Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of a new monochloramine generation system for control of Legionella in a hospital hot water distribution system. SETTING:A 495-bed tertiary care hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The hospital has 12 floors covering approximately 78,000 m(2). METHODS:The hospital hot water system was monitored for a total of 29 months, including a 5-month baseline sampling period prior to installation of the monochloramine system and 24 months of surveillance after system installation (postdisinfection period). Water samples were collected for microbiological analysis (Legionella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter species, nitrifying bacteria, heterotrophic plate count [HPC] bacteria, and nontuberculous mycobacteria). Chemical parameters monitored during the investigation included monochloramine, chlorine (free and total), nitrate, nitrite, total ammonia, copper, silver, lead, and pH. RESULTS:A significant reduction in Legionella distal site positivity was observed between the pre- and postdisinfection periods, with positivity decreasing from an average of 53% (baseline) to an average of 9% after monochloramine application (P<0.5]). Although geometric mean HPC concentrations decreased by approximately 2 log colony-forming units per milliliter during monochloramine treatment, we did not observe significant changes in other microbial populations. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first evaluation in the United States of a commercially available monochloramine system installed on a hospital hot water system for Legionella disinfection, and it demonstrated a significant reduction in Legionella colonization. Significant increases in microbial populations or other negative effects previously associated with monochloramine use in large municipal cold water systems were not observed.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Duda S,Kandiah S,Stout JE,Baron JL,Yassin M,Fabrizio M,Ferrelli J,Hariri R,Wagener MM,Goepfert J,Bond J,Hannigan J,Rogers Ddoi
10.1086/678418subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
1356-63issue
11eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
S0195941700094595journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We investigated surgical site infections (SSIs) following hip and knee arthroplasties to evaluate predictors of SSI. We found a significant increase in deep Staphylococcus aureus (SA) SSIs despite the decreasing overall SSI rate. The risk of deep SA-SSI differed between genders and among age groups and was affected by...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.312
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that a majority of hospitalized patients were aware of the importance of hand hygiene, but observations indicated that performance of hand hygiene was uncommon. An intervention in which healthcare personnel facilitated hand hygiene at specific moments significantly increased performance of hand hygiene by pat...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.78
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hospital-wide attack rate for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea at our tertiary-care university hospital was 0.02 per 100 patient discharges (0.02%) in 1982, but 0.41% and 1.47% in 1986 and 1987, respectively, with a peak incidence of 2.25% in the fourth quarter of 1987. Hospital antibiotic usage patterns ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646173
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methodologies for evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial agents in the bacterial flora of the hand involve variations of the "glove juice" or "sterile bag" procedures. In this study we demonstrate that the subungual flora contribute significantly to the recovery of bacteria in these procedures. Culturing hands that ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645920
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To evaluate the new adult Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ventilator-associated event (VAE) module in critically ill children and compare with the traditionally used CDC definition for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). DESIGN Retrospective observational study of mechanically ventilated ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.135
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial agents are among the most frequently prescribed medications in long-term-care facilities (LTCFs). Therefore, it is not surprising that Clostridium difficile colonization and C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) occur commonly in elderly LTCF residents. C. difficile has been identified as the most comm...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/501997
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hand hygiene noncompliance is a major cause of nosocomial infection. Nosocomial infection cost data exist, but the effect of hand hygiene noncompliance is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To estimate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-related cost of an incident of hand hygiene noncompliance by a healthca...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651096
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate an outbreak of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections in a neonatal clinic. DESIGN:Prospective chart review, environmental sampling, and genotyping by two independent methods: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase cha...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501729
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiology and the interventions used to control two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) epidemics involving 46 infants with two fatalities in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). SETTING:A 50-bed, level III NICU in a university hospital. INTERVENTIONS:After traditional in...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647285
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transmission rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to gloves or gowns of healthcare personnel (HCP) caring for MRSA patients in a non-intensive care unit setting was 5.4%. Contamination rates were higher among HCP performing direct patient care and when patients had detectable MRSA on their bo...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.10
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate a possible nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Community hospital. METHODS:We reviewed medical records, hospital infection control measures, and potential locations of nosocomial exposure. We examined the results of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sme...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502144
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND The National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) definition was revised as of January 2015 to exclude funguria and lower bacteriuria levels. We evaluated the effect of the CAUTI definition change on NHSN-defined central-line-associated bloodstream infection (...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.41
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE The relationship between hospital antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance is poorly understood. We evaluated the association between antibiotic utilization and resistance in academic and community hospitals in Ontario, Canada. METHODS We conducted a multicenter observational ecological study of 37 hospitals...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.222
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was implemented in Rio de Janeiro and Uberlândia University Hospitals, which had different policies on use of mupirocin. One hundred fourteen multiresistant MRSA strains were isolated from 62 patients. Mupirocin resistance was observed in 63% of strai...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the spread of strains of Enterobacter aerogenes in our hospital in 1992 and 1993 by using two genotypic markers, and to evaluate these methods for the epidemiological investigation of this species. DESIGN:Ribotyping (using two endonucleases) and arbitrarily primed (AP)-PCR (using two different 10-me...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647094
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System personnel report trends in antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. To validate select antimicrobial susceptibility testing results and to identify test methods that tend to produce errors, we conducted proficiency testing among NNIS System hospital labo...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502214
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.41
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In colorectal surgery, the composition of the most effective bundle for prevention of surgical site infections (SSI) remains uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis to identify bundle interventions most associated with SSI reduction. METHODS:We systematically reviewed 4 databases for studies that assessed bu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.112
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the rapid transfer of patients from the acute-care setting, the intensity of nursing care among residents in long-term-care facilities (LTCFs) has increased, transforming today's LTCFs into subacute healthcare facilities. Given the increased risk of infection among residents in LTCFs and the associated morbidit...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501581
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections was reported in a hospital in Ecuador. Commercially produced ampoules of water for injection were found to be contaminated with Burkholderia cepacia and Myroides odoratus. Removal of these ampoules yielded a 10-fold reduction in the incidence of ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/533543
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in the 1970s and 1980s suggested that environmental surface contamination played a negligible role in the endemic transmission of healthcare-associated infections. However, recent studies have demonstrated that several major nosocomial pathogens are shed by patients and contaminate hospital surfaces at concent...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646627
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/587187
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of major interventions targeting infection control and diagnostic stewardship in efforts to decrease Clostridioides difficile hospital onset rates over a 6-year period. DESIGN:Interrupted time series. SETTING:The study was conducted in an 865-bed academic medical center. METHODS:Monthl...
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更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of purified protein derivative (PPD) conversion in workers at our hospital increased to 1.7% in 1991. After implementation of mandatory respiratory isolation of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, the rate dropped to 0.6%. This policy may protect workers in institutions where the majority of patients ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647675
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the mortality associated with Acinetobacter baumannii complex bacteremia among a cohort of patients hospitalized for war-related trauma. Despite a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains, the 30-day mortality rate was 2%. For relatively young patients with war-related trauma, A. baumannii comple...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/649220
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine differences in healthcare costs between cases of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infection and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection in adults. DESIGN:Retrospective study of all cases of S. aureus infection. SETTING:Department of Veterans Affairs hospital and ass...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651094
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop and field test an implementation assessment tool for assessing progress of hospital units in implementing improvements for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a two-state collaborative, including data on actions implemented by participating teams and contextual factors that m...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/677832
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a laboratory study, we demonstrated that 3 alcohol-based hand gels, commercially available in Brazil, were as effective as the traditional 70% ethyl alcohol (by weight) in removing clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Candida albicans from heavily contaminated h...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/591092
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00