Abstract:
:To measure test-retest reliability, 38 Veterans Administration clinic patients completed a modification of the Sarason Life Experience Survey (LES) twice within several weeks. Summary scores were found to be more reliable than scores on individual questions. Patients attending the Mental Hygiene Clinic responded less reliably than other patients. The "stress ladder"--a simple summary score measure--was found to be the most reliable measure of all.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Bailey GA,Koepsell TD,Belcher DWdoi
10.2105/ajph.74.7.723subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-01 00:00:00pages
723-4issue
7eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:Interpreting associations between lead exposure and child behavior problems is difficult because studies have not controlled for sociodemographic confounders or have used shed teeth to mark exposure. This study explored associations between blood lead and preschool behavior. METHODS:Children from a smelter ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.3.481
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The State-Wide Rural Well-Water Survey was conducted between April 1988 and June 1989. About 18% of Iowa's private, rural drinking-water wells contain nitrate above the recommended health advisory level (levels of NO3-N greater than 10 mg/L); 37% of the wells have levels greater than 3 mg/L, typically considered indic...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.83.2.270
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We measured symptom and influenza prevalence, and the effectiveness of symptom and temperature screening for identifying influenza, in arriving international airline travelers. METHODS:This cross-sectional study collected data from travelers to Christchurch International Airport, New Zealand, in winter 2008...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300761r
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To review the contribution of the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS and NHS II) in addressing hypotheses regarding risk factors for and consequences of obesity. METHODS:Narrative review of the publications of the NHS and NHS II between 1976 and 2016. RESULTS:Long-term NHS research has shown that weight gain and ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303326
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We calculated the long-term risks of death from smoking for individuals of various ages and smoking status in terms of the excess mortality contributed by smoking, over and above the baseline mortality from the same diseases caused by factors other than smoking using standard life table procedures. Since mortality dat...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.4.425
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To avoid exploitation of host communities, many commentators argue that subjects must receive the best methods available worldwide. Others worry that this requirement may block important research intended to improve health care, especially in developing countries. To resolve this dilemma, we propose a framework for th...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.6.923
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between neighborhood convenience stores and diet outcomes for 20 years of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. METHODS:We used dietary data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study years 1985-1986, 1992-1993, and 2005-2006 (n = 3299; ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302435
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of tobacco use among high school students in Buenos Aires, Argentina. METHODS:Anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were given to 3909 8th and 11th graders in a stratified random sample of 49 public and private schools. The instrument included items fr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.2.219
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This report describes trends in the rates of lower-extremity amputation and revascularization procedures and vascular disease risk factors. METHODS:We analyzed trends in National Hospital Discharge Survey data for 1979 through 1996 and in National Health Interview Study data for 1983 through 1994. RESULTS:...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.8.1222
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past quarter century has seen an explosion of concern about widening health inequities in the United States and worldwide. These inequities are central to the research mission in 2 arenas of public health: social epidemiology and community-engaged interventions. Yet only modest success has been achieved in elimina...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.140988
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the feasibility of using high-value coupons to induce condom purchase and evaluated execution factors that can influence the effectiveness of this form of promotion. METHODS:Two levels of coupon discount value (10% off and 75% off) were used to promote condom purchase among young adults....
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.89.12.1866
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to identify circumstances in which biochemical assessments of smoking produce systematically higher or lower estimates of smoking than self-reports. A secondary aim was to evaluate different statistical approaches to analyzing variation in validity estimates. METHODS:Literature...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.7.1086
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the pathways to smoking cessation between late adolescence and young adulthood. METHODS:We obtained data from a sample of urban African American and Puerto Rican young adults (N=242), mean age 19 years, who reported tobacco use and determined cessation rates between late adolescence and young ad...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.101212
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:I examined genetic influences on smoking among adolescents and differences in the heritability of smoking across states in the United States. METHODS:With data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (participants aged 12-21 years), I used a multilevel twin- and sibling-pair (N = 2060 pair...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.134932
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined a project designed to improve the health and wellness of employees of Brabantia, a Dutch manufacturer of household goods, by means of lifestyle changes and changes in working conditions. METHODS:The workers at one Brabantia site constituted the experimental group, and the workers from tw...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.7.1037
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a decade-long resurgence, including a large cutaneous diphtheria outbreak in Washington State, the diphtheria incidence rate in the United States reached its lowest recorded level ever in 1980--two patients (0.01 case per million). Mortality paralleled the decline in incidence rate. Only 143 of the 3,141 US coun...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.12.1393
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public health, like politics, is the art of the possible. To maximize effectiveness, public health officers in any jurisdiction should (1) get good data and ensure timely and effective dissemination; (2) prioritize and tackle more difficult initiatives first; (3) find, fight, and win winnable battles in areas where pr...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303204
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated ethnic disparities in obtaining medical care among the 4 major ethnic groups (Blacks, Whites, Coloreds [i.e., those of mixed race], and Asians) in post-apartheid South Africa. METHODS:Data for the study came from the 2002 Afrobarometer: Round II Survey of South Africa. Bivariate and multivar...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.127829
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the efficacy of radiographic screening for tuberculosis in correctional facilities. METHODS:Inmates at an admission facility in New York, NY, were screened for tuberculosis by registry cross-match, symptom interviews, tuberculin testing, and chest radiography. RESULTS:Thirty-two cases ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.8.1335
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine whether supplemental private insurance coverage among Medicare recipients alters patterns of health care or outcomes associated with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS:Medicare patients hospitalized after a myocardial infarction were identified from New York City hospitalization rec...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.94.5.778
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between corneal arcus (arcus senilis) and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is examined in a prospective study of White men (n = 3,930) and women non-hormone users (n = 2,139), ages 30-69, followed for an average of 8.4 years as part of the Lipid Research Cli...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.10.1200
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Automated analysis of electronic health record (EHR) data is a complementary tool for public health surveillance. Analyzing and presenting these data, however, demands new methods of data communication optimized to the detail, flexibility, and timeliness of EHR data.RiskScape is an open-source, interactive, Web-based,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305963
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To elucidate why the inverse association between education level and mortality risk (the gradient) has increased markedly among White women since the mid-1980s, we identified causes of death for which the gradient increased. METHODS:We used data from the 1986 to 2006 National Health Interview Survey Linked ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301128
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We investigated the frequency with which alcohol advertisements appeared on Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) transit lines in Boston, MA, and we calculated adult and youths' exposure to the ads. METHODS:We measured the nature and extent of alcohol advertisements on 4 Boston transit lines on...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.149906
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the relationship between atrial fibrillation and (1) stroke and (2) all-cause mortality. METHODS:All eligible Medicare patients older than 65 years of age hospitalized in 1985 were followed up for 4 years. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used for assessment of risk ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.3.395
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a theoretical framework to organize obesity prevention interventions by their likely impact on the socioeconomic gradient of weight. The degree to which an intervention involves individual agency versus structural change influences socioeconomic inequalities in weight. Agentic interventions, such as stand...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302066
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a quality-of-life method for valuing changes in health status. Our model determines changes in health attributes for different illnesses and then estimates the dollar value of the corresponding welfare losses. We used our quality-of-life approach to estimate willingness to pay to avoid asthma, a headache,...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.11.1553
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act became a contentious document in more than 30 states in 2001 and 2002. Controversy has focused on recommendations by the authors of the Model Act that seemed to accord higher priority to collective action in emergencies than to protecting privacy and property. This situation...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.3.397
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We estimated HCV incidence among individuals who repeatedly underwent anti-HCV testing. METHODS:We studied HCV-negative individuals who had at least 2 tests between April 1992 and September 2012 in British Columbia, Canada. We calculated incidence as the number of new infections per 100 person-years at risk...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302591
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined neighborhood-level foreclosure rates and their association with onset of depressive symptoms in older adults. METHODS:We linked data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (2005-2006 and 2010-2011 waves), a longitudinal, nationally representative survey, to data on zip code-lev...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301566
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00