Abstract：
:Both the efficacy and fate of most foliar-applied pesticides may be affected by weather variables, especially rain. A multiple-intensity rainfall simulator was used to determine the effects of rainfall intensity and amount on concentrations of carbaryl (Sevin(R) XLS Plus) washed from soybean plants. Two hours after carbaryl was applied at 1.12 kg/ha, 25 mm of rain was applied at intensities of 13.0, 27.4, 53.8, or 105.1 mm/h. About 67% of the carbaryl on the plants was washed off by 25 mm of rain. Rainfall intensity affected carbaryl concentrations in washoff; higher concentrations occurred at lower intensities. Even though the experimental conditions were designed for "worst-case" conditions, washoff patterns suggested improved carbaryl rainfastness when compared to carbaryl (formulated as a wettable powder) washoff from cotton plants in earlier studies. Rainfall amount had a greater effect on carbaryl concentrations in washoff than rainfall intensity.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Willis GH,Smith S,McDowell LL,Southwick LMdoi
10.1007/BF00212372subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
239-43issue
2eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Mercury is a heavy metal that has caused concern regarding the health of fish and of those who consume them. In this research, the concentrations of mercury in the muscle tissues of zander and European perch from Anzali were measured using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GFAAS). The average concentr...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-020-00730-1
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invertebrate communities of lentic habitats comprise, amongst others, the crustacean Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and the turbellarian Dendrocoelum lacteum (Tricladida). Because D. lacteum preferentially preys on A. aquaticus, contaminants introduced into the aquatic environment may affect this predator-prey interactio...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-011-9743-2
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the wide use of trace metals in various technologies, such as chemical industries and electronic equipment, insufficient information is available on their behavior in the environment. We investigated changes in chemical forms and vertical distribution during the migration processes of trace metals, whose usage...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0437-2
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Determination of soil concentrations of trace and pollutant metals over large spatial areas requires laborious and expensive sampling effort. In this study, we examined the feasibility of using calves as biomonitors of soil semimetal and trace metal concentrations in Galicia (NW Spain), a region in which calves are pr...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-002-1168-5
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occurrence of traditional (PBDEs) and novel (HBB, PBEB, DBDPE) brominated flame retardants, as well as the natural compounds of MeO-PBDEs, were studied in a shellfish species (Hexaplex trunculus) sampled from Bizerte Lagoon. PBDE and MeO-PBDE mean concentrations in murex soft tissues were 187 and 264 ng g-1 lw respect...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-019-00694-x
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of a 7-day exposure of 3-day-old wheat plantsto increasing Cd concentrations are described, with special attention beinggiven to chloroplast ultrastructural changes, chlorophyll fluorescenceresponses, chlorophyll and nutrient concentration changes as well as growthchanges of the whole plant. The plants tre...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900168
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that chemicals, e.g., hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) decrease plasma thyroxin levels through interaction with transthyretin. As a consequence, plasma vitamin A and thyroxin are depleted. Both thyroxin and vitamin A are important regulators of normal epithelial differentia...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00225989
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The water quality of the Reconquista River (Argentina) water was monitored between 2009 and 2010 by means of a multiparametric approach. This periurban river is affected by agricultural, urban, and industrial discharges. Water samples were collected at a dam located in the headwaters and at 18 km downstream (M). Physi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9920-6
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experimental model was designed to study the acute lesions caused by a continuous exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) disolved in water (400 mg/L) in hematopoietic kidney tissue in tench (Tinca tinca L). Fifty fish were used in this study, 15 for calculating LC50 and 35 were euthanized 1, 2, 5, 8, an...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900405
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three different diets amended with lead (Pb) nitrate Pb(NO3)2 (7, 77, and 520 microg Pb/g dry weight) and a Pb-free control diet (0.06 microg Pb/g dry weight) were fed to juvenile freshwater rainbow trout for 21 days. Accounting for measured food consumption, the calculated doses per fish were 0.02, 3.7, 39.6, and 221...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-005-0212-7
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study determined the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine (OC) pesticides, and tris(4-chlorophenyl) methane (TCPMe) in human breast milk samples collected in 2003 from primipara mothers living in Penang, Malaysia. OCs were de...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0208-8
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degradation of ring-labeled 14C-phenthoate in a moist sandy loam and silty clay loam soil was studied. Phenthoate degradation was attributed to the action of extracellular heat-labile soil enzymes which converted to its carbon ester hydrolysis product, phenthoate acid. Thus, rate of phenthoate degradation was grea...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02097745
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vivo toxic effects of sublethal treatment of 40 and 80% of 48-h LD(50) of topically applied trace metals [copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] on oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana were examined. Oxidative individual perturbations were assessed by measuring nonenzymatic (glutat...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9380-1
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a conditioned proboscis extension response (PER) assay, honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) can be trained to associate an odor stimulus with a sucrose reward. Previous studies have shown that observations of conditioned PER were of interest for assessing the behavioral effects of pesticides on the honeybee. In the pr...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-0262-7
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined mercury and selenium in 43 eggs (eggshell, albumen, and yolk) which belong to different clutch sizes of Audouin's gull from the Chafarinas Islands. The results were compared with those obtained previously with the same species at the Ebro Delta. Both, the intra- and the interclutch sources of variability...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010087
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 208 samples of water, sediment, tomato crops, blood, and mothers' breast milk were collected from the environs of Akumadan, a prominent vegetable-farming community in Ghana. The samples were analyzed for organochlorine (OC) pesticide residues. Lindane and endosulfan were found in water and sediment, while o...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010210
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hymenopterous parasitoids are key species involved in the regulation of insect populations. Kairomone perception is an important step leading to host parasitization. The massive use of insecticides induces environmental pollution that can interact with the reproduction of parasitoids. In this work, we have determined ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0158-1
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juvenile common carp were exposed for 28 days to three different sublethal copper concentrations (0.20 microM, 0.55 microM, and 0.80 microM). Food consumption was monitored on a daily basis during the exposure period, while growth, copper accumulation, energy stores, and nucleic acid contents were assessed weekly. Cop...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900271
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The polychaete Nereis virens occurs commonly in marine sediments, is widely distributed, and is a popular bait species, as well as a potential replacement for wild-caught fish in commercial fish feed preparations. It is being considered as a potential co-extractive species for culture in integrated multi-trophic aquac...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0461-2
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report summarizes a study of the chemical and biological characteristics of three oligotrophic lakes located in a region that receives a moderately acidic precipitation (mean annual pH 4.5-4.6), and a sulfate deposition of about 20 kg/ha/yr. The two brownwater lakes are relatively acidic (pH 4.5 and 4.8), and muc...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01056203
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used to control rodent infestations. Previous studies have shown that nontarget organisms, such as birds, are at risk for both primary and secondary poisoning. This paper presents rodenticide residue information on the livers from 164 strigiformes which included barn owls (Tyto al...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9402-z
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to determine the concentrations of p-nitrophenyl acetate esterase activity (EA) and cortisol in serum of marine Olive Ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) from a Mexican Pacific population ("La Escobilla" beach) and to evaluate the possible relationship of inorganic elements with these biomar...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0464-z
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This is the first study to investigate the rate of mercury (Hg) biomagnification in the aquaculture pond ecosystem of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China, by analyzing total mercury (THg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations in various species of fish at different trophic levels (TLs). Species representing a gradie...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-010-9641-z
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seed germination and early stage seedling growth tests were conducted to determine the ecotoxicological threshold of 2,4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in two soils of different properties. Soils were amended up to 1,600 mg TNT kg-1 soil and four representative species of higher plants, two dicotyledons (Lepidium sativum L....
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900455
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using original artificial fertilization methods with medaka (Oryzias latipes), the effects of exposure to cypermethrin on gametes, fertilization, and embryonic development were investigated. The relative sensitivity was studied with 96-hour duration, 24-hour renewal exposures to six nominal concentrations of cypermeth...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-0223-1
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine temporal and geographic variations of environmentally persistent pollutants, the concentrations of several contaminants were measured in snapping turtle eggs in 1999 and 2000. Contaminants included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), non- ortho PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans, organochlorine...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-3012-6
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Red-tailed hawks were exposed to sublethal levels of lead acetate for periods of 3 or 11 weeks. Alterations in the heme biosynthetic pathway were demonstrated after the first week of exposure to 0.82 mg lead per kilogram body weight per day. Activity of erythrocyte porphobilinogen synthase (aminolevulinic acid dehydra...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055559
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and mercury (Hg) were determined in blubber and liver tissues of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) collected along the ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00213097
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The applicability of an in situ incubation method in monitoring the effects of metal mining on early life stages of fish was evaluated by investigating the impacts of a biomining technology utilizing mine on the mortality, growth, and yolk consumption of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) e...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-018-0558-2
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sand fiddler crabs, Uca panacea, were exposed in laboratory habitats to measured concentrations of ULV-grade fenthion via simulated aerial spray at 5% and 50% of field rate application of 6-12 mg fenthion/m(2) (0.05-0.10 lbs fenthion/acre). Two habitats served as controls, and two habitats served as replicates for eac...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449910043
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
