Abstract：
:Based on the discussion of NMS, certain conclusions may be reached in regard to this patient. In the psychiatric setting, agitation and confusion alone are not suggestive of NMS. However in this patient, the symptoms of agitation, the rapid development of EPS symptoms unresponsive to anticholinergic therapy, autonomic changes (tachycardia, diaphoresis, and incontinence), and elevated CPK, met most of the diagnostic criteria described in Table VI. However, this case may have described an atypical presentation of NMS because of the absence of temperature increases during the onset of symptoms and the 7-week hospitalization for NMS. The patient's later onset of temperature elevations was a result of an aspiration pneumonia. Pneumonia and renal failure significantly increased the morbidity and extended the course of the illness. As a result, the diagnosis and specific treatment of NMS were delayed because of atypical symptoms and complications. In this patient, treatment of NMS with bromocriptine did not start until 10 days into hospitalization. A delay in pharmacologic therapy in this patient may have contributed to persistence of symptoms. The patient showed signs of improvement on day 21 during combination bromocriptine, benztropine, and dantrolene therapy. Moreover, this case exemplifies the rigorous need for supportive therapy and adjunctive pharmacologic therapy for primary and secondary complications resulting from NMS. In conclusion, because of the wide range of risk factors and variations of NMS, a systematic approach to diagnosing and treating NMS is critical to a successful outcome. Discontinuation of antipsychotics, maintenance of supportive therapy aimed at preventing dehydration, hemodynamic, and electrolyte imbalances, and pharmacotherapy are essential in the treatment of NMS.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Schneiderhan ME,Marken PAdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb02001.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-04-01 00:00:00pages
325-34issue
4eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The primary objective was to determine the pharmacokinetics of single oral and intravenous doses of pantoprazole in children 2 to 16 years of age. The secondary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of these doses. Male and female hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients from ages 5 to 16 years received...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270008321811
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adverse reactions to sulfonamides occur at a higher frequency in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) than noninfected patients. Some studies have suggested that patients with the slow acetylator phenotype are predisposed to these reactions, whereas other studies suggest that the slow acetylat...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00970002042006004
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Direct comparisons of the pharmacokinetic (PK) and systemic pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of inhaled corticosteroids after single and multiple dosing in the same subjects are scarce. The objective of this study was to compare thePK/PDproperties of clinically equivalent, single, and multiple doses of dry-powder formu...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/00912700122012913
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertensive emergency is a condition in which there is elevation of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure with the presence of acute target organ disease. Hypertensive urgency is a condition where the blood pressure is elevated (diastolic > 120 mmHg) with the absence of acute target organ disease. Hypertensive e...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04116.x
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with renal insufficiency, dose adjustments based on creatinine clearance and body weight have been a component of imipenem dosage instructions. The objective of the current analysis was to provide revised dosing recommendations by evaluating the impact of creatinine clearance and body weight on the pharmac...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1356
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a candidate genetic locus for coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies investigating the relationship between the ACE-insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) have been inconsistent. The authors hypothesized that age may be an important mod...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0091270010382420
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors evaluated the effect of high-dose aspirin at a therapeutic dose, using chlorzoxazone as a probe for CYP2E1 enzyme activity. In a randomized, open-label, 2-way crossover study, 10 healthy men were treated 3 times daily for 6 days with 1 g aspirin or placebo. On day 7, 1 dose of 400 mg chlorzoxazone was admi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270005282635
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quinaprilat is the active metabolite of quinapril, an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The dose-response and duration-of-effect after single intravenous doses of quinaprilat and placebo (part A) and after administration of oral quinapril solution and intravenous quinaprilat (part B) were as...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb05028.x
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current guidelines for hypercholesterolemia treatment emphasize lifestyle modification and lipid-modifying therapy to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. Statins are the primary class of agents used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Although statins are effective for many patients, they fail to achiev...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jcph.766
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical pharmacology of L-asparaginase was compared by intramuscular and intravenous injections in 12 patients with metastatic cancer or leukemia. Following a single intramuscular injection at the gluteal site of L-asparaginase (10,000 IU/m2), the enzyme appeared in plasma as measured initially at 1 hour, but plateau...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01752.x
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of lovastatin given before percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on early restenosis was investigated in men with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Thirty-four hypercholesterolemic patients (serum LDL cholesterol 130-200 mg/dL) undergoing their first PTCA completed a 6-month prospective, double-blin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb05017.x
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After space-flights of less than ten days, orthostatic hypotension upon reentry is characterized by plasma volume depletion that may lead to activation of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex which is also considered to be the mechanism of vasovagal (neurocardiogenic) syncope. For space-flight of longer duration, loss of cardiov...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb04988.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lormetazepam, an investigational hypnotic, was evaluated for efficacy and withdrawal phenomena in doses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg in four separate sleep laboratory protocols, each including four placebo baseline nights, seven drug nights, and three placebo withdrawal nights. A moderate degree of efficacy was shown ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02645.x
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are effective at reducing blood pressure, whereas statins decrease plasma cholesterol impeding atherosclerosis. It is hypothesized that these medications may improve blood pressure and serum cholesterol by modifying the antioxidative status and energy metabolism of erythrocytes...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270009344854
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Weight loss has been associated with improvement in insulin sensitivity. It is consequently a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the strictly quantitative relationship between weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and clinically relevant glucose homeostasis biomarkers as well as cha...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1728
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show that for drugs metabolized by one enzyme the slope of a plot of serum concentration (C) versus 1/clearance (CL) is linear with a value of 1/Vmax in the presence of substrate saturation and may be linear (rarely) or curved (usually) with a slope always greater than 1/Vmax in the presence of substrate saturation...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb01859.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food and Drug Administration data show that most anti-depressant studies in youth do not show drug effect. The few positive studies used rigorous diagnostic screening procedures, suggesting major depressive disorder (MDD) may not be a persistent condition in a subgroup of youth. To investigate persistence of MDD, we s...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0091270006290334
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in children, 97 steady-state serum valproate concentration measurements were gathered during normal, routine, outpatient care of 52 children with epilepsy (1.2-16 years of age). Levels were obtained from patients receiving valproate monotherapy (49%) or valp...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04020.x
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of renal and non-renal clearance toward targeted concentrations and/or effects of therapeutic proteins in nephrotic patients are unknown. This study dissected the contribution of clearance pathways to adalimumab elimination in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Urine was collecte...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.121
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium channel blocker therapy has proved protective in certain models of ischemic-induced acute renal failure. This effect may be related to the prevention of calcium influx into injured cells or by the vasodilatory effects of verapamil that may result in an improvement in renal blood flow. In the current study, the...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1987.tb03076.x
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhaled glucocorticoids induce therapeutic and adverse systemic effects via the same types of receptors. Analysis of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters of inhaled glucocorticoids generates a risk-benefit value (RBV). Targeted efficacy with minimal adverse effects helps to quantify an appropriate RBV. High ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0091270003260334
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the effects of fluvastatin on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, the authors measured LDL receptor activity in stimulated T-lymphocytes prepared from 34 patients before and after treatment with 40 mg fluvastatin daily for 12 weeks. Maxim...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912700022009008
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The medium-term (16 weeks) effects of the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on some metabolic indexes, particularly on plasma lipoproteins, were evaluated in 20 mild to moderate hypertensive outpatients. After a 4-week wash-out period, the subjects were given one tablet of a new commercially avai...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03590.x
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BIA 10-2474 (a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor) was evaluated in a first-in-human phase 1 study in normal volunteers to assess safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and food effect. The dose-escalation process consisted of a single-ascending-dose phase (SAD) and multiple-ascending-dose phase (M...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jcph.889
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amiodarone is an effective antiarrhythmic drug for the control of potentially lethal and lethal ventricular arrhythmias (VA). In the United States, a high-dose regimen has been used at the expense of a high toxicity profile for the control of lethal VAs. Significant antiarrhythmic efficacy has also been established wi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03354.x
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors examined the pharmacokinetics of the CD19 receptor-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitor B43-Genistein in 17 patients (4 children, 13 adults) with B-lineage lymphoid malignancies, including 12 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 5 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The immunoconjugat...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912709922012051
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of the marketed formulation of microencapsulated octreotide acetate were evaluated in an open-label study in 22 healthy cholecystectomized subjects. Each subject received a single 30 mg dose of microencapsulated octreotide acetate intramuscularly (i.m.). Concentration...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912700022009242
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The selective T-cell costimulation modulator abatacept is approved for treatment of adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA; 6-17 years [intravenous] and 2-17 years [subcutaneous]). An extrapolation approach was taken to determine subcutaneous weight-tiered doses of abatac...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1797
更新日期：2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Anisotropine methyl bromide, an anticholinergic, 80 mg given orally at 8 P.M., suppresses gastric acid secretion through the night without significant side effects. Thirty patients with endoscopy-proved symptomatic duodenal ulcer disease completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nighttime aniso...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1978.tb01607.x
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro plasma protein binding of warfarin was evaluated by ultrafiltration in plasma from seven normal subjects and seven patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction. The unbound, or free, warfarin fraction was twice as high in the plasma samples withdrawn from patients with renal impairment than in the s...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
