Abstract:
:The present investigation was to determine the extent to which mercury (Hg) provokes measurable effects on the structure of the digestive gland of slugs as well as to relate the extent of these effects to the cell and tissue distribution of Hg. For this purpose, slugs (Arion ater) received various dietary concentrations of Hg (from 0 to 1,000 microg Hg/g food) as chloride for 30 days and were histologically examined every third day. Autometallography was used to demonstrate Hg as black silver deposits (BSD) in paraffin sections. The lysosomes and residual bodies of digestive cells resulted to be the major accumulation sites. In addition, Hg was also evidenced in lipofuscine granules of vacuoles in excretory cells but, however, it was rarely observed within calcium cells. Generally, the extent of BSD increased with dietary Hg concentration and exposure time but, however, it became significant lowered after exposure to 1,000 microg Hg/g food for 30 when the digestive epithelium appeared almost devoid of digestive cells. On the other hand, significant changes were recorded in the quantitative structure of digestive tubules. Mean Epithelial Thickness (MET), Mean Luminal Radius (MLR) and Mean Diverticular Radius (MDR) were recorded as measures of the sublethal biological effect of Hg. MET, MLR/MET and MET/MDR were affected by Hg concentration (C), exposure time (T) and CxT interaction, changes in MET, MLR, MLR/MET and MET/MDR being explained by regression models after logarithmic transformation of the data. In order to explain the nature of the changes in the quantitative structure of the digestive tubules this investigation was complemented with qualitative histological observations. According to them, the excretory activity in digestive cells was initially enhanced. Afterwards, the relative numbers of digestive cells declined until the extreme cases of exposure to 1, 000 microg Hg/g for 27 to 30 days in which the digestive epithelium was mostly comprised of calcium and excretory cells. Concomitantly, some changes took place in blood vessels where Leydig cells became disrupted and the connective tissue layers thickened. Finally, it is suggested to use slugs in soil quality assessment as sentinel organisms ("Slug Watch") in which biomarkers of exposure to metallic pollutants and of biological effect are recorded.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Marigómez I,Soto M,Kortabitarte Mdoi
10.1007/BF00203907subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
54-62issue
1eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two kinds of emerging contaminants most studied in recent years. However, there is limited information about their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. In the present study, the single and combined toxicity of PFOA and PFOS to zebrafish (Danio r...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9864-2
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the growth response of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris as a model system, the effects of combinations of the environmentally active cations Cd, Co, and Cu were evaluated. The 96-h static EC50 for these cations to C. vulgaris were, respectively, 0.89 microM, 9.0 microM, and 2.8 microM, yielding a toxicity serie...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01061084
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sediment-bound toxicants to aquatic invertebrates may vary due to differences in bioavailability, food quality, or food structure. The equilibrium partitioning theory (EPT) assumes that organic matter content of sediments and not structure of organic matter is relevant for biological effects of polycycl...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010109
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The survival, growth, and biochemical composition (protein, total lipid, total carbohydrate, free reducing sugars, RNA, DNA) of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, exposed to low sublethal concentrations of cadmium throughout its life cycle (beginning with 5-day-old juveniles) was studied. The purpose was to get some insi...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900349
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioural responses are linked to complex biochemical and physiologic changes and may act as sensitive indicators of the sublethal effects of pollutants. This article investigates changes in the locomotor activity rhythms of the amphipod Gammarus aequicauda exposed to cadmium (Cd) as a model to study the effect of p...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9563-9
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasitoids are key species involved in the regulation of natural populations. Host parasitization is realized via some important steps in which kairomone perception is essential. Due to the wide use of insecticides and their contribution to environmental pollution, the determination of their sublethal effects on beha...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010269
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cotton/polyester fabrics were contaminated with a 1.25% solution of methyl parathion (MeP) emulsifiable concentrate formulation, then laboratory laundered. The laundering variables were detergent type, concentration, water volume, and mechanical agitation. Specimens were unfinished (UN) and soil repellent finished (SR...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01160308
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metals present in the soil get differently accumulated in organisms and show different rates of toxicity at different stages of the life cycle of any organism living there. To see whether such toxicants get accumulated during the embryonic development and/or change the normal developmental processes of organisms...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00006613
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioaccumulation and elimination capacity of chromium were examined in four freshwater species: the submersed aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae), the oligochaete Limnodrilus udekemianus (Tubificidae), the crab Zilchiopsis collastinensis (Decapoda), and the fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeci...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-008-9139-0
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both the efficacy and fate of most foliar-applied pesticides may be affected by weather variables, especially rain. A multiple-intensity rainfall simulator was used to determine the effects of rainfall intensity and amount on concentrations of carbaryl (Sevin(R) XLS Plus) washed from soybean plants. Two hours after ca...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212372
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the wake of the Deepwater Horizon incident (2010) in the Gulf of Mexico, an abundance of research studies have been performed, but the methodologies used have varied making comparisons and replication difficult. In this study, acute toxicity tests with mysids and inland silversides were performed to examine the eff...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-015-0228-6
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic (As) is widely studied in several countries due to its toxicity to biota in the environment. Arsenic sources may be natural or anthropogenic, and the mobility of the element is ruled by physicochemical conditions that also define the dominant As species in the environment. Arsenic levels are evaluated in vario...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00244-018-00586-6
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient to aquatic organisms, but increased concentrations may result in accumulation and toxic effects. Water chemistry is known to influence the uptake of Zn in aquatic biota; therefore, organisms inhabiting environments with variable salinities may exhibit different patterns of Zn ac...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9805-0
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury (Hg) used in gold amalgamation is a major source of contamination in developing countries. Water, sediments, plankton, fish, and human samples from Grande Marsh, a Hg-polluted marsh located in the south of Bolívar, municipality of Montecristo, Colombia, were collected during both the rainy and the dry seasons ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9129-7
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed germination and early stage seedling growth tests were conducted to determine the ecotoxicological threshold of 2,4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in two soils of different properties. Soils were amended up to 1,600 mg TNT kg-1 soil and four representative species of higher plants, two dicotyledons (Lepidium sativum L....
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900455
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A theoretical compartment model for the uptake of Cd and Zn by the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard), was constructed, and included a factorially designed experiment to study the relative importance of food and water as uptake vectors for 109Cd and 65 Zn. Food and water were important pathways fo...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01055544
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A test battery, composed of a range of biological assays, was applied to evaluate the ecological health of soil aged for 69 days and spiked with a range of pyrene levels (1.04, 8.99, 41.5, 72.6, 136, and 399 μg g(-1) dry soil; Soxhlet-extracted concentrations after 69 days of aging). Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa), e...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9793-0
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transitional waterbodies, such as estuaries, are highly diversified environments with respect to ecology, geophysics, and nature of anthropogenic impacts. This spatial heterogeneity may pose important constraints when developing monitoring programmes for aquatic pollution. The present study compared three distinct coa...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9812-1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of insecticidal control programs for grasshoppers on the population density of birds were assessed under operational conditions in two rangeland sites in Wyoming during an outbreak (19 to 56 grasshoppers m(-2) on >1,500 ha). Malathion, carbaryl, and fipronil were evaluated using large-scale (>/=260 ha) red...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900547
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of antibiotics in water was developed and applied to Brazilian surface waters. Amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefalexin (CEF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim w...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9550-1
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of mercury (HgCl2), copper (CuCl2: 5 H20), nickel (NiSO4: 6 H2O), lead (Pb(CH3COO)2: 3 H2O) and cobalt (CoCl2: 6 H2O) was studied under standardized conditions in embryos and larvae of the zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio. Exposures were started at the blastula stage (2-4 h after spawning) and the effects on ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01055567
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to determine the spatiotemporal patterns in water quality of River Soan using multivariate statistics. A total of 26 sites were surveyed along River Soan and its associated tributaries during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in 2008. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) classi...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-016-0272-x
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent organochlorines such as DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in whole-body homogenates of resident and migratory birds collected from South India. Organochlorine contami...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900335
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agricultural workers are exposed to pesticide residues via dermal contact with foliage upon entry of treated fields. Restricted Entry Intervals (REIs) are established based on both toxicity and exposure. Key factors for estimation of potential worker exposures are dislodgeable foliar residues (DFRs) and the manner in ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-003-2166-y
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of pyrene on the regulation of the gene expression of cytochrome P4501A ( CYP1A) was studied in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a tropical fish of great ecological and economical importance. To evaluate CYP1A mRNA, tilapia CYP1A cDNA was cloned, sequenced, and compared with those CYP1A reported sequences i...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-001-0018-1
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are a worldwide problem, causing serious water pollution and public health hazard to humans and livestock. The intact cells as well as the toxins released after cellular lysis can be responsible for toxic effects in both animals and humans and are actually associated with fish kills. Two fi...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-005-0122-8
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 216 otolith samples (89 male, 127 female) fromPomadasys stridens (Forskal 1775), a common fish of the ArabianGulf, were analyzed for the concentrations of heavy metals. Standard length,age, sex, body, and otolith weight were recorded for each fish. Otolithweight from male fish was found in the range of 0.04...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900189
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Earlier incubation and greenhouse studies in our laboratory confirmed the effectiveness of drinking-water treatment residual (WTR) in decreasing soil arsenic (As) bioaccessibility as determined with in vitro tests, which led us to hypothesize a similar outcome if animal studies were to be conducted. Our objective was ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-009-9318-7
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined mercury and selenium in 43 eggs (eggshell, albumen, and yolk) which belong to different clutch sizes of Audouin's gull from the Chafarinas Islands. The results were compared with those obtained previously with the same species at the Ebro Delta. Both, the intra- and the interclutch sources of variability...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010087
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six prairie grain farmers were monitored for pesticide exposure and related adverse effects while they mixed and/or sprayed carbofuran (Furadan 480F) with ground rig application equipment to control grasshoppers in southern Alberta, Canada. Dermal exposure was estimated with Tegaderm patches placed at seventeen locati...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01056087
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00