management intervention. Using the experience of the Equit...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(83)90222-0
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to identify cognitive and environmental correlates of daily adolescent breakfast consumption. METHODS:Adolescents (n=1089) aged 12-15 years in schools in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, completed a questionnaire measuring daily breakfast consumption, individual cognitions, and home environmental...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.02.009
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether prevalence of active commuting and regular car trips to school varies across communities and language regions in Switzerland and to determine personal and environmental correlates. METHODS:During the school year 2004/2005, 1345 parental questionnaires (response rate 65%) of children attendi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that substance use disorders are prevalent among inpatients of general medical hospitals. These studies were limited in the validity of their measures, their failure to distinguish between current and lifetime disorders, or their lack of attention to drugs other than alcohol. MET...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0250
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review the empirical evidence concerning the strength of tracking of sedentary behaviours from childhood and adolescence. METHODS:Published English language studies were located from computerised and manual searches in 2009. Included studies were prospective, longitudinal studies with at least one sedenta...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.07.018
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:OBJECTIVE.: The aim of the study was to explore opportunities for more effective interventions on lifestyle modifications among hypertensives. METHODS.: Using 2007 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from the United States, we assessed the prevalence of various lifestyle behaviors and receipt of p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.12.007
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Women age 50 years and older are in need of multiple preventive health care services. Despite recent improvements in rates of delivery of preventive care services, especially within managed care organizations, substantial numbers of women are still being underscreened. Efforts to improve delivery of preventi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0724
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suicide rates are high in later life, particularly among older men. Mood disorders are known risk factors, but the risk of suicide associated with poor physical health remains unclear. We completed a cohort study of a community representative sample of 38,170 men aged 65-85 in 1996 who were followed for up to 16years....
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.022
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health service utilization is an important component of child health promotion. Evidence shows that two-thirds of child deaths in low and middle income countries could be prevented if current interventions were adequately utilized. Aim of this study was to identify determinants of variation in health services utilizat...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.12.035
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Regular use of recommended preventive health services can promote good health and prevent disease. However, individuals may forgo obtaining preventive care when they are busy with competing activities and commitments. This study examined whether time pressure related to work obligations creates barriers to ob...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 15% of the US general population, and this rate is projected to increase. A healthy lifestyle is important for individuals with CKD to reduce risk for CKD progression and adverse heath events. Adults with CKD also have high rates of psychological distress, which may be associated w...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.06.007
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several international guidelines have recommended the involvement of general practitioners (GPs) in screening programs, but current evidence suggests this is very difficult. We implemented a survey to understand the attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding colorectal cancer screening of GPs in the Lazio...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.010
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tobacco smoking and obesity are leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US, and primary care physicians are the main source of preventive care. However, it is not known whether access for new patients is affected by an expression of interest in preventive care. In a 2015 audit, we called US primar...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.04.031
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the fall of 1986 the North Karelia Project in cooperation with Finnish TV 2 arranged an eight-part nationwide smoking cessation TV program. The Project, also arranged a smoking cessation contest coinciding with the TV program in cooperation with four major voluntary public health organizations and the nat...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(92)90007-5
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Participant recruitment is an understudied part of health research. It can be a limiting factor and can affect the external validity of a study. This study compares two recruitment methods, active and passive, used to recruit university seniors into a health promotion study. METHODS:During active recruitmen...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1998.0327
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many estimates of cancer screening are based on self-reported screening behavior. There is growing concern that self-reported screening measures may be less accurate among members of racial and ethnic minority groups. This would have considerable implications for research on racial and ethnic disparities in ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.11.014
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Local parks are an important community resource that may influence levels of physical activity among youth. However, few population-based studies have investigated park-based physical activity among youth. PURPOSE:This study examines sociodemographic, family, and neighborhood characteristics associated with...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Use of five early disease detection tests was examined in relation to history of specific chronic disease and other health habits, as part of a cohort study including 11,888 residents of a retirement community in Southern California. Self-reported utilization rates by residents in the year preceding study entry were a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(87)90053-3
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invited editorial for PM 17 348R2, a CDC survey regarding primary HPV testing. ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.010
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing regular physical activity in adults at elevated risk of cardiovascular disease is an important target for preventive medicine. This study evaluated demographic, social and cognitive predictors of self-reported changes in physical activity after 4 and 12 months in a randomized trial of behavioral c...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0688
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper examines the prevalence of household and car smoking restrictions, factors associated with these restrictions, and children's exposure to secondhand smoke in homes with varying levels of household smoking restrictions in rural Native American and White families. METHODS:In-person interviews were ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2002.1091
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objectives were to assess the cumulative effects of exposure to multiple antitobacco advertisements shown over a 22-month period on smoking uptake, and determine if there is evidence of a dose effect and how this effect operates through response to the campaign's major message theme and antitobacco attitu...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2002.1100
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
