The use of vitamin supplements and the risk of cataract among US male physicians.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We assessed the effectiveness of a 2-year multicomponent, school-based intervention designed to reduce tobacco use rates among adolescents in an urban area of India. METHODS:Students from 32 schools in Delhi and Chennai, India, were recruited and randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Baseli...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Perry CL,Stigler MH,Arora M,Reddy KS

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the organization and performance of outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) centers. We examine several performance measures of OSAT units, including clients treated, services provided, revenue sources, financial performance, and access to care, in relation to ownership of the cente...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Wheeler JR,Fadel H,D'Aunno TA

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Brazil is the world's fifth largest and sixth most populous nation. Its economy is varied, with strong manufacturing, agriculture, mining, and service sectors. Therefore, a wide variety of workplace hazards confronts its work force. This paper describes Brazil's occupational safety and health regulatory sche...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Frumkin H,Câmara Vde M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We characterized smokers who are likely to use electronic or "e-"cigarettes to quit smoking. METHODS:We obtained cross-sectional data in 2010-2012 from 1567 adult daily smokers in Hawaii using a paper-and-pencil survey. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS:Of the participants, 13% rep...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Pokhrel P,Fagan P,Little MA,Kawamoto CT,Herzog TA

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined racial and ethnic disparities in the total potential burden of asthma in low-income, racially/ethnically heterogeneous Chicago schools. METHODS:We used the Brief Pediatric Asthma Screen Plus (BPAS+) and the Spanish BPAS+, validated, caregiver-completed respiratory questionnaires, to identify ast...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Quinn K,Shalowitz MU,Berry CA,Mijanovich T,Wolf RL

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined young adult smoking patterns and receptivity to cigarette advertising to assess vulnerability to tobacco marketing strategies. METHODS:We obtained data from a telephone survey of 12,072 Massachusetts adults. RESULTS:Smokers aged 18 to 30 years were more likely than older adults to smoke only oc...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Biener L,Albers AB

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We compared estimates for children with and without special health care needs (SHCN) at 2 time periods for national health objectives related to the Healthy People 2010 leading health indicators (LHIs). METHODS:Data were from the 2003 and 2007 National Surveys of Children's Health. Seven survey items were r...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Ghandour RM,Grason HA,Schempf AH,Strickland BB,Kogan MD,Jones JR,Nichols D

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To elucidate why the inverse association between education level and mortality risk (the gradient) has increased markedly among White women since the mid-1980s, we identified causes of death for which the gradient increased. METHODS:We used data from the 1986 to 2006 National Health Interview Survey Linked ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Montez JK,Zajacova A

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been changes within the judicial system that may be attributable to opinions on the admissibility of expert testimony that began with the Supreme Court's 1993 decision in Daubert v Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. After surveying Daubert and subsequent related Supreme Court opinions, I examine a number of ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Berger MA

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As successes mount in reducing commercial tobacco use, an alarming disparity has taken shape in Minnesota. Recent studies revealed that overall smoking rates have dropped to 14%, whereas American Indians' rates remain higher than 50%. With support from ClearWay Minnesota, the organization created from the state's toba...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Boudreau G,Hernandez C,Hoffer D,Preuss KS,Tibbetts-Barto L,Villaluz NT,Scott S

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This psychiatric epidemiology study following the Mount St. Helens volcanic disaster revealed a significant morbidity for psychiatric disorders. The increased prevalence showed a dose response pattern in three population groups. The findings are reported as relative and attributable risk for the two exposed population...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Shore JH,Tatum EL,Vollmer WM

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While Job Corps Centers vary in size, location, and administrative structure, they are subject to uniform requirements for health services, established by federal regulation and must make individual decisions about whether to furnish dental care on-site or by some alternative arrangement in the community. Analysis of ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Avery KT,Moore JE,Berry BL

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To describe salient epidemiological characteristics of Zika virus outbreaks across the world and to examine the clinical presentations, complications, and atypical manifestations related to their occurrence in recent history. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching through ME...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Paixão ES,Barreto F,Teixeira Mda G,Costa Mda C,Rodrigues LC

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have shown considerable variation in body fatness among children and adolescents defined as obese by a percentile rank for skinfold thickness. METHODS:We examined the relationship between percent body fat and risk for elevated blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and serum lipoprotein rat...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Williams DP,Going SB,Lohman TG,Harsha DW,Srinivasan SR,Webber LS,Berenson GS

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We assessed the effectiveness of an intervention targeting home food and activity environments to reduce energy intake and increase physical activity among overweight and obese patients from 3 community health centers in rural Georgia. METHODS:We conducted a randomized controlled trial (n = 349) from 2011 t...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kegler MC,Haardörfer R,Alcantara IC,Gazmararian JA,Veluswamy JK,Hodge TL,Addison AR,Hotz JA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adverse demonstrable health effects linked to the individual's smoking were shown to 2,689 American workers to motivate cessation during routine examinations to detect asbestosis. This intervention was evaluated six to 25 months later by a mailed questionnaire and by telephone to non-responders. Results were compared ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Kilburn KH,Warshaw RH

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We estimated human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series completion and examined predictors of completion among adolescents and young adults in a large family planning network. METHODS:Our retrospective cohort study of vaccine completion within 12 months and time to completion used electronic health record da...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Simons HR,Unger ZD,Lopez PM,Kohn JE

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective review was undertaken of the records of 725 children who attended the neurodevelopmental clinic at the Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Most children presented at an early age (less than 2-6 years). The etiological factors were prenatal, 4 per cent; perinatal, 41 per cent; postnatal, 21 pe...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Rubin IL,Davis M

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Washington County, Maryland, ownership of cats and/or dogs was compared among 48 residents who committed suicide in the years 1975-83 and 96 living controls matched to the suicides by race, sex, and date of birth. Another comparison used as controls persons of same race, sex, and age who died of causes other than s...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Helsing KJ,Monk M

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined the relationship between enrollment in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and delivery of small-for-gestational-age infants. METHODS:WIC records were linked with birth certificates for 1992 full-term births; 41,234 WIC records and 18,34 non-W...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Ahluwalia IB,Hogan VK,Grummer-Strawn L,Colville WR,Peterson A

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined associations between unfair treatment, attributions of unfair treatment to racial discrimination, and cumulative disease damage among African American women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS:We used multivariable regression models to examine SLE damage among 578 African American w...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Chae DH,Drenkard CM,Lewis TT,Lim SS

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limiting effects of exemptions to the coverage of child restraint laws were estimated by determining the extent to which the laws would have applied to child motor vehicle occupants, ages 0-5 years, killed before the laws were passed (1976-80). The 50 state laws would have exempted about 39 per cent of child motor...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Teret SP,Jones AS,Williams AF,Wells JK

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:National rates of unintended births are a major public health concern. The availability of highly effective long-acting contraceptives has prompted some public officials to promote the coercive use of these methods to reduce such problems as intergenerational poverty and child abuse. Broad-brush public policies that r...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Moskowitz E,Jennings B

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence in 1988 of ciprofloxacin-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in New York City was studied in nine hospitals and eight nursing homes. Of the 43 hospitalized patients studied, 21 were admitted from home, while nine of the 12 nursing home patients were transferred from a hospital. T...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Budnick LD,Schaefler S

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to assess 6-month outcomes for HIV-infected people released from New York City jails with a transitional care plan. METHODS:Jail detainees in New York City living with HIV who accepted a transitional care plan during incarceration were asked to participate in a multi-site evaluation aimed at impro...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Teixeira PA,Jordan AO,Zaller N,Shah D,Venters H

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational lead poisoning and environmental contamination were evaluated at a lead scrap smelter. Thirty of 37 employees (81 per cent) has blood lead levels of greater than or equal to 80 mug/100 ml, indicating unacceptable absorption, and 35 had free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) levels greater than 60mug/100ml ...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Levine RJ,Moore RM,McLaren GD,Barthel WF,Landrigan PJ

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined information on tar and nicotine yields on the packages of 160 cigarette brands, 58 percent of the 275 brands for which tar and nicotine yields were listed in a recent Federal Trade Commission report. The tar yield was indicated on 14 percent, the nicotine yield was indicated on 11 percent. As tar yield inc...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Davis RM,Healy P,Hawk SA

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated environmental lead pollution and its impact on children's blood lead levels (BLLs) in a rural area of China. METHODS:In 2007, we studied 379 children younger than 15 years living in 7 villages near lead mines and processing plants, along with a control group of 61 children from another villa...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Lin S,Wang X,Yu IT,Tang W,Miao J,Li J,Wu S,Lin X

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review the current status as well as the risks and benefits of a recently developed DNA test of risk for Alzheimer's disease: the apolipoprotein E genotype. While apolipoprotein E genotypes may indicate a degree of susceptibility, the gene is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause the disease; thus, many questio...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Mayeux R,Schupf N

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We used Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory to identify factors that predicted never or sometimes using condoms in a multiethnic cohort of adolescent mothers. METHODS:We interviewed adolescent mothers within 48 hours of delivery and surveyed them 6 and 12 months after delivery (n = 636). We used mult...

journal_title：American journal of public health

authors： Van Horne BS,Wiemann CM,Berenson AB,Horwitz IB,Volk RJ

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00