Molecular and clinical aspects of inherited cardiomyopathies.

Abstract:

:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is phenotypically and genotypically a heterogeneous disease. Since 1989, four chromosomal loci have been identified for HCM and the genes residing on three of these have been identified as beta-myosin heavy chain (beta-MHC), cardiac troponin-T and alpha-tropomyosin. These genes code for sarcomeric proteins and exhibit the same phenotype, suggesting that HCM is a disease of the sarcomere. Over 40 missense mutations and one deletion of the beta-MHC gene have been identified. Similarly, missense mutations in the alpha-tropomyosin gene and the cardiac troponin-T gene have been identified. From genetic studies, including de novo mutations, it is established that these mutations are indeed responsible for HCM. The molecular basis of the pathogenesis of the cardiac hypertrophy appears to be a compensatory response to the primary defect. In addition to providing a definitive presymptomatic diagnosis, studies correlating beta-MHC mutations with clinical prognosis suggest they have significant predictive value and can be helpful in genetic counselling and medical management. Dilated cardiomiopathies (DCM), the most common form of cardiomyopathies, have an estimated prevalence of nearly 40 per 100,000 individuals, and are the most common cause for cardiac transplantation in the United States. Familial dilated cardiomyopathy is thought to account for approximately 20% of the so-called cases of idiopathic DCM.

journal_name

Ann Med

journal_title

Annals of medicine

authors

Durand JB,Abchee AB,Roberts R

doi

10.3109/07853899509002583

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-06-01 00:00:00

pages

311-7

issue

3

eissn

0785-3890

issn

1365-2060

journal_volume

27

pub_type

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