β-cell function, incretin effect, and incretin hormones in obese youth along the span of glucose tolerance from normal to prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.

abstract：:A genome scan for B10-derived loci that reduce the frequency of diabetes and insulitis in NOD mice demonstrated a large region (34 cM) of linkage on the proximal end of chromosome 1. This locus was designated Idd5 and encompassed candidate genes including Il1r1, Il1r2, Stat1, Stat4, Nramp1, and Bcl2. In the current st...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hill NJ,Lyons PA,Armitage N,Todd JA,Wicker LS,Peterson LB

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of metabolic near-normalization, induced by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, on the exaggerated microalbuminuria of exercise was studied in eight insulin-dependent diabetic men selected for normal resting albuminuria. Patients were studied in randomized order during the ordinary glycemic control of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Viberti G,Pickup JC,Bilous RW,Keen H,Mackintosh D

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that islet cell function is rapidly altered in vitro, but can be maintained, at least in part, when cells are layered on defined extracellular matrices. The present work addresses the influence of short-term cell-matrix interactions on islet beta-cell function and provides first insight int...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bosco D,Meda P,Halban PA,Rouiller DG

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nine offspring of two diabetic parents and 18 normals were studied with two intravenous glucose loads (o.5 gm./kg. body weight), 60 minutes apart. By thus stressing the beta cell, subtle defects could be identified in the prediabetics: (1) An inverse relationship between insulin peak response and insulin concentration...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Koncz L,Soeldner JS,Otto H,Smith TM,Gleason RE

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight manufacturing facilities participating in the National Institutes of Health-sponsored Clinical Islet Transplantation (CIT) Consortium jointly developed and implemented a harmonized process for the manufacture of allogeneic purified human pancreatic islet (PHPI) product evaluated in a phase 3 trial in subjects wi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ricordi C,Goldstein JS,Balamurugan AN,Szot GL,Kin T,Liu C,Czarniecki CW,Barbaro B,Bridges ND,Cano J,Clarke WR,Eggerman TL,Hunsicker LG,Kaufman DB,Khan A,Lafontant DE,Linetsky E,Luo X,Markmann JF,Naji A,Korsgren O

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the effects of gestational hyperglycemia on glucose metabolism and its regulation in the fasted rat during the early postnatal period, unrestrained rats were continuously infused with glucose during the last week of pregnancy. Control rats were infused with distilled water. Newborns were studied during the...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nurjhan N,Ktorza A,Ferre P,Girard JR,Picon L

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:CD8(+) T-cells specific for islet antigens are essential for the development of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse model of the disease. Such T-cells can also be detected in the blood of type 1 diabetic patients, suggesting their importance in the pathogenesis of the human disease as well. The development of pe...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Jarchum I,Baker JC,Yamada T,Takaki T,Marron MP,Serreze DV,DiLorenzo TP

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing and antiatherogenic properties. Therefore, the adiponectin gene is a promising candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) +45T/G and +276G/T of the adiponectin gene as predictors for the conve...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zacharova J,Chiasson JL,Laakso M,STOP-NIDDM Study Group.

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal hyperinsulinemia causes fetal arterial hypoxia because fetal O2 use increases, whereas the supply of O2 to the fetus does not. To find which of the fetal tissues accounts for such an increase in fetal O2 use, we examined the effect of plasma hyperinsulinemia on O2, glucose, and lactate use by the hindquarters of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Milley JR,Papacostas JS

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To understand the relationships between maternal glycemia during pregnancy and prenatal and early postnatal growth by evaluating cord C-peptide and IGF-I as mediating biomarkers in boys and girls separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We evaluated 342 neonates within the EDEN mother-child cohort study born ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Regnault N,Botton J,Heude B,Forhan A,Hankard R,Foliguet B,Hillier TA,Souberbielle JC,Dargent-Molina P,Charles MA,EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group.

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity and dysfunctional energy partitioning can lead to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The antidiabetic thiazolidinediones shift the energy balance toward storage, leading to an increase in whole-body adiposity. These studies examine the effects of pioglitazone (Pio) on adipose tissue phy...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： de Souza CJ,Eckhardt M,Gagen K,Dong M,Chen W,Laurent D,Burkey BF

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 21-year-old female patient complaining of frequent hypoglycemic attacks in the presence of a large amount of circulating insulin-binding antibodies without previous known immunization is described. In order to clarify the possible mechanism of the hypoglycemic attacks occurring in this new syndrome, changes in plasm...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ichihara K,Shima K,Saito Y,Nonaka K,Tarui S

更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the temporal relationship of diabetes-induced renal growth and its associated metabolic alterations to the early development of renal hyperfunction, parallel functional and metabolic studies were performed shortly after the onset of diabetes in rats. Hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia were evident 18 h a...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Cortes P,Dumler F,Goldman J,Levin NW

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementary DNA encoding three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1 alpha, PP1 beta, and PP1 gamma) and the insulin-stimulated protein kinase 1 (ISPK-1) was analyzed for variations in the coding regions related to insulin-resistant glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle of 30 patients with non-insulin-dep...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bjørbaek C,Vik TA,Echwald SM,Yang PY,Vestergaard H,Wang JP,Webb GC,Richmond K,Hansen T,Erikson RL

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because successful human islet transplantation requires large quantities of viable islets that must be separated from the highly immunogenic exocrine tissue and because handpicking is too time-consuming and laborious to be clinically relevant, a new approach for solving this problem has been established in rat models....

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Winoto-Morbach S,Ulrichs K,Leyhausen G,Müller-Ruchholtz W

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term insulin secretion was investigated in seven biohybrid capillary devices seeded with canine islets. Approximately 50,000 islets could be isolated from a single canine pancreas using collagenase digestion in conjunction with the recently described Velcro technique. Devices were perfused with tissue culture med...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Araki Y,Solomon BA,Basile RM,Chick WL

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetes induces the activation of several protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the renal glomeruli. We used PKC-beta(-/-) mice to examine the action of PKC-beta isoforms in diabetes-induced oxidative stress and renal injury at 8 and 24 weeks of disease. Diabetes increased PKC activity in renal cortex of wild-type mice ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ohshiro Y,Ma RC,Yasuda Y,Hiraoka-Yamamoto J,Clermont AC,Isshiki K,Yagi K,Arikawa E,Kern TS,King GL

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the development to overt nephropathy, diabetic patients go through several characteristic stages of renal disease, moving from normo- to micro- to macroalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria is defined as a urinary albumin excretion between 20 and 200 microg/min; values <20 microg/min are designated as normoalbuminuria,...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mogensen CE

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Linkage results suggest that the region of chromosome 7 containing the leptin gene cosegregates with extreme obesity; however, leptin coding region mutations are rare. To investigate whether the leptin flanking sequence and/or a larger 40-cM region (7q22.1-7q35) contributes to obesity, we genotyped individuals from 20...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Li WD,Li D,Wang S,Zhang S,Zhao H,Price RA

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The transition of an individual from normoglycemia to diabetes has generally been thought to involve either moderate or rapid changes in glucose over time, although few studies have analyzed these changes. We sought to determine whether a general pattern of glucose change exists in most individuals who become...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mason CC,Hanson RL,Knowler WC

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of isolated rat pancreatic islets to 1 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) resulted in a 5.7-fold increase in the rate of insulin release. After a 30-min rest period under basal conditions, reexposure of the islets to 1 mM IBMX resulted in an enhanced rate of release when compared with either a timed contr...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wiedenkeller DE,Sharp GW

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of cytokines are important regulators of angiogenesis that have emerged as important targets for the treatment of obesity. While serum VEGF levels rise during obesity, recent studies using genetic models provide conflicting evidence as to whether VEGF prevents or ac...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wu LE,Meoli CC,Mangiafico SP,Fazakerley DJ,Cogger VC,Mohamad M,Pant H,Kang MJ,Powter E,Burchfield JG,Xirouchaki CE,Mikolaizak AS,Stöckli J,Kolumam G,van Bruggen N,Gamble JR,Le Couteur DG,Cooney GJ,Andrikopoulos S,Ja

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low plasma sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels are associated with obesity and predict the development of type 2 diabetes. The reason why obese individuals have low circulating SHBG has been attributed to hyperinsulinemia, but no mechanistic evidence has been described. The aim of the current study is to explor...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Simó R,Barbosa-Desongles A,Lecube A,Hernandez C,Selva DM

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The virtually fatless A-ZIP/F-1 mouse is profoundly insulin resistant, diabetic, and a good model for humans with severe generalized lipoatrophy. Like a number of other mouse models of diabetes, the A-ZIP/F-1 mouse has elevated serum corticosterone levels. Leptin infusion lowers the corticosterone levels, suggesting t...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Haluzik M,Dietz KR,Kim JK,Marcus-Samuels B,Shulman GI,Gavrilova O,Reitman ML

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glycolytic enzyme glucokinase plays a primary role in the glucose-responsive secretion of insulin, and defects of this enzyme can cause NIDDM. As a step toward understanding the molecular basis of glucokinase (GK) gene regulation, we assessed the structure and regulation of the human GK gene beta-cell-type promote...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Watada H,Kajimoto Y,Umayahara Y,Matsuoka T,Kaneto H,Fujitani Y,Kamada T,Kawamori R,Yamasaki Y

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Visceral obesity and elevated plasma free fatty acids are predisposing factors for type 2 diabetes. Chronic exposure to these lipids is detrimental for pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in reduced insulin content, defective insulin secretion, and apoptosis. We investigated the involvement in this phenomenon of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lovis P,Roggli E,Laybutt DR,Gattesco S,Yang JY,Widmann C,Abderrahmani A,Regazzi R

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in transducing high glucose into deficits in nerve conduction velocity (NCV) that are characteristic of diabetic neuropathy. p38 activation and NCV were measured in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats treated with a p38 inhibitor, an aldose redu...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Price SA,Agthong S,Middlemas AB,Tomlinson DR

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inadequate beta-cell function is an essential component of all forms of diabetes. The most obvious problem is a failure to maintain sufficient beta-cell mass and function to cope with whatever insulin resistance is present. The most striking functional defect is a loss of acute glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS)...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Weir GC,Laybutt DR,Kaneto H,Bonner-Weir S,Sharma A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic interactions between glucose and amino acids were studied with isolated rat islets using glucose utilization and lactate formation as indicators. Certain amino acids (8-10 mM) are capable of greatly stimulating lactate formation from 5mM glucose. On a molar basis L-isoleucine is the most potent stimulator in...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Pace CS,Ellerman J,Hover BA,Stillings SN,Matschinsky FM

更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that the maternal transmission of islet autoantibodies increases the risk of autoimmune diabetes in mice. The aim of this study was to determine whether fetal exposure to islet autoantibodies modified the risk of type 1 diabetes in humans. Islet autoantibodies were measured at birth in 720 offspring of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Koczwara K,Bonifacio E,Ziegler AG

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00