Abstract：
:Two experiments examined the frequency specificity of habituation of the acoustic startle response in the rat. Following the long-term habituation of startle to one of two pure tone stimuli in Experiment 1, animals were presented with the other stimulus. Startle response asymptotes were unaffected by this change in stimulus frequency. Short-term habituation of startle also was insensitive to stimulus frequency. In Experiment 2, pure tone stimuli were used to provoke both a startle response and the interruption of drinking. Long-term habituation of startle to either stimulus was unaffected by a change in frequency. Animals that received the two stimuli on alternating days showed as rapid a habituation as did the groups receiving only one stimulus frequency during acquisition. Conversely, the lick suppression measure was found to be frequency specific. Lick suppression durations rose to pre-habituation levels when the frequency of the stimulus was changed. Animals that received the two stimuli on alternating days showed retarded habituation compared to those groups presented with only one stimulus frequency during acquisition. Although long-term habituation of startle is not stimulus specific, it is mediated by central processes and thus remains a valuable model in the study of neurophysiological mechanisms of behavioral change.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Jordan WP,Poore LHdoi
10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00512-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-02-15 00:00:00pages
643-9issue
4eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S003193849700512Xjournal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Rats secrete saliva in response to heat. In the present study, details of thermal salivation were investigated using the FOK rat in comparison with Sprague-Dawley (SD), Donryu, and ACI rats. The FOK rat is a strain inbred for genotypic heat adaptation and endures heat for long periods. Conscious rats of all four strai...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00541-6
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulatory action of different concentrations of circulating corticosterone occupying either predominantly mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) or both MR and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in control of cardiovascular responses to a novelty stressor. Six groups of rats w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00642-4
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Daily rhythms in glucose tolerance have been reported for several species of mammals, which seem to be linked to factors such as daily rhythms of insulin resistance and feeding habits. In this paper, we studied entrainment to a daily scheduled meal of blood glucose after carbohydrate intake (dextrin or glucose). After...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.12.015
更新日期：2009-03-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to utilize oxygen has been shown to affect a wide variety of physiological factors often considered beneficial for survival. As the ability to learn can be seen as one of the core factors of survival in mammals, we studied whether selective breeding for endurance running, an indication of aerobic capacity,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.01.011
更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescence and excessive intake of saccharin have each been previously associated with enhanced vulnerability to drug abuse. In the present study, we focused on the relationship between these two factors using male adolescent and adult rats selectively bred for high (HiS) and low (LoS) levels of saccharin intake. On ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.02.001
更新日期：2007-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The adrenal cortex function of farmed blue (Alopex lagopus) and silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) differing in their reaction in the feeding test were assessed. The urine cortisol:creatinine ratio was lower for those animals eating in the feeding test in comparison to those not eating in both species. In addition, eater si...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00232-7
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When estrous female rats regulate or pace (P) the timing of vaginal intromissions received from males during mating, the stimulation is more effective in inducing luteal function and abbreviating the period of receptivity than is nonpaced (NP) stimulation. The present studies examined whether the coital stimuli necess...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90163-7
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released in response to lipid feeding and regulates pancreatic digestive enzymes vital to the absorption of nutrients. Our previous reports demonstrated that cholecystokinin knockout (CCK-KO) mice fed for 10 weeks of HFD had reduced body fat mass, but comparable glucose uptake by white adipose...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.009
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone released from intestinal L-cells in response to food entering into the gastrointestinal tract. GLP-1-based pharmaceuticals improve blood glucose regulation and reduce feeding. Specific macronutrients, when ingested, may trigger GLP-1 secretion and enhance the effe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.04.017
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reward-related stimuli come to acquire incentive salience through Pavlovian learning and become capable of controlling reward-oriented behaviors. Here, we examined individual differences in anticipatory activity elicited by reward-related cues as indicative of how animals attribute incentive salience to otherwise neut...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.012
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to a diet rich in fats changes the gastrointestinal milieu and alters responses to several signals involved in the control of food intake. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is a gut-derived satiety signal released from enterocytes upon the ingestion of dietary fats. The anorexigenic effect of OEA, which requir...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.039
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suckling rats were undernourished from birth by underfeeding their mothers. They were refed from 3 weeks of age. Detailed analyses were made of the walking locomotion of previously undernourished and well-fed control female rats at 10 weeks, using electronic, computer, and TV techniques. Previously undernourished rats...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90421-w
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes were studied in the open-field behavior of young rats prematurely separated from their mothers at different ages. Premature separation from the mother on days 15 and 18 of life increased their fear or emotional behavior, as measured by the amount of defecation and locomotor activity. The changes in rats' open-...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90272-1
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) patients have impaired salivary gland function and an elevated frequency of oral complaints. The taste complaints are thought to be due to sensory deficits that arise in the absence of sufficient saliva to maintain taste receptors. We assessed the subjective complaints, salivary production and ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00211-m
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To cover their energy demands, prey animals are forced to search for food. However, during foraging they also expose themselves to the risk of becoming the prey of predators. Consequently, in order to increase their fitness foraging animals have to trade-off efficiency of foraging against the avoidance of predation ri...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.11.005
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of a single exposure to foot shock stress on runway responding for food reinforcement was assessed in animals trained and tested with the same or changed reinforcement magnitude. Foot shock (30 1-s shocks, 1.0 mA) exerted no impact on runway responding in animals trained and tested with the same level of re...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00129-8
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study addressed the possible role of a conditioned taste aversion in the anorectic effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the rat. Pairing an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of LPS (100 micrograms/kg b.wt.) with the subsequent presentation of a familiar diet (FD) or of a novel-tasting saccharin die...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90309-4
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Much of the inter-individual variation observed in animal behaviour is now attributed to the existence of behavioural phenotypes or animal personalities. Such phenotypes may be fundamental to fisheries and aquaculture, yet there have been few detailed studies of this phenomenon in exploited marine animals. We investig...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.03.010
更新日期：2012-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Male hooded rats (350 to 450 g) were castrated and given subcutaneous implants of testosterone-filled or empty Silastic tubes. Four weeks later, half of the animals with testosterone implants were housed with an animal with an empty implant and left for 6 weeks. The other animals were adapted to a food-deprivation sch...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90285-0
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exogenously administered dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a potent inhibitor of sexual behavior in ovariectomized, estrogen-primed rats and endogenous DHT has been implicated as an inhibitor of sexual behavior in cycling rats. To determine the temporal relationship between DHT levels and the expression of sexual behavior,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90298-3
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The entrainment of circadian rhythms by light-dark (LD) cycles has been extensively investigated in laboratory studies. In almost all of these studies, organisms have not been allowed to modulate their exposure to the LD cycle. In the present study, the rhythm of running-wheel activity was investigated in nocturnal (d...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.03.015
更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:An increased intake of dietary fiber has been associated with reduced appetite and reduced energy intake. Research on the effects of seemingly identical classes of dietary fiber on appetite has, however, resulted in conflicting findings. The present study investigated the effects of different fiber properties, includi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.007
更新日期：2014-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Diurnal patterns in the heart-rates (HR) of 16 wild European rabbits have been studied, based on more than 1200 days of radiotelemetrical HR recordings. HR shows a distinct diurnal rhythm which is closely coupled to the diurnal pattern of activity for free ranging animals. The rabbits' activity phase, accompanied by h...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90209-0
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intake of an initial substance (e.g., 0.15% saccharin) is suppressed when the presentation of this substance precedes the availability of a preferred solution (e.g., 32% sucrose) in brief daily pairings. The present experiments show that degree of this anticipatory contrast effect is related to the relative hedonic va...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)90386-7
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human participants judged the pungency of various concentrations of carbon dioxide presented to one nostril, the other nostril, or both (dichorhinic stimulation). Perceived magnitude grew sharply with concentration over the range explored. The combinatorial rule of bilateral integration followed the Pythagorean theore...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90025-7
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is considerable evidence suggesting that endogenous opioid peptides (EOP) might play a role in the defensive response to stressful stimuli. The stress associated with receipt of aggression from a female conspecific and physical restraint for collection of serial blood samples (at 10-min intervals) resulted in a ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90241-2
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some conditioned taste aversion experiments were undertaken to determine how the gerbil responds to disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols. We observed the following: animals taught an aversion to 0.1 M sucrose generalized the avoidance to most sugars, the exception being galactitol; animals taught to avoid 0.01 M...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90176-7
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The research literature suggests that oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory factors influence neurotrophins in vitro. However, there is insufficient information about their effects on exercise training conditions, especially during high intensity trainings. This study aimed to compare the effects of 6weeks of high int...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.012
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reaction times and perceived intensities for NaCl solutions were measured in sixteen human adults. Stimulus delivery was by means of a circular piece of solution-soaked filter paper held with forceps. The reaction time (T) decreased and the perceived intensity (S) increased with increasing the concentration (C) of NaC...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90369-9
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In studies of experimentally induced retrograde amnesia (RA), as the interval between training and the amnestic treatment is lengthened, amnesia decreases (4). This temporal gradient for RA has been reported with a wide variety of amnestic agents, including RA produced by thermoregulatory disturbances (8). This tempor...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00008-6
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
