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Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter failure: a multivariate analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To assess the relative importance of independent risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) failure. METHODS:Secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial of PIVC dwell time. The Prentice, Williams, and Peterson statistical model was used to identify and compare risk factors for phlebitis, occlusion, and accidental removal. SETTING:Three acute care hospitals in Queensland, Australia. PARTICIPANTS:The trial included 3,283 adult medical and surgical patients (5,907 catheters) with a PIVC with greater than 4 days of expected use. RESULTS:Modifiable risk factors for occlusion included hand, antecubital fossa, or upper arm insertion compared with forearm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.47 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-1.68], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.08-1.49], and 1.25 [95% CI, 1.04-1.50], respectively); and for phlebitis, larger diameter PIVC (HR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.08-2.03]). PIVCs inserted by the operating and radiology suite staff had lower occlusion risk than ward insertions (HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.67-0.94]). Modifiable risks for accidental removal included hand or antecubital fossa insertion compared with forearm (HR, 2.45 [95% CI, 1.93-3.10] and 1.65 [95% CI, 1.23-2.22], respectively), clinical staff insertion compared with intravenous service (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.30-2.20]); and smaller PIVC diameter (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.02-1.61]). Female sex was a nonmodifiable factor associated with an increased risk of both phlebitis (HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.28-2.09]) and occlusion (HR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.30-1.61]). CONCLUSIONS:PIVC survival is improved by preferential forearm insertion, selection of appropriate PIVC diameter, and insertion by intravenous teams and other specialists. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The original randomized controlled trial on which this secondary analysis is based is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au; ACTRN12608000445370).

journal_name

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

journal_title

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

authors

Wallis MC,McGrail M,Webster J,Marsh N,Gowardman J,Playford EG,Rickard CM

doi

10.1086/674398

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-01 00:00:00

pages

63-8

issue

eissn

0899-823X

issn

1559-6834

journal_volume

pub_type

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Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter failure: a multivariate analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial.