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Neurocognitive functioning in children and adolescents at the time of type 1 diabetes diagnosis: associations with glycemic control 1 year after diagnosis.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether impairments in neurocognitive functioning are detectable at type 1 diabetes diagnosis and associated with subsequent glycemic control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Children/adolescents (N = 147) aged 5-18 years completed neuropsychological testing during their inpatient hospitalization for new-onset type 1 diabetes. Test scores were compared with normative data using one-sample Student t tests. Children with onset before 8 years of age were compared with children aged 9-18 years using ANOVA, and associations between neurocognitive performance at diagnosis and glycemic control 1 year postdiagnosis were examined using regression analyses. RESULTS:Children with type 1 diabetes performed significantly below expectations on most neurocognitive measures (P values <0.0001), with large decrements from the normative mean evident in psychomotor speed (>1 SD), visuomotor integration (0.7 SD), and phonemic fluency (0.8 SD). High incidence of impairment (scores less than second percentile) was evident on all tasks except digit span. Dominant-hand psychomotor speed was significantly associated with poor glycemic control (A1C ≥9.5% [80 mmol/mol]; P = 0.032) 1 year postdiagnosis, controlling for race/ethnicity, sex, and reading ability. Impaired psychomotor speed was associated with a 0.77% increase in mean A1C (8.4 mmol/mol). CONCLUSIONS:Deficits were evident in neurocognitive functioning within days of diabetes diagnosis that were associated with diabetes outcomes over 1 year postdiagnosis. Impairment was most apparent in psychomotor speed, consistent with research implicating damage to posterior white matter tracts and associated gray matter regions in type 1 diabetes. Psychomotor impairment may be an early marker for a broader neurobehavioral vulnerability that has implications for long-term diabetes management.

journal_name

Diabetes Care

journal_title

Diabetes care

authors

Schwartz DD,Axelrad ME,Anderson BJ

doi

10.2337/dc14-0103

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-01 00:00:00

pages

2475-82

issue

eissn

0149-5992

issn

1935-5548

pii

dc14-0103

journal_volume

pub_type

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Neurocognitive functioning in children and adolescents at the time of type 1 diabetes diagnosis: associations with glycemic control 1 year after diagnosis.