Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Objective and subjective methods are used to assess nutritional status. They are used as diagnostic, prognostic and response tools. It is still controversial which of them is more suitable for each situation and what they are really assessing. The most recent findings about these methods will be discussed in this review. RECENT FINDINGS:Malnutrition still has a high prevalence all over the world. Anthropometric measurements are best useful to assess chronic malnutrition, and albumin and other visceral protein should no longer be considered as nutritional markers, but inflammatory response markers. Subjective global assessment enables comparison among different populations, and its scored version may be useful in other clinical situations besides cancer. Functional methods and bioelectrical impedance analysis may become possible to identify malnutrition in an early stage. Nitrogen balance seems to be the only way to assess the response to nutritional interventions. SUMMARY:Malnutrition should be understood as a continuum. Nutritional assessment should not be an expensive and time-consuming process, and simple methods such as subjective global assessment may be enough to identify those patients who need nutritional intervention. Future studies may show which method is more suitable to evaluate the response to this treatment.
journal_name
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Carejournal_title
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic careauthors
Barbosa-Silva MCdoi
10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282fba5d7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
248-54issue
3eissn
1363-1950issn
1473-6519pii
00075197-200805000-00010journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Metabolic toxicities in HIV patients are common and contribute to clinical status and long-term sequelae. Body fat mass alterations, of multifactorial causes, continue to occur, despite use of antiretroviral drugs associated with fewer metabolic side-effects. The role of HIV itself in the development ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283457a8f
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown are simultaneous ongoing processes. Here, we examine evidence for how protein quality can affect exercise-induced muscle protein anabolism or protein balance (MPS minus muscle protein breakdown). Evidence is highlighted showing differences in...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cef75
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the recent advances in our understanding of fatty acids and lipids in paediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and their future implications. RECENT FINDINGS:Data have been accumulated to suggest that ceramides are the main drivers of hepatic insulin resistance in NAFLD, and in...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000346
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The function and use of vitamin D supplementation has become very controversial. This review attempts to provide a balanced perspective with respect to the experimental findings published in the past 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS:The recent contrasts between the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report and th...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32834be798
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory methods for the measurement of micronutrients are usually based upon determinations in the peripheral blood. Most are relatively insensitive, but can screen for impending acute deficiency or toxicity. The metabolic responses to disease, injury and infection may alter the laboratory findings independently of...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199811000-00003
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dietary fibers decrease risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity, but the most important mechanisms for fiber's protective properties are debated. The purpose of the review is to summarize the recent human studies that examine mechanisms how dietary fiber decreases risk of obesity-related disorders....
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000696
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steato hepatitis have an increasing prevalence among liver diseases. Overweight and obesity are frequently associated conditions in patients with fatty liver. Skeletal muscle mass depletion may also coexist with chronic liver disease even in ob...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000558
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review describes some of the advances made over the past year in NMR-based metabolomics for the elucidation of known and unknown compounds, including new ways of how to combine this information with high-resolution mass spectrometry. RECENT FINDINGS:A new method allows the back-calculation of ma...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000206
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation in adipose tissue. This review presents an update on human and rodent studies analyzing the nature of fat-infiltrating immune cells, the time course of adipose tissue infiltration and underlying mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS:Intensive studies in...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833aab7f
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The inflammatory response is essential in the response to pathogens. TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 are key mediators of the response. They initiate metabolic changes to provide nutrients for the immune system, from host tissues. These changes include hyperlipidemia and increased gluconeogenesis. Insulin re...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200209000-00015
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The objective of this review has been to analyse and compare the causes, incidence, severity and treatment of gastrointestinal complications in critically ill children and adults. RECENT FINDINGS:The incidence of gastrointestinal complications in critically ill patients published in the literature is...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283218285
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To highlight the recent evicence for optimal protein intake and protein supplementation in older adults. A special focus has been placed on the effects on muscle protein synthesis, strength and overall performance in this population. RECENT FINDINGS:Although for older adults, some additional evidence...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000124
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Food allergy affects up to 10% of preschool children, and continues to increase in prevalence in many countries, resulting in a major public health issue, with practical implications for the food industry, educational establishments and healthcare systems. RECENT FINDINGS:The need to distinguish betw...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000052
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute and chronic diseases are frequently characterized by alterations in energy metabolism that influence nutritional requirements and clinical care. Knowledge of the effect of disease on daily energy expenditure and its components is fundamental to understanding the impact of the disease process on energy balance. T...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200109000-00009
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of the present review is to provide insights into the future therapeutic approaches to cancer-related muscle wasting that flow from the progressive knowledge of mechanisms regulating muscle mass in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Cancer cachexia is a severely debilitating and life-threate...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000134366.07148.2e
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Milk is the only biomaterial that evolved under the Darwinian selective pressure to nourish growing mammals. The purpose of this article is to review the scientific research that is using new techniques of integrating biological sequence, structure and function, to understand the innovative biology underlying the prod...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200211000-00007
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Intradialytic nutritional support has been used for more than 30 years both in critically ill patients with acute renal failure and during maintenance hemodialysis. Present knowledge allows better estimation of its metabolic and nutritional efficacy, as well its effect on patient outcome. RECENT FIND...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3282f44c1b
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review methods to measure the content and distribution of body fat or adipose tissue in humans are examined. The review particularly emphasizes methods to characterize regional fat distribution and ectopic fat (fat contained within other tissues) including specific applications and implication...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200209000-00005
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular endothelial cells control vascular smooth muscle tone via the release of nitric oxide. Following adverse circulatory conditions, namely trauma and hemorrhage, endothelial cell dysfunction occurs, leading to a decrease in the release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, which contributes to fu...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328011bb1b
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To highlight recent research that has contributed to an improved understanding of, or resulted in, important changes in the approach to feeding HIV-exposed infants. RECENT FINDINGS:The administration of antiretroviral therapy to a HIV-positive pregnant woman and its continued use during breast-feedin...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328337321a
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The present review provides an overview of the different dietary quality indices in use. In the first decades, most indices were developed for the general adult population and were based on the American dietary guidelines and the Mediterranean diet. This review focuses on new, other dietary quality in...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32830a49db
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular function is recognized as an early and integrative marker of cardiovascular disease. While there is consistent evidence that the quantity of dietary fat has significant effects on vascular function, the differential effects of individual fatty acids is less clear. This review summarizes recen...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32835c5f29
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catabolism of fat-free mass affects both the quality of life and survival of patients. Because of variations in fluid status during acute illness, changes in body weight are difficult to evaluate and interpret during treatment. Nutritional assessment should therefore evaluate fat-free and fat mass changes during metab...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200007000-00013
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antioxidant nutrients are important for limiting damaging oxidative reactions in cells, which may predispose to the development of major clinical conditions such as heart disease and cancer. There is great interest in the possibility that the antioxidant potential of plant-derived phenolic compounds, such as flavonoid...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200011000-00006
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Essentially, there have not been any outstanding recent developments in nutritional assessment techniques. However, it would appear that the acceptance that there is no absolute gold standard for nutritional assessment has led to the development of disease specific and clinically relevant subjective global type-assess...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199805000-00007
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Postoperative complications in gastrointestinal elective surgery have been described as low. In certain circumstances, however, such as those including high-risk patients, the incidence is higher. In such situations, bacteremia and infectious complications may be caused by translocation of either gast...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000241674.55417.c9
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Preoperative nutritional support in severely malnourished patients decreases complications after major surgery. This review summarizes previous studies on head and neck cancer patients undergoing surgery, and offers recommendations on preoperative nutritional support based on the literature and our ex...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200207000-00013
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the domains in which computerized information systems have proven beneficial in facilitating the metabolic and nutritional management RECENT FINDINGS:In glucose control, computerized insulin algorithms have proven safer and more efficient than manual systems, reducing workload, time to targ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328341ed77
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To evaluate whether the diet of lactating women modulates the development of allergic disease in their children. RECENT FINDINGS:Although maternal avoidance of common food protein allergens was previously recommended for lactating women with infants predisposed to allergic disease, recent expert revi...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000222113.46042.50
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in separation science are leading to more sensitive and more specific analysis of the complex mixtures of metabolites, vitamins and nutrients found in biofluids. Recent developments include capillary electrokinetic separations such as capillary electrophoresis, and the linking of separation methods to new for...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199809000-00012
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00