Abstract：
:Ultrasound (US) imaging is an exquisite tool for the non-invasive and real-time diagnosis of many different diseases. In this context, US contrast agents can improve lesion delineation, characterization and therapy response evaluation. US contrast agents are usually micrometer-sized gas bubbles, stabilized with soft or hard shells. By conjugating antibodies to the microbubble (MB) surface, and by incorporating diagnostic agents, drugs or nucleic acids into or onto the MB shell, molecular, multimodal and theranostic MBs can be generated. We here summarize recent advances in molecular, multimodal and theranostic US imaging, and introduce concepts how such advanced MB can be generated, applied and imaged. Examples are given for their use to image and treat oncological, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Furthermore, we discuss for which therapeutic entities incorporation into (or conjugation to) MB is meaningful, and how US-mediated MB destruction can increase their extravasation, penetration, internalization and efficacy.
journal_name
Adv Drug Deliv Revjournal_title
Advanced drug delivery reviewsauthors
Kiessling F,Fokong S,Bzyl J,Lederle W,Palmowski M,Lammers Tdoi
10.1016/j.addr.2013.11.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
15-27eissn
0169-409Xissn
1872-8294pii
S0169-409X(13)00281-0journal_volume
72pub_type
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