Abstract:
:Two conflicting views have emerged as to why people cry when they are sad. One suggests that crying serves homeostasis by facilitating recovery; the other suggests that crying produces an aversive high-arousal state that motivates behavior aimed at ending the tears. To test hypotheses drawn from these views, we showed a short film known to elicit sadness to 150 women. During this film, 33 subjects spontaneously cried and 117 did not. Subjects who cried exhibited more expressive behavior and reported feeling more sadness and pain than did subjects who did not cry. Crying also was associated with increases in somatic and autonomic nervous system activity. The increases in autonomic activity could not be accounted for solely by the increases in somatic activity. Crying is thus associated with an aversive state, including negative emotion and a complex mixture of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and somatic activation, and we speculate about the functional implications of these findings.
journal_name
Psychophysiologyjournal_title
Psychophysiologyauthors
Gross JJ,Frederickson BL,Levenson RWdoi
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb01049.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
460-8issue
5eissn
0048-5772issn
1540-5958journal_volume
31pub_type
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