Abstract：
:Longitudinal observational data are required to assess the association between exposure to β-interferon medications and disease progression among relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in the "real-world" clinical practice setting. Marginal structural Cox models (MSCMs) can provide distinct advantages over traditional approaches by allowing adjustment for time-varying confounders such as MS relapses, as well as baseline characteristics, through the use of inverse probability weighting. We assessed the suitability of MSCMs to analyze data from a large cohort of 1,697 relapsing-remitting MS patients in British Columbia, Canada (1995-2008). In the context of this observational study, which spanned more than a decade and involved patients with a chronic yet fluctuating disease, the recently proposed "normalized stabilized" weights were found to be the most appropriate choice of weights. Using this model, no association between β-interferon exposure and the hazard of disability progression was found (hazard ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.95, 1.94). For sensitivity analyses, truncated normalized unstabilized weights were used in additional MSCMs and to construct inverse probability weight-adjusted survival curves; the findings did not change. Additionally, qualitatively similar conclusions from approximation approaches to the weighted Cox model (i.e., MSCM) extend confidence in the findings.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Karim ME,Gustafson P,Petkau J,Zhao Y,Shirani A,Kingwell E,Evans C,van der Kop M,Oger J,Tremlett Hdoi
10.1093/aje/kwu125subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-15 00:00:00pages
160-71issue
2eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwu125journal_volume
180pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Measurement and characterization of the human microbiome in large population-based human studies has recently become a reality secondary to technological advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing. These advances bring new challenges and knowledge gaps for study planning, data analysis, and interpretation that are nov...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwy063
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors examined whether a serum pepsinogen test (SPT) based on the combination of the serum pepsinogen I level and pepsinogen I/II ratio is a good predictor of gastric cancer occurrence in a general Japanese population. A total of 2,446 subjects aged > or =40 years were classified into negative, positive, and str...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwj088
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) provides a useful metric of departure from additivity of effects on a relative risk scale. In this paper, the authors show that RERI is identical to the product term in a linear odds ratio or a linear relative risk model. SAS and STATA codes are provided for fitting a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn411
更新日期：2009-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies of veterans have examined cardiovascular disease as the primary outcome, other than in relation to specific conflicts or hazards. To assess the long-term risk and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in United Kingdom veterans from a broad range of military backgrounds and experience, we conducte...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu082
更新日期：2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration, within its normal range, has recently been proposed as a reliable marker of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central pathogenic role in many metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases, incidences of which have recently increased in South Korea. Since serum G...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwj006
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort of 3,916 Swedish copper smelter workers employed for at least 3 months between 1928 and 1967 was followed up through 1981. Arsenic exposure was estimated for different time periods at each workplace within the smelter. Detailed job records were linked to the exposure matrix, thus forming individual cumulative...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116128
更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline have shown that their cholesterol levels are much less predictive of subsequent mortality than in populations free of CHD (FCHD). One previously suggested explanation of this attenuation is that the impact of hyperlipidemia on atherosclerosis or ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112852
更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to reconcile 3 approaches to calculating population attributable fractions and attributable burden percentage: the approach of Bruzzi et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 1985;122(5):904-914.), the maximum-likelihood method of Greenland and Drescher (Biometrics. 1993;49(3):865-872.), and the multivariable...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx200
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Determining an accurate method of obtaining complete morbidity data is a long-standing challenge for epidemiologists. The authors compared the accuracy and completeness of existing California hospital discharge data with self-reports of recent hospitalizations and surgeries from participants in the California Teachers...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwg256
更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort of 888 rural, nonaboriginal persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus identified in Western Australia through surveys in 1978-1982 were followed for death until the end of 1986. A total of 257 deaths were observed. Excess mortality in this cohort as compared with the general Australian population w...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116343
更新日期：1992-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Controlling for body size and composition, the authors examined the association between estrogen therapy and bone mineral density in older African-American and Caucasian women. In 1992-1998, 443 African-American and 989 Caucasian women aged 45-87 years were assessed for medication use, laboratory variables, behavioral...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp460
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured in 4170 nondiabetic adult residents of a suburban California community. At all ages the median FPG in men was higher (103-107 mg/dl) than the median FPG in women (96-104 mg/dl). FPG levels correlated weakly with obesity, and male-female differences persisted after adjustme...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113021
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The utility of a risk function in clinical practice is an important concept that has received insufficient attention. The authors evaluated the clinical usefulness of the Framingham risk function (FRF) for cardiovascular disease in a Middle Eastern population (2,640 men and 3,584 women aged 30-74 years) free of cardio...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws204
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In November 1986, a statewide outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in Washington State was identified after a physician in an eastern Washington community hospitalized three patients with hemorrhagic colitis which progressed to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Epidemiologic investigation identified 37 c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115653
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the relation between maternal multivitamin use and risk for cardiac defects in the offspring, using a population-based approach. The Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control study is a population-based case-control study of infants born between 1968 and 1980 to mothers residing in met...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010291
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sizes at birth of parents and their children are known to be correlated, reflecting in part the influence of fetal and maternal genes. Sociodemographic factors, regarded as aspects of the shared environment across generations, would also be expected to contribute, but evidence is limited. In the present study, the aut...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr032
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is an important, avoidable factor associated with low birth weight. Maternal age is also associated with variations in birth weight. Using birth certificate data from all 347,650 singleton births for which maternal age and birth weight were recorded during 1984-1988 in Washington Sta...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116940
更新日期：1994-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) may influence fetal growth. Offspring birth weight related to maternal IGF-I and IGFBP-1 measured in pregnancy was studied in 368 randomly selected women without preeclampsia who delivered a singl...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr067
更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences in hygienic habits and base-line secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A which might have contributed to the prevalence of skin infections and/or absence of increased serum IgA values were sought in patients with poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (nephritis) in contrast to patients with acute rheumatic fe...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113382
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two families of gorillas, comprising 13 animals, were studied in 1980-1982 for hepatitis virus infections. It was found that 27% of them had evidence of hepatitis B infection, and 23% evidence of hepatitis A infection. The four parents had been born in the wild and all of them had been infected with hepatitis B. The t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113760
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The literature concerning social capital and health has grown exponentially during the past somewhat more than 10 years. The study by Kouvonen et al. (Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:1143-1151) is a longitudinal multilevel analysis of 33,577 public sector employees in Finland. The study shows a significant association between...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn070
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation of dietary factors and physical activity to hyperinsulinemia was examined in 389 men aged 70-89 years who participated in the Zutphen Elderly Study in 1990. Information about the usual diet was obtained using a cross-check dietary history, and habitual physical activity was assessed using a validated ques...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117257
更新日期：1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors report the results of the first 2 years of follow-up of a prospective cohort study on the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its determinants which started in November 1988 in Kigali, Rwanda. The study sample consists of 218 newborns of 215 HIV-1 seropositive wo...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116716
更新日期：1993-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of adult health risks from exposures that occurred in childhood may require case-control studies in which subjects who are now adults are asked to provide information that might be more accurately provided by their parents. The quality of parental smoking and drinking histories provided by adult offspring w...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114453
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In response to community concerns, we used the Tribal Participatory Research framework in collaboration with 5 American-Indian communities in Washington, Idaho, and Montana to identify the appropriate criteria for aggregating health data on small tribes. Across tribal sites, 10 key informant interviews and 10 focus gr...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv334
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship of cigarette-smoking and nonfatal myocardial infarction (AMI) was evaluated using the case-control approach. Overall, the association was present for smokers of one and two packs per day, the standardized rate-ratio estimates being 1.5 and 1.7, respectively. The association was strongest in those who ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112202
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One measure of the severity of a pandemic influenza outbreak at the individual level is the risk of death among people infected by the new virus. However, there are complications in estimating both the numerator and denominator. Regarding the numerator, statistical estimates of the excess deaths associated with influe...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kws314
更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of characteristics of social networks and support on depressive symptoms in the elderly. The subjects were 1,962 noninstitutionalized persons 65 years and older from the New Haven Establishment of Populations for Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly in 1982, who were a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116297
更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence of esophageal cancer have not been thoroughly characterized with quantitative health-disparity measures. Using data from 1992-2013 from 13 US cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we assessed such disparities according to histologi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx221
更新日期：2017-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Contradictory observations have accumulated regarding a secular trend and/or an epidemic pattern in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this study, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus incidence below age 15 years was examined in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and in Wielkopolska, Poland, two area...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115169
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
