Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fructose malabsorption is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. This review examines new findings on the physiology, assessment and therapy of fructose malabsorption in functional gastrointestinal disorders. RECENT FINDINGS:Additional GLUT transport mechanisms that regulate fructose absorption might be involved in symptom adaptation to high-fructose diets. Although glucose is known to facilitate fructose absorption, erythritol promotes malabsorption. The methodologies of fructose breath testing and its clinical utility have been questioned by findings of unrealistic testing dose and poor reproducibility. Although fructose restriction appears to benefit children with functional abdominal pain, fructose restriction itself may not be the key player. In irritable bowel syndrome, fructose restriction within a diet low in other fermentable carbohydrates fermentable, oligosaccharide, disaccharide monosaccharide and polyols produced good symptom control compared with habitual diet, but such therapy resulted in significantly reduced bifidobacteria. Fructose absorption and subsequently, abdominal pain and nausea are improved by a novel enzyme therapy that converts fructose to glucose for absorption. SUMMARY:New insights into factors affecting fructose absorption may have therapeutic applications. Doubts surrounding clinical utility of fructose breath testing are emerging. Although restriction of fructose and other fermentable, oligosaccharide, disaccharide monosaccharide and polyols have efficacy for functional gastrointestinal symptoms, potentially negative effects on microbiota deserve attention.
journal_name
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Carejournal_title
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic careauthors
Putkonen L,Yao CK,Gibson PRdoi
10.1097/MCO.0b013e328361c556subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
473-7issue
4eissn
1363-1950issn
1473-6519pii
00075197-201307000-00017journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and its diseases cause disturbances in that balance. Conversely, fluid and electrolyte disorders may disturb gastrointestinal function. The purpose of this review is to highlight some recent literat...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200503000-00015
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide guidance for investigators who are new to the field of DNA methylation analysis. RECENT FINDINGS:Epigenetics is the study of mitotically heritable alterations in gene expression potential that are not mediated by changes in DNA sequence. Recently, it has become clear that nutrition can aff...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282bf6f43
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The K vitamins, a group of napthoquinones, are required for the carboxylation of a limited number of proteins including the bone matrix protein osteocalcin. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menaquinones), differ regarding food source (green vegetables and fermented products, respectively), bioavailability an...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200111000-00003
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Objective and subjective methods are used to assess nutritional status. They are used as diagnostic, prognostic and response tools. It is still controversial which of them is more suitable for each situation and what they are really assessing. The most recent findings about these methods will be discu...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282fba5d7
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. MetS prevalence has been associated with diet inadequacy. Conversely, the cumulative incidence of MetS has been inversely associated with a Mediterranean-style diet that includ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000412
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The loss of skeletal muscle with injury or critical illness can be dramatic. This review emphasizes the importance of skeletal muscle as a metabolic reserve. Changes in protein metabolism with bed rest alone and during physiological stress are discussed. Nutritional and hormonal interventions that ame...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000232901.59168.e9
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the recent work on potential mechanisms underlying a paradoxical positive association between the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) and weight gain. RECENT FINDINGS:Several potential mechanisms, not mutually exclusive, are hypothesized. First, by dissociating sweetness from calo...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283468e7e
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Oxidative stress plays a central role in the transition from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). An effective therapeutic strategy is to target reduction in oxidative stress in NASH patients. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of oxidative stress in NASH and biological ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328357f747
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Glutamine and arginine are conditionally essential amino acids because depletion occurs in stressed conditions. Intravenous glutamine supplementation reduces morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients fed parenterally. In surgical patients, arginine-enriched diets have beneficial effects, but ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328333c27f
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To analyze current evidence for the posology and pharmacokinetics of selenium supplementation in the critically ill. RECENT FINDINGS:Antioxidants and especially high-dose parenteral selenium may be associated with a significant reduction in mortality among critically ill patients with systemic inflam...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32832a0cc2
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrotic patients show various abnormalities in protein kinetics. Plasma albumin levels and the total plasma albumin pool are reduced. The rate of hepatic absolute and fractional albumin synthesis are increased. Transferrin synthesis is also increased. Fibrinogen levels are elevated in nephrotic syndrome because of a...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200201000-00010
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:A new nutrition-related risk assessment tool, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), has been recently proposed. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidences on the use of this tool with particular focus on the rationales of its application in elderly healthcare. RECENT FINDINGS:Str...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283186f59
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Leucine does not only serve as a substrate for protein synthesis but is also recognized as a potent signal nutrient that regulates protein metabolism. Accordingly, leucine supplementation has been suggested to develop muscle mass or prevent protein loss in several conditions characterized by muscle pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328336f6b8
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized patients. Despite this, it is not routinely assessed in most hospitals worldwide. One of the reasons that might explain this fact is that there is no gold-standard nutritional assessment tool, and much has been written advocating this or that technique....
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200309000-00006
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Poor vitamin K nutrition has recently been linked to several chronic diseases associated with abnormal calcification, which affect many elderly. To understand the impact of vitamin K nutrition on healthy aging it is necessary to assess both the determinants and the adequacy of vitamin K nutritional st...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328011ab5f
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crude measurements of nutritional status, such as body weight, are inadequate to assess the severity and consequence of malnutrition among inflammatory bowel disease patients. Functional deficiency resulting in osteopenia and muscle weakness have been demonstrated in these patients when compared to controls. Manipulat...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199809000-00002
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Malnutrition is prevalent in critically ill patients and is linked to worse outcomes such as prolonged mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and increased mortality. Therefore, nutritional therapy is important. However, it is often difficult to accurately identify those at ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000721
更新日期:2020-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lipidomic profiling of biological samples is increasing in nutritional research applications. 'Lipidomic analyses' however can be quite variable in specific methods and the type of information about the specific lipids that is revealed. The lack of defined and simple terminology to describe aspects of...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000495
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Postoperative complications in gastrointestinal elective surgery have been described as low. In certain circumstances, however, such as those including high-risk patients, the incidence is higher. In such situations, bacteremia and infectious complications may be caused by translocation of either gast...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000241674.55417.c9
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In recent years, the lower costs of arrays and sequencing technologies, and the better availability of data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have led to more reports on genetic factors that are associated with bone health. However, there remains the need for a summary of the newly identifi...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000482
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To characterize methods evaluating and to summarize studies linking various serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with health status. RECENT FINDINGS:Elucidation of the cell-biologic mechanism of vitamin D action, and numerous clinical trials and observational studies relating vitamin D ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328348ed85
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dietary fiber may play a role in obesity prevention through reduction of body weight and control of appetite, however, not all fibers are created equally, and characteristics of fiber such as viscosity, fermentability and solubility may affect appetite differently. RECENT FINDINGS:Although early stud...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000502
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of the present review is to evaluate the most recent evidence for a role of antioxidant nutrients in the prevention or delay in progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the aging population. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent human stu...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833308ff
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent literature suggests dietary glutamine supplementation may lower blood glucose in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), who have no residual insulin secretion. The mechanisms and potential relevance to the care of T1D remain unclear. RECENT FINDINGS:Glutamine is involved in multiple pathways inc...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000530
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency approved the glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue, teduglutide, for the treatment of short bowel syndrome (SBS), and this review describes the physiological basis for its clinical use. RECENT FINDINGS:By affecting the intesti...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328363bce4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The rapid muscle loss that accompanies varying diseased states (cachexia) is due to an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown In the current review, we will discuss and summarize recent evidence in order to provide practical recommendations on exercise and nutrie...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283516850
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arginine is a non-essential amino acid in mammals as judged from nitrogen balance study. Citrulline is synthesized from glutamate in the small intestine, whilst kidneys and some other tissues convert citrulline to arginine. Ornithine transcarbamylase and carbamylphosphate synthetase are expressed in liver and small in...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199807000-00004
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Ketone body metabolism is a dynamic and integrated metabolic node in human physiology, whose roles include but extend beyond alternative fuel provision during carbohydrate restriction. Here we discuss the most recent observations suggesting that ketosis coordinates cellular function via epigenomic reg...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000475
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:New evidence has recently supported the notion that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is present in adult humans and can play a prominent role in the regulation of body weight and metabolism. This has renewed the efforts to understand the physiologic mechanisms by which BAT is activated, which in turn could ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000063
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The data indicating that alcohol is an important factor increasing the risk to develop gastrointestinal cancer are consolidating. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence. RECENT FINDINGS:Acetaldehyde is the first metabolite of ethanol metabolism and has direct carcinogenic and mut...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283566699
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00