Abstract:
:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged worldwide as a significant and difficult-to-treat source of nosocomial infection, emphasizing the ever-present need for reliable and effective antisepsis. Betadine Solution (10% povidone-iodine; PVP-I) and Betadine Cream (5% povidone-iodine) are broad-spectrum microbicides widely used for topical cleansing, wound treatment, and antisepsis. There have been no reports of bacterial resistance to Betadine preparations. In the present study in vitro killing times were determined for PVP-I solution and PVP-I cream against five hospital isolates of MRSA and one methicillin-sensitive strain (MSSA). Isolates were incubated for 24 hours in trypticase soy broth and 0.5 ml, containing 10(6)-10(7)/ml bacteria, was then removed and added to each test agent containing PVP-I. At intervals of 30 seconds, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, 10 microliters aliquots were removed and added to 10 ml of culture broth containing 0.1% sodium thiosulphate, the neutralizing agent for PVP-I. After neutralization the samples were incubated for 48 hours and then observed for growth (turbidity) or its absence. PVP-I solution was effective against all isolates, killing each strain within 30 seconds. PVP-I cream killed four of the MRSA isolates within 30 seconds, and required a 2-3 minute killing time for one strain of MRSA and the strain of MSSA. These results are supported by four published in vitro studies which show that PVP-I is highly effective in killing MRSA. In addition, each study shows that PVP-I is more effective than chlorhexidine against MRSA.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Goldenheim PDsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
S62-5eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756journal_volume
69 Suppl 3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Prospective measurements of serum thyrotrophin and thyroxine concentrations were made in six patients with primary hypothyroidism treated consecutively with an incremental regimen of oral thyroxine. A fall in thyrotrophin occurred over several months, accompanied by a concurrent slow rise in serum thyroxine. Those pat...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.723.11
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is associated with a uniquely severe headache of acute onset. Classical cases are readily identified as such, although this is not always the case. Four cases who were admitted to a district general hospital within a 3-month period are presented, because they demonstrate a variety o...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.74.878.743
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postherpetic neuralgia is defined as pain persisting, or recurring, at the site of shingles at least three months after the onset of the acute rash. Thus defined, at least half of shingles sufferers over the age of 65 years develop postherpetic neuralgia. In addition to increasing age, less important risk factors for ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.864.623
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with severe dothiepin intoxication are described. The management of these cases is discussed and we draw attention to the prolonged elimination half-life of dothiepin and its metabolites, and the implication for treatment. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.60.704.442
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major lethal and non-lethal congenital malformations occurring in babies born in Dudley Road Hospital in 1979, 1980 and 1981 were related to the ethnic group of the mother. There was an increased incidence of gastrointestinal malformations in the Indian group and an increased incidence of abnormalities that could be a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.696.657
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of cervical osteoid osteoma is reported, with a brief account of the diagnosis and treatment of these lesions. Cervical osteoid osteoma is rare but its pattern of presentation varies little and it should therefore be possible to suspect it on clinical grounds alone. Bone scanning is now regarded as more efficie...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.56.660.724
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heatstroke following vigorous exercise is reported in a young male. Severe hepatic and renal failure resulted but the patient completely recovered following treatment by active measures to reduce his core temperature. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.748.157
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing cefaclor with amoxycillin in the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion (OME) in infants and children is being conducted at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Although the randomization code has not yet been broken, the results of treating the first 55 childre...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can rarely present with pre-excited atrial fibrillation. In this condition the short refractory period of the accessory pathway can lead to rapid atrioventricular conduction. There is then a danger that at high heart rates the irregular broad complex tachycardia that results can dete...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.931.297
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasites in the human breast are uncommon but not rare. Cysticercus and filariasis in fine needle breast aspirates have been documented and their cytomorphology is well characterised. However, the host tissue response to these parasites and the factors responsible for their initiation are not clear. Over a 21 year pe...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.917.165
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The differing aspects of fibrocystic disease are presented. The various histological components making up the breast account for the variegated presentation of symptoms and findings. Pain, tenderness and nodularity represent the greatest problem with the former two prompting the patient to seek relief. The latter symp...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae is common, but it is rarely life-threatening. A case is reported in a previously healthy adult whose illness was severe enough to require treatment with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for 14 days and which resolved after treatment with corticosteroids. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.56.659.675
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of digoxin (0.25 mg t.d.s.) given orally for 5 days, on sodium excretion, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone and blood pressure has been studied in 6 normotensive subjects, on a constant sodium intake. Average serum digoxin level measured in 5 subjects on the 5th day of treatment was in the upper ran...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.726.265
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammatory neuropathies are a large diverse group of immune-mediated neuropathies that are amenable to treatment and may be reversible. Their accurate diagnosis is essential for informing the patient of the likely course and prognosis of the disease, informing the treating physician of the appropriate therapy an...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jnnp.2008.158303
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 20-year-old woman presented with tendon and tuberous xanthomas. Plasma lipid levels were normal. Xanthomatosis with normal lipid levels is rare. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.71.839.555
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::When plasma renin activity is related to sodium balance as evaluated from urinary sodium excretion, a physiological index of normality is obtained along with the ability to detect subtle variations in renin secretion. This has made it possible to correlate more closely the antihypertensive action of propranolol with t...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::By 30 June 1984, only 99 confirmed and probable cases of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) had been reported in the British Isles. Sixty-three were related to menstruation in women aged 14 to 54 years who used tampons of various brands and absorbencies; 33 (52%) of these cases were in girls under 20. Five women died (8%) and...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 3-year-old girl is described who became oliguric and hypoglycaemic whilst receiving an excessive dose of sulphadiazine. The mechanism of the hypoglycaemia is discussed. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.53.616.103
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effective management of constipation in childhood requires an understanding of the ways that the physical and psychological factors interact. The early difficulty with defecation that leads to pain, fear, and refusal to use the pot or lavatory often progresses to the formation of vicious cycles of increasing faeca...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.937.616
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the 1920s Moynihan described acute pancreatitis as "..the most terrible of all intra-abdominal calamities". He established a practice of immediate surgical intervention to remove the toxic products accumulating in the peritoneal cavity, and this treatment was endorsed by most centres, remaining the standard therapy...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.72.847.277
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of prostaglandins in inflammation is still disputed. Some workers have attempted to fit prostaglandins into a simple model, i.e. inflammatory leads to chemical mediator leads to vascular response. Recent work has shown that this approach may be misleading. An alternative model is proposed, involving the inter...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.53.625.660
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Following the National Chemotherapy Advisory Group report, calling for better management of patients with cancer admitted acutely to hospital, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, with Merseyside and Cheshire Cancer Network, implemented an acute oncology service (AOS) for the region's seven acute trusts. STUDY DESI...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133805
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although there is good evidence that D-penicillamine can induce polymyositis, the exact pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. We report two patients with psoriatic arthritis and primary biliary cirrhosis respectively, who developed polymyositis while receiving D-penicillamine treatment for their primary diseases. Whet...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.67.793.1018
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaginal vein thrombosis in a pregnant woman is reported. This entity should be differentiated from vaginal arteriovenous fistula which may cause severe antepartum, intrapartum and post-partum haemorrhage. The humoral and mechanical factors which favour the occurrence of varicosities and thrombosis are briefly describe...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.692.394
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sarcoidosis is a chronic, multisystem disease characterised by non-necrotising granulomatous inflammation of unknown aetiology. Most commonly, the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes are affected in sarcoidosis; however, nervous system involvement occurs in approximately 5%-15% of cases. Any part of the nervou...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2016-134475
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the association between professors' self-perception of mentoring skills and their academic performance. DESIGN:Two hundred and fifteen professors from Imperial College London, the first Academic Health Science Centre (AHSC) in the UK, were surveyed. The instrument adopted was the Mentorship Skills...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133542
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and may progress to cirrhosis and its complications. The pathogenesis of steatosis and cellular injury is thought to be related mostly to insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Therefore, management entails identification and treatment of metabolic risk factors, im...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.042200
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient suffering from typhoid fever with severe pancytopenia is presented. Bone marrow examination revealed extensive haemophagocytosis which possibly contributed to the pancytopenia. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.855.41
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center created the Intermediate Improvement Science Series (I(2)S(2)) training course to develop organisational leaders to do improvement, lead improvement and get results on specific projects. DESIGN METHODS:Each multidisciplinary class consists of 25-30 par...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-000890rep
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of cold in the manifestations of coronary heart disease is reviewed. The mechanisms involved which may include increased peripheral resistance and increased coronary vascular resistance are unclear. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00