Abstract:
:A two-stage psychiatric survey of a random samples of adults aged 18-64 from Camberwell is described. Agency interviewers carried out the first stage (N = 800), using the shorter form of the Present State Examination (PSE). MRC interviewers, using the full PSE, saw a stratified sample of these (N = 310) in the second stage. A second interview was sought with all those of Index of Definition (ID) level 5 and above at the first interview ("cases") and with random sample of those below that level 20.9% refused or were never available for the first interview. Of the 800 subjects successfully interviewed, 10% refused a further interview and 124% of those finally selected for this interview were either unavailable or changed their minds. The MRC data, weighted to represent the whole sample, are used in our analyses. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder as defined in our study was calculated at 6.1% for men and 14.9% for women. Women showed a higher prevalence of disorder in the age-groups 25-34 and 45-54, but in men there was no significant association with age. In contrast to the findings of Brown & Harris (1978), social class did not have a strong association with disorder. Single men had much higher rates than married men, while the reverse was true in women. In both sexes employment was associated with lower rates of disorder. An attempt to explain the high prevalence in women in terms of their role in marriage and child-care was only partly successful.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Bebbington P,Hurry J,Tennant C,Sturt E,Wing JKdoi
10.1017/s0033291700052879subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-08-01 00:00:00pages
561-79issue
3eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:In a recent placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial (n = 52), significant beneficial effects on memory (d = 0.30) and negative symptoms (d = 0.29) were found after 12 weeks of memantine augmentation in patients with clozapine-refractory schizophrenia. In this open-label 1-year extension study we rep...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002476
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive deficits are a well-established feature of bipolar disorders (BD), even during periods of euthymia, but risk factors associated with cognitive deficits in euthymic BD are still poorly understood. We aimed to validate classification criteria for the identification of clinically significant cognitive...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291718001186
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 181 users of community psychiatric services in Camberwell with at least one year's history of contact was traced for two years following a census day. Four of the eight patients who had been given a primary diagnosis of an organic condition died during this period. For the others the population-standardize...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700051072
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently released prisoners are at markedly higher risk of suicide than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify key risk factors for suicide by offenders released from prisons in England and Wales. METHOD:All suicides committed by offenders within 12 months of their release from prison...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709991048
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the mental health of partners of survivors of high levels of trauma in post-conflict countries. METHOD:We studied 677 spouse dyads (n = 1354) drawn from a community survey (response 82.4%) in post-conflict Timor-Leste. We used culturally adapted measures of post-traumatic stress disord...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002233
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CAMCOG, the cognitive section of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX), was administered twice to 53 patients with a clinical diagnosis ranging from no dementia to severe dementia. The stability of the total CAMCOG score was high (0.97). Patients with less than moderate dementia we...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700039003
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicide is a leading cause of death and has been strongly associated with affective disorders. The influence of affective disorder polarity on subsequent suicide attempts or completions and any differential effect of suicide risk factors by polarity were assessed in a prospective cohort. METHOD:Participants...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0033291708004078
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depressive disorders are known to often be chronic and recurrent both in the general population and in psychiatric settings. However, despite its importance for public health and services, the outcome of depression in primary care is not well known. METHOD:In The Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study (PC-VDS...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709005182
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder is a common condition of excessive worry and tension which tends to run a chronic course associated with significant psychiatric and medical problems. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been shown to be of clinical value in about 50% of cases with treatment gains maintained ov...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291702007079
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 90% of the 1202 patients investigated in the 9 centres collaborating in the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia were traced 2 years after the initial examination and on the average over 75% of them were re-examined, using standardized instruments and methods. Results indicate that patients diagnosed as sch...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700004517
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients diagnosed on the basis of structured interviews as having affective psychoses were less sensitive in detecting the presence of a transient auditory signal than were schizophrenic patients or non-patients. Patients with affective psychoses also benefited more (their reaction time was more reduced) than the oth...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700056622
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There has been much recent excitement about the possibility that some cases of psychosis may be wholly due to brain-reactive antibodies, with antibodies to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC)-complex reported in a few patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717002689
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, relapsing mental illness. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors block serotonin transporters (SERTs) and are the mainstay of treatment for OCD. SERT abnormalities are reported in drug-free patients with OCD, but it is not known what happens to SERT levels d...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001865
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sternberg's Memory Scanning Test (MST) is a useful paradigm for evaluating the speed and efficiency of information processing in working memory. Unfortunately, the classical MST has major drawbacks for use in applied settings such as the clinic. For example, its administration time is long and the test is to...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707000360
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Attentional difficulties reported in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) may be due to preferential processing of disease-salient stimuli at a pre-attentive or at a conscious level or to a general problem in attention. Attentional difficulties may be associated with duration of illness. METHOD:Female par...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708002961
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between childhood adversity (CA) and psychosis has been extensively investigated in recent years. An increasing body of research has also focused on the mediating or moderating role of biological and psychological mechanisms, as well as other risk factors that might account for the link between CA and ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720002172
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Maternal smoking has consistently been associated with multiple adverse childhood outcomes including externalizing disorders. In contrast the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) and internalizing (anxiety and depressive) disorders in offspring has received less investigation. METHOD...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716003627
更新日期:2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current mental health legislation in the UK makes provision for the use of certain treatments in severely ill patients who are unable, or unwilling, to give informed consent. Under the terms of this legislation, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be used, usually to treat severely depressed patients. A numb...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291798007193
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Outcome studies of chronic fatigue, neurasthenia and other unexplained fatigue syndromes are few and have been carried out in developed Western countries. This paper aimed to study the outcome of unexplained fatigue syndromes in an international primary care sample and to identify risk factors for persistenc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/s0033291703007566
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of psychiatric disorder, as assessed by both the GHQ-28 and the short PSE, is described for a random community sample of New Zealand women. In contrast to previous studies, married and widowed women and mothers showed lower rates than the never married and childless women. A plausible explanation is pro...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700009909
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-three chronic obstructive bronchitic patients were psychologically assessed before being randomly allocated to 1 of 3 management regimes. The following measures were taken: psychiatric disturbance, personality, social-desirability response set, vocabulary, expectations about treatment, attitudes and beliefs abo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291700021565
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have provided initial evidence that people at risk for psychosis (PR) suffer from stigma and discrimination related to their condition. However, no study has systematically reviewed stigma and discrimination associated with being at PR and the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS:This w...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720000148
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective cohort study of consecutive primary care attenders in south London, the estimated prevalence of non-psychotic psychiatric disorder was 45.6%, using the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). The estimated 12-month incidence rate was 15.7%. Extremely high stability was found in CIS-R scores over ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291796004023
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigated factors contributing to suspected offending behaviour by adults with a history of learning disabilities taken into custody at a city police station. METHODS:Adults charged with offences, and/or leaving custody, during a defined period, were identified as having a possible learning di...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797004777
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An entire population of 32 patients on regular dialysis treatment (RDT) in their own homes were ranked according to their present mental state as assessed by a standardized semi-structured interview. The point-prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 31% which compares closely with that of patients attending a general ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700032062
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is associated with perceptual organization deficits and abnormal neuronal connectivity has been described in early visual areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional integrity of lateral connections in early visual areas of patients with schizophrenia and type I bipolar d...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291705004381
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of over 6000 women was recruited in the last trimester of pregnancy and administered a 40-item self-report questionnaire designed to detect the presence of factors that were likely to increase the risk of postpartum depression. The mental state of almost 5000 of these women was determined at around 6 to 8 wee...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700035698
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children of parents with mood and psychotic disorders are at elevated risk for a range of behavioral and emotional problems. However, as the usual reporter of psychopathology in children is the parent, reports of early problems in children of parents with mood and psychotic disorders may be biased by the par...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719001089
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The treatment of deliberate self-harm (parasuicide) remains limited in efficacy. Despite a range of psychosocial, educational and pharmacological interventions only one approach, dialectical behaviour therapy, a form of cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT), has been shown to reduce repeat episodes, but this is ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s003329179800765x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been numerous exhortations for more 'translational research'. A selective review of historical examples of research leading to health benefits is used to consider the various forms of successful interplay between basic science and clinical applications. This is followed by a consideration of key neuroscienc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170800398X
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00