Abstract：
:The effects of permeant charge (z) on iontophoretic-enhanced transport were investigated with synthetic Nucleopore membranes and with human epidermal membranes using a four-electrode potentiostat with side-by-side diffusion cells. The modified Nernst-Planck model (Nernst-Planck theory with an additional transport term to correct for the effect of the convective solvent flow due to electroosmosis) was first examined in a Nuclepore membrane system with model permeants calcein (z = -4), salicylate (z = -1), and a series of polystyrene sulfonates (from monomer to molecular weight of approximately 8000 with a z range of -1 to approximately -40). The flux enhancement (E) for each permeant was determined at 470 mV. Mannitol (a neutral molecule) was used as a probe to determine a correction for convective solvent flow under the same applied voltage conditions. Good agreement between the experimental results and the predictions from the modified Nernst-Planck model was found for calcein, salicylate, and polystyrene sulfonates up to molecular weight of approximately 1800 (z approximately -8). The flux enhancements for the higher molecular weight polystyrene sulfonates with greater z values were more than a factor of three lower than theoretical predictions; the electrophoretic effect and counterion binding to the permeants are proposed as possible explanations for these discrepancies between experiment and the modified Nernst-Planck theory. In the studies with human epidermal membranes, iontophoretic flux enhancements for calcein, salicylate, and taurocholate were determined at 250 and/or 470 mV. The flux enhancements were generally consistent with the results calculated from the modified Nernst-Planck model.
journal_name
J Pharm Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmaceutical sciencesauthors
Li SK,Ghanem AH,Peck KD,Higuchi WIdoi
10.1021/js960479msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-06-01 00:00:00pages
680-9issue
6eissn
0022-3549issn
1520-6017pii
S0022-3549(15)50328-6journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Drugs possessing the ability to bind to melanin-rich tissue, such as the eye, are linked with higher ocular exposure, and therefore have the potential to affect the efficacy and safety profiles of therapeutics. A high-throughput melanin chromatographic affinity assay has been developed and validated, which has allowed...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.24680
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation was designed to quantitate and compare in the rat the oral absorption characteristics of micronized griseofulvin from a corn oil-in-water emulsion dosage form containing suspended drug and a control aqueous suspension after single-dose (50 mg/kg) and multiple-dose (50 mg/kg every 12 hr for five dose...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600640910
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vivo dissolution of many poorly soluble drugs is enhanced by the action of surfactants secreted into the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These substances may act by solubilizing individual drug molecules into two separate liquid phases: the free aqueous phase and a micellar phase in which the drug is incorpo...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/js9604974
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transition temperature, T(t), of polymorphs is estimated from both their heats of solution and solubilities (or intrinsic dissolution rates) determined at any one temperature (e.g., ambient). At a given temperature, T, the enthalpy difference, DeltaH, between polymorphs, I and II, is equal to the difference betwee...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.1080
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of excipient, drug, and osmotic agent loaded in the inner core tablet on the time-controlled disintegration of compression-coated tablet prepared by direct compression with micronized ethylcellulose was investigated. The excipients [spray-dried lactose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium starch glycolat...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.10197
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A crossover experiment was utilized to compare the pharmacokinetics of a 1-g dose of cephalexin tablets, cephalexin capsules, or cephradine capsules in nine normal human volunteers. These antibiotics were administered as three formulations: two 500-mg capsulin every 6 hr for five doses, and one 1000-mg tablet of cepha...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600671033
更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quassinoids bruceantin, brucein D, brucein E, bruceoside A, and brusatol significantly inhibited P-388 lymphocytic leukemic cell RNA and protein synthesis in tissue culture. However, DNA synthesis inhibition seemed to correlate more directly with the anti-neoplastic activity of these compounds in the in vivo P-338...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600680726
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid, automated method for the determination of phenylbutazone in plasma and urine was developed. The method offers distinct advantages over earlier procedures and is particularly suitable for large-scale bioavailability studies. ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600650117
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidation of 7,8-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline with potassium permanganate in acetone afforded 7,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline as the primary product. Hence, oxidation of the appropriate secondary nonphenolic 7,8-dioxygenated tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid is thus a facile method for the generation o...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600731137
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corneal permeability data taken from the literature were analyzed for possible quantitative relationships with physicochemical properties. Although a parabolic relationship was obtained with good correlation between lipophilicity, as expressed by the 1-octanol-water partition coefficients, log Poctanol (or the distrib...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/js960076m
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic antibodies and antibody derivatives comprise the majority of today's biotherapeutics. Routine methods to generate novel antibodies, such as immunization and phage-display, often give rise to several candidates with desired functional properties. On the contrary, resource-intense steps such as the developme...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.24430
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herein, curcumin amorphous solid dispersions (Cur ASDs) were prepared using binary polymers (Eudragit EPO with polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 [EuD-PVP], Eudragit EPO with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E50 [EuD-HPMC]) as excipient, and surface tracking of Cur ASDs was mainly addressed. Infrared spectroscopy, in situ Raman im...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.030
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Econazole is a feasible alternative treatment in the management of fungal keratitis. Nevertheless, its low water solubility is considered the main limitation to the incorporation into ophthalmic formulations. In this work, econazole nitrate is solubilized by using cyclodextrins to achieve an optimum therapeutic concen...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.028
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of biopharmaceuticals are available as lyophilized formulations along with a prefilled syringe (PFS) containing water for injection (WFI). Submicron- and micron-size droplets of lubricating silicone oil (SO) applied to the inner surface of the PFS barrel might migrate into the WFI, to which protein pharmaceut...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.xphs.2019.02.002
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this study were to identify the key process parameters during steam granulation of disordered mesoporous silica material Syloid® 244 FP (244) and to compare two different binders: polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K25 and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). Itraconazole (ITZ) was selected as the model com...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.23699
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the phase-sensitive delivery systems (D,L-polylactide in triacetin) for controlled delivery of insulin at basal level. The effect of varying concentration of zinc, polymer, and insulin on the in vitro release of insulin was evaluated. Stability of released insulin was inves...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.22433
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method was developed for the baseline separation of common free bile acids by supercritical fluid chromatography. A phenylbonded silica column, with UV detection at 210 nm, and carbon dioxide modified with methanol as the mobile phase were used. The influence of the stationary phase, modifier concentration, temperat...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600820110
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The entropy of fusion of 84 disubstituted benzenes was essentially constant and independent of the participation of the compounds in intramolecular or intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It was also independent of the shapes, sizes, and dipole moments of the rigid molecules studied. While the entropy of fusion was indepe...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600680512
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respirable crystals of cromoglycic acid (CA) were prepared by precipitation of CA with hydrochloric acid from aqueous solutions of cromolyn sodium and subsequent recrystallization from hot water or mixtures of dimethyl sulphoxide and water. The properties of the materials were established by melting point measurements...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600780221
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anhydrotetracycline (AHTC), one of the major toxic decomposition products of the antibiotic tetracycline, contains several potential binding sites to metal ions. The acidity constants of the ligand were calculated in aqueous medium (I = 0.1 M) at 25 and 37 degrees C. We found pKa1 = 3.23 +/- 0.08, pKa2 = 5.94 +/- 0.09...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600830306
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platinum-based anticancer agents such as cisplatin and carboplatin are in widespread clinical use but associated with many side effects. Improving the delivery of cytotoxic platinum compounds may lead to reduced side effects and achieve greater efficacy at lower doses. Polymer-based therapeutics have been investigated...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.21611
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide-Fc fusion proteins (or peptibodies) are chimeric proteins generated by fusing a biologically active peptide with the Fc-domain of immunoglobulin G. In this review, we describe recent studies that have evaluated the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics of peptibodies. Key features...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.23783
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insoluble (visible) aggregates of a homodimer fusion glycoprotein, consisting of the first extracellular domain of a human protein, fused to the hinge, C(H)2, and C(H)3 domains of a human immunoglobulin G(1) (IgG(1)), were observed during early formulation development. The soluble fraction of the fusion protein was co...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.20423
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The penetration of benzyl alcohol (BA) through split-thickness cadaver skin was measured in nonoccluded Franz cells placed in a fume hood. BA, dissolved in a small volume of ethanol and spiked with (14)C radiolabel, was applied to skin at nine doses ranging from 0.9 to 10600 microg/cm(2). The percentage of radioactivi...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.20513
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailability of clofibric acid from formulations containing calcium clofibrate along and mixed with calcium carbonate (1:1 w/w) was compared to that from a standard clofibrate formulation in a crossover study in 12 human subjects. The 95% confidence intervals of bioavailability differences were such that they ...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600661138
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melphalan (30 microgram/ml) is completely hydrolyzed in water at 37 degrees after 8 hr. At lower temperatures, hydrolysis proceeds at slower rates. The presence of bovine serum albumin retards hydrolysis of melphalan (30 microgram/ml) in water. The melphalan hydrolysis rate is directely releated to the bovine serum al...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600670530
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its inception in the 1930s, disintegration testing has become an important quality control (QC) test in pharmaceutical industry, and disintegration test procedures for various dosage forms have been described by the different pharmacopoeias, with harmonization among them still not quite complete. However, becaus...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jps.24303
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the number of clinical trials has continued to grow by about 20% in the past six months, no corresponding growth in product approval by the food and drug administration is seen or anticipated in the near future. Late-stage clinical failures due to lack of efficacy or toxicity continues to be a challenge. The opt...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.21649
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In phenobarbital measurement by GLC with the flash-methylation technique, using trimethylanilinium hydroxide as a methylating reagent, a small amount of water decomposed phenobarbital and interfered with the quantitative analysis. Thus, both the sample and the methylating reagent must be sufficiently dehydrated to att...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600680938
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods for monitoring mechanical events occurring within particulate solids systems in a dynamic state are described. The electrical conductance and capacitance characteristics of such systems, as they relate to the degree of bed dilation or expansion, extent of interparticulate contact, and intensity of particle mot...
journal_title：Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jps.2600670825
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
