Abstract：
:Six prairie grain farmers were monitored for pesticide exposure and related adverse effects while they mixed and/or sprayed carbofuran (Furadan 480F) with ground rig application equipment to control grasshoppers in southern Alberta, Canada. Dermal exposure was estimated with Tegaderm patches placed at seventeen locations on the skin beneath the work clothes. Hand and wrist exposure was determined by the amount of chemical found in hand rinses and on wrist patches. Potential inhalation exposure was measured with an air sampler using polyurethane foam as the adsorbent. Urine samples were collected at 24-hr intervals after exposure and monitored for carbofuran. Blood samples were analyzed for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), pseudocholinesterase (ChE) and several other blood parameters. The results indicated that during the mixing and/or spraying operation, a farmer could potentially be exposed to a total of 1,264 micrograms carbofuran per kg of active ingredient (a.i.) used. Of this amount, 1,262 micrograms/kg (or 99.8%) was dermal and 2 micrograms/kg (or 0.2%) could be through the inhalation route. Hand and wrist exposure was about 1,100 micrograms/kg a.i. (or 87% of total exposure). Excretion of the chemical in the urine amounted to 28 micrograms/kg a.i. No ChE inhibition was observed. Other blood measurements were within normal ranges. The farmers showed no acute adverse effects during exposure and for four days after exposure. These results are discussed in relation to the mammalian toxicity of carbofuran.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Hussain M,Yoshida K,Atiemo M,Johnston Ddoi
10.1007/BF01056087subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
197-204issue
2eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The 70-kDa stress protein family (HSP70) plays important roles in a variety of physiological processes, including protein chaperoning, protection against apoptosis, steroidogenesis, and general cellular stress responses in vertebrate organisms, and has also been proposed as a biochemical marker of environmental stress...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-002-0109-7
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abstract：:Adult intermolt Gammarus pulex were exposed to a range of cadmium concentrations in an artificial stream water containing 20 mg calcium 1(-1). 96 hr and 48 hr LC-50 values obtained were 0.12 and 0.68 mg Cd 1(-1), respectively. The influence of external calcium level on cadmium toxicity was investigated at a cadmium co...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055633
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moss biomonitoring technique was applied in a heavy-metal pollution study of Croatia in 2006 when this country participated in the European moss survey for the first time. This survey was repeated in 2010, and the results are presented in this study. For this purpose, 121 moss samples were collected during summer and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9884-6
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0208-8
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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doi：10.1007/BF02221130
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02097745
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